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Samuel and Kings

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All 4 books present a history of the Jewish monarchy ... One day, David comes down bringing food and water to his older brothers. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Samuel and Kings


1
Samuel and Kings
  • The rise of monarchy

2
Samuel and Kings
  • All 4 books present a history of the Jewish
    monarchy
  • Written and re-written several times with the
    final product appearing around 586 BC
  • Written for those who were in exile
  • Written as an encouragement to Jews showing that
    God had been faithful to Gods promise, even
    through a series of disobedient, Jewish Kings

3
Admirable Leadership
  • Both sets of books come from a myriad of sources,
    causing some conflicts within the portrayal of
    certain events
  • Some kings were shown as an example of great
    leadership and others of misleading Israel down
    the path of inequity

4
Samuel Prophet and Judge
  • Samuels story is portrayed by two traditions
    within 1 Samuel 112
  • T 1 Samuel is a seer and prophet who gives
    advice to Saul
  • His authority gives him the ability to name a
    King at the behest of God
  • T 2 Samuel is a judge who rejects the idea of a
    monarchy
  • Appoints his own sons as judges but the people
    demand a king (1 Samuel 85)

5
Unity A Constant Struggle
  • Both stories show a constant fight for unity
    within Israel
  • Theocracy a nation ruled by God
  • Some believe that a formation ruled by a King is
    blasphemous
  • Because of this, the Israelites developed this
    power structure.

6
Feel the Power!
  • God
  • Supreme entity, all things come and flow through
    God
  • Law
  • Given by God, the Covenant to Gods people for
    God
  • King
  • Must follow the Law, there to establish order and
    rule of law
  • People
  • Must follow the King and Law

7
A Kingship Formula
  • The writers of 1 and 2 Kings present the kings
    after Solomon in a formulaic fashion
  • An intro giving the timeframe, then a genealogy,
    and notable accomplishments of the king being
    introduced
  • Then comes details of the kings death, who
    preceded him and allusions to other books or
    sources

8
Technology and Kingship
  • Why were the Hittites such formidable opponents?
    Why were they so influential between 1400 BC and
    1200 BC?
  • One word Iron! The Hittites were one of the
    first societies to move into the Iron age, the
    Philistines eventually mastered this machining
    process
  • Giving them an advantage over the Israelites
  • It because they wanted to solidify Israel that
    they desired a king, or a monarchy

9
My Kingdom for a King!
  • The desire for centralized leadership led to the
    monarchy
  • Kept the unity of the kingdom intact
  • Kept their faith strong with a central source of
    authority
  • Increased their political and economic strength
    against the Philistines and other rivals

10
Centralized Leadership, what a king can do for you
  • The Davidic dynasty became the major dynasty of
    Israel
  • Was thought that the messiah would come from
    Davids lineage
  • Desired to move from 12 Tribes to a nation for a
    unified defense
  • The Davidic line starts with King Saul

11
King Saul c. 1020-1000 BC
  • A troubled king
  • Could not form a centralized government
  • Died by his own sword in a battle with the
    Philistines
  • Samuel was the first to recognize and anoint Saul
  • During Sauls reign he lost the confidence of the
    people of Israel
  • It was thought that God had left Saul and an evil
    spirit replaced God

12
King David (c. 1000-961)
  • Several Traditions as to how David became king
  • Davids harp playing caught the attention of
    Saul, who made him his armor bearer
  • Samuel noticed David and anointed him as the
    chosen one
  • David and Goliath

13
King David (c. 1000-961)
  • David and Goliath (1 Samuel 17)
  • Saul and the Israelites are fighting the
    Philistines in Judah. Twice a day for forty days
    Goliath comes out and challenges the Israelites
    to send a man down to fight him to decide the
    battle in a single fight. Everyones afraid.
  • One day, David comes down bringing food and water
    to his older brothers. After being told about the
    situation David, then a young boy, accepted the
    challenge. Saul, after some consternation accepts
    Davids challenge and gives him his armor, which
    David rejects in favor of a sling and five smooth
    stones.
  • The Philistines curse David, he replies "This day
    the LORD will deliver you into my hand, and I
    will strike you down, and cut off your head and
    I will give the dead bodies of the host of the
    Philistines this day to the birds of the air and
    to the wild beasts of the earth that all the
    earth may know that there is a God in Israel, and
    that all this assembly may know that Yahweh saves
    not with sword and spear for the battle is
    Yahweh's, and he will give you into our hand."As
    Goliath charges David, David takes the sling and
    shoots a stone right at Goliaths head, hits him
    square in the forehead and kills him.
  • Saul then sends to inquires to David whose his
    son, David replies I am the son of your servant
    Jesse the Bethlehemite

14
David and Goliath
  • Gustave Dore
  • Wood carving, ink print
  • Awesome photo!

15
An uneasy friendship
  • Saul and David had a rough relationship
  • Saul was threatenedand in turn threatenedDavid
  • David was also Sauls sons friend, Jonathan, and
    married Sauls daughter, Michal

16
The Major Accomplishments of David
  • Anointed king at age 37, ruled a united Israel
    for 40 years
  • Brought the Ark of the Covenant into Jerusalem
  • Defeated the Philistines, Moabites, and Syrians
  • Made Jerusalem his capital, came to be known as
    the City of David

17
The Sin of David
  • 2 Samuel 11
  • David, strolling on the rooftops, sees Bathsheba
    bathing and immediately desired her
  • One problem, she was married to Uriah the
    Hittite, a strong and sturdy soldier
  • David cared not, committed adultery with her and
    she concieved
  • In an effort to cover up the conception, David
    summoned Uriah from battle to rest, in hopes that
    he would have relations with Bathsheba and claim
    the child as his
  • Uriah, a loyal soldier was unwilling to violate
    the ancient rule of service that forbade
    relations during service. He slept in the palace
    instead of his home

18
The Sin of David
  • 2 Samuel 11
  • After repeated efforts to have Uriah to sleep
    with Bathsheba, David realizes that it cannot be
    done
  • David then has his general and army abandon Uriah
    in battle so that he is killed on the front lines
  • Now that Uriahs gone, David marries Bathsheba
  • All is well but.

