Judaism

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Judaism

• The History and Practice of the
• Jewish Religion

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Early History

• It began as the religion of the small nation of
  the Hebrews.
• The Patriarch of the Jewish Faith is Abraham.
• Under God's command, Abraham migrated to the
  region of Canaan, which is roughly equivalent to
  modern Israel and Lebanon.

The Abraham in Judaism is the same Abraham that
is referred to in the Bible and in Islam with
the significance of the Ka-aba.
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The Torah

• Is the Holy Book of the Jewish Religion.
• (The Torah is commonly a scroll)
• This is the Old Testament of the Bible.

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Founding of Judaism

• It is said God chose Abraham to be the father of
  a people who would be special to God, and who
  would be an example of good behavior and holiness
  to the rest of the world.

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13 Articles of Faith

• God exists
• God is one and unique
• God is incorporeal
• God is eternal
• Prayer is to God only.
• The prophets spoke truth.
• Moses was the greatest of the prophets.
• The Written and Oral Torah were given to Moses.
• There will be no other Torah.
• God knows the thoughts and deeds of men.
• God will reward the good and punish the wicked.
• The Messiah will come.
• ( Jews Dont Believe Jesus was the Messiah)
• The dead will be resurrected.

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Moses

• According to the Torah, a famine caused the
  Hebrew tribes to migrate to Egypt, where they
  were enslaved.
• God rescued them from bondage by afflicting the
  Egyptians with successive plagues then drowning
  the Egyptian army in the Red Sea to allow the
  Hebrews to escape.

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The Ten Commandments

• God guided the Jewish people through many
  troubles, and at the time of Moses he gave them a
  set of rules by which they should live, including
  the Ten Commandments.

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The Ten Commandments

• ONE 'You shall have no other gods before Me.'
  (One God)
• TWO 'You shall not make for yourself a carved
  image--any likeness of anything that is in heaven
  above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that
  is in the water under the earth.
• (Worship no false Gods) THREE 'You shall
  not take the name of the LORD your God in vain.'
  (Do not use the Word God in vain)
• FOUR 'Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it
  holy.' (Sabbath is on Saturday and they should
  not work)
• FIVE 'Honor your father and your mother.'
• (Listen to your parents)

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• SIX 'You shall not murder.'
• (Dont Kill People)SEVEN 'You shall not
  commit adultery.' (Dont cheat on your Wife or
  Husband)
• EIGHT 'You shall not steal.'
• (Dont Steal)NINE 'You shall not bear
  false witness against your neighbor.' (Dont lie
  and say someone has committed a crime when they
  havent)
• TEN 'You shall not covet your neighbor's house
  you shall not covet your neighbor's wife, nor his
  male servant, nor his female servant, nor his ox,
  nor his donkey, nor anything that is your
  neighbor's.'
• (Dont desire things that are not yours)

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Ancient Israel and Judah

• After a series of Kings led Israel, the kingdom
  split into two, Israel and Judah.
• Israel was conquered by the Assyrians in the 8th
  century BCE (Before Common Era).
• Judah was conquered by the Babylonian army in the
  early 6th century BCE.

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The Romans and the Jews

• For a period the Jewish people governed
  themselves again and were at peace with the Roman
  Empire. But internal divisions weakened the
  Jewish kingdom and allowed the Romans to
  establish control in 63 BCE.
• In the years that followed, the Jewish people
  were taxed and oppressed by a series of "puppet"
  rulers who neglected the practice of Judaism.

This is the time period when Jesus (who was
Jewish) was put to death By Roman authorities.
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Sects of Judaism

• Orthodox Judaism
• Orthodox Judaism is the most traditional
  expression of modern Judaism. Orthodox Jews
  believe the Torah was given to Moses by God and
  remains authoritative for modern life in its
  entirety.
• has held on to such practices as daily worship,
  dietary laws (kosher), traditional prayers and
  ceremonies, regular and intensive study of the
  Torah, and separation of men and women in the
  synagogue.

FYI 7 percent of American Jews are Orthodox
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Sects of Judaism

• Reform Judaism
• Reform Judaism is the most liberal expression of
  Judaism. According to 1990 survey, 42 percent of
  American Jews regard themselves as Reform.
• Reform Jews affirm the central tenets of Judaism
  - God, Torah, and Israel - while acknowledging a
  great diversity in Reform Jewish beliefs and
  practices. Reform Jews are more inclusive than
  other Jewish movements women may be rabbis,
  cantors, and synagogue presidents interfaith
  families are accepted and Reform Jews are
  "committed to the full participation of gays and
  lesbians in synagogue life as well as society at
  large. They also are not as strict with
  following Kosher Dietary Laws.

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Kosher Dietary Laws

• Many believe the Jewish dietary laws to be
  primitive health regulations. This theory is
  supported by the fact that obeying the kashrut
  offers many health benefits. Some are obvious
  rodents and insects are notorious as
  disease-carriers, and a discovered carcass is
  likely to be rotting and unsanitary.

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Kosher Dietary Laws
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Holidays

• Sabbath (Holy Day) The Jewish day of worship is
  Saturday.

ISLAM FRIDAY
CHRISTIANITY SUNDAY
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Hanukkah Festival of Lights

• It commemorates the victory of the Maccabees over
  the Syrian-Greek rulers of Jerusalem and the
  subsequent rededication of the Temple in 164 BCE.
  It also celebrates a miracle that accompanied
  this event When the temple was rededicated, God
  miraculously made the one day's worth of oil burn
  brightly for eight days.
• The Holiday was not very popular until the
  increase of the popularity of Christmas in the
  1900s.

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Passover

• Passover- this is the 8 day holiday that
  celebrates the Jews leaving their enslavement by
  the Egyptians.
• Passover's name comes from the last of the Ten
  Plagues visited on the Egyptians by Yahweh before
  the Exodus. All firstborn male children were
  killed, but those Hebrew households that had
  slaughtered a lamb and marked their doorposts
  with its blood were "passed over."