Islam Review

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Islam Review
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Islamic Beginnings

• Name given to the nomadic people of Arabia
• Bedouins
• Term for the Holy Shrine in Mecca
• Kaaba
• Primary occupation of Muhammed
• Trader/merchant
• Term for flight from Mecca to Medina
• Hejira
• Term for the declaration of faith
• Shahada
• Times per day Muslims are expected to pray
• five

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Beginnings

• A pillar called the zakat
• Charity/alms
• Holy month of fasting in memory of the Muhammed
  receiving the message
• Ramadan
• The once in a lifetime pilgrimage to Mecca
• Hajj
• These are the people of the Book
• Jews and Christians
• People of the book were required to do this
  yearly
• Pay a bit more in taxes
• The Muslim sacred book of the message
• Quran

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Beginnings

• Term given to the successors of the prophet the
  leaders after Muhammeds death
• Caliph
• Tall slender towers where Muezzin call followers
  to prayer
• Minarets
• Muslims who believe religious leaders must be
  decendents of Muhammed
• Shiah 10 primarily in Iran Iraq
• Muslims who believe leaders can be chosen from
  all followers
• Sunni 90 all over the world
• Term for the religious leader of the Shiah
• Imam
• Name given to the Muslims who settled in Spain
• Moors

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Expansion

• Muslims fought this empire, centered in
  Constantinople
• Byzantine
• One of the centers of learning in Spain
• Toledo or Cordoba
• Islamic expansion in Europe was stopped at this
  site in 732
• Battle of Tours
• Term for father dominate family
• Patriarchal
• Term for Turkish leaders who expanded empire
• Sultan

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Islamic Culture

• Term for Islamic center of prayer and learning
• Mosque
• Term for highly stylized writing
• Calligraphy
• Reason why mosques are adorned with ornate and
  geometric designs
• Will not depict or display god or prophet
• Three areas of higher learning in mosques
• Medicine, law, science
• Term for those that studied drugs,
  pharmaceuticals
• Alchemists
• Arab invention used to chart the stars for
  location
• astrolabe

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Islamic Culture

• Arab traders borrowed these from the Gupta
  Indians
• Numeral 0 - 9
• Arab mathematicians were the first to dabble in
  this puzzling math area
• Algebra
• Term used to describe Muslim art and architecture
• Arabesque
• She is the eloquent story telling of the 1001
  Arabian nights
• Scheredzade
• City of religious and scientific center in the
  Middle East
• Baghdad
• Indian religion viewed as polythestic that has
  clashed with Islam
• Hindu