19
Nathan Davids divine beatdown
  • God sends Nathan the Prophet to reprieve David
  • 121 So the Lord sent Nathan 1  to David. When he
    came to David, 2  Nathan 3  said, 4  There were
    two men in a certain city, one rich and the other
    poor. 122 The rich man had a great many flocks
    and herds. 123 But the poor man had nothing
    except for a little lamb he had acquired. He
    raised it, and it grew up alongside him and his
    children. 5  It used to 6  eat his food, 7  drink
    from his cup, and sleep in his arms. 8  It was
    just like a daughter to him.
  • 124 When a traveler arrived at the rich mans
    home, 9  he did not want to use one of his own
    sheep or cattle to feed 10  the traveler who had
    come to visit him. 11  Instead, he took the poor
    mans lamb and cooked 12  it for the man who had
    come to visit him.
  • 125 Then David became very angry at this man. He
    said to Nathan, As surely as the Lord lives, the
    man who did this deserves to die! 13  126
    Because he committed this cold-hearted crime, he
    must pay for the lamb four times over! 14 

20
Nathan Davids divine beatdown
  • 127 Nathan said to David, You are that man!
    This is what the Lord God of Israel says I
    chose 15  you to be king over Israel and I
    rescued you from the hand of Saul. 128 I gave
    you your masters house, and put your masters
    wives into your arms. 16  I also gave you the
    house of Israel and Judah. And if all that
    somehow seems insignificant, I would have given
    you so much more as well! 129 Why have you shown
    contempt for the word of the Lord by doing evil
    in my 17  sight? You have struck down Uriah the
    Hittite with the sword and you have taken his
    wife as your own! 18  You have killed him with
    the sword of the Ammonites. 1210 So now the
    sword will never depart from your house. For you
    have despised me by taking the wife of Uriah the
    Hittite as your own! 1211 This is what the Lord
    says I am about to bring disaster on you 19 
    from inside your own household! 20  Right before
    your eyes I will take your wives and hand them
    over to your companion. 21  He will have sexual
    relations with 22  your wives in broad daylight!
    23  1212 Although you have acted in secret, I
    will do this thing before all Israel, and in
    broad daylight. 24 
  • 1213 Then David exclaimed to Nathan, I have
    sinned against the Lord! Nathan replied to
    David, Yes, and the Lord has forgiven 25  your
    sin. You are not going to die. 1214 Nonetheless,
    because you have treated the Lord with such
    contempt 26  in this matter, the son who has been
    born to you will certainly die.

21
Bathsheba in her Bath
  • Rembrandt
  • Oil on Canvas, 1654

22
David and Bathsheba
  • Disdero
  • Oil on wood, 1562

23
Abishag at the bed of David, with Bathsheba,
Solomon, and Nathan
  • c. 1435

24
To end the story
  • David and Bathshebas son dies
  • David repents to God Psalm 51
  • David and Bathsheba give birth to a new son,
    Solomon

25
51st Psalm
  • 511 Have mercy on me, O God, because of 3  your
    loyal love!
  • Because of 4  your great compassion, wipe away my
    rebellious acts! 5 
  • 512 Wash away my wrongdoing! 6 
  • Cleanse me of my sin! 7 
  • 513 For I am aware of 8  my rebellious acts
  • I am forever conscious of my sin. 9 
  • 514 Against you you above all 10  I have
    sinned
  • I have done what is evil in your sight.
  • So 11  you are just when you confront me 12 
  • you are right when you condemn me. 13 
  • 515 Look, I was guilty of sin from birth,
  • a sinner the moment my mother conceived me. 14 
  • 516 Look, 15  you desire 16  integrity in the
    inner man 17 
  • you want me to possess wisdom. 18 
  • 517 Sprinkle me 19  with water 20  and I will be
    pure 21 
  • wash me 22  and I will be whiter than snow. 23 
  • 518 Grant me the ultimate joy of being forgiven!
    24 
  • May the bones 25  you crushed rejoice! 26 
  • 519 Hide your face 27  from my sins!
  • Wipe away 28  all my guilt!
  • 5110 Create for me a pure heart, O God! 29 
  • Renew a resolute spirit within me! 30 
  • 5111 Do not reject me! 31 
  • Do not take your Holy Spirit 32  away from me!
    33 
  • 5112 Let me again experience the joy of your
    deliverance!
  • Sustain me by giving me the desire to obey! 34 
  • 5113 Then I will teach 35  rebels your merciful
    ways, 36 
  • and sinners will turn 37  to you.
  • 5114 Rescue me from the guilt of murder, 38  O
    God, the God who delivers me!
  • Then my tongue will shout for joy because of your
    deliverance. 39 
  • 5115 O Lord, give me the words! 40 
  • Then my mouth will praise you. 41 
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