ENGENDERING HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS at TURKISH STATISTICS INSTITUTE TURKSTAT

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ENGENDERING HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS at TURKISH
STATISTICS INSTITUTE (TURKSTAT)
PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEYTURKISH
STATISTICAL INSTITUTE

• Author Deniz UYANIK
• Affiliation TURKISH STATISTICS INSTITUTE

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PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEYTURKISH
STATISTICAL INSTITUTE

• I. Introduction
• II. Gender Statistics Team Gender Studiesat
  TURKSTAT
• III. Household Surveys at Turkish Statistical
  Institute

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I. Introduction
PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEYTURKISH
STATISTICAL INSTITUTE

• Most our gender indicators date back to
  1920s. The first census of population of Turkey
  was carried out in 1927. The data source of
  gender statistics were population censuses until
  household surveys started in 1980s. When we
  observe womens status in education, employment,
  public life, and income, we see that women of
  Turkey have a great progress in the last 85
  years.
• Due to the multidimensional nature of gender
  statistics, the current gender statistics are
  produced through the various surveys of TURKSTAT
  and other public institutions.
• TURKSTAT started an overview of Household
  Surveys with a gender perspective. In this
  process, all the data related to gender in Turkey
  were examined. And, it was decided statistically
  whether the data can be used. As a result of data
  inventory study, the data sources that gender
  statistics and gender indicators can be produced
  were found.

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II. Gender Statistics Team Gender studiesat
TURKSTAT
PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEYTURKISH
STATISTICAL INSTITUTE

• Gender Statistics Team was established in
  1993. The duties of the team are
• To determine the set of gender indicators
• To compile gender indicators from the related
  teams of the institute
• To establish a gender statistics web page and
  update regularly
• To meet information demands for various users

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(continued)
PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEYTURKISH
STATISTICAL INSTITUTE

• To advice questionnaire boards for various
  household surveys in revisions for gender
  perspective
• To collaborate with general Directorate of
  Womens Status of Turkey.
• To collaborate with international organizations
  in providing gender statistics.
• And, to make the Life Satisfaction Survey
  (annually)

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III. Household Surveys at Turkish Statistical
Institute Family Structure Survey
PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEYTURKISH
STATISTICAL INSTITUTE

• Family Structure Survey was carried out in
  2006. It is the first survey of TURKSTAT to
  measure domestic violence. It also contains a
  gender perspective from the beginning to end, and
  from field to data analysis. It is planned to be
  carried out every five years.

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(continued)
PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEYTURKISH
STATISTICAL INSTITUTE

• The survey examines household compositions,
  family types, child care, division of duties at
  home, gender roles, attitudes of individuals
  towards family life, the values, leisure time
  activities, domestic violence, religious
  attitudes, expectations and conditions of the
  elderly, attitudes towards media and European
  Union in relation with family, and many other
  subjects.
• The survey was designed to provide information
  to make visible the status of women, youth and
  elderly. It is also possible to draw out the
  problems and expectations of these population
  groups.

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(continued)
PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEYTURKISH
STATISTICAL INSTITUTE

• The method of the survey was also gender
  sensitive. The interviewers were trained to be
  gender sensitive through interactive video
  conference system of the institute.
• Teams consisting of one female and one male
  interviewers visited houses. The household
  members were interviewed in separate rooms where
  they stayed alone with the interviewer.
• The analysis would also provide the status of
  women and many other indicators for the regions
  of Turkey.

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Household Labor Force Survey
PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEYTURKISH
STATISTICAL INSTITUTE

• Employment, economic activity, occupation,
  employment status, employment in informal sector,
  unemployment information are collected in
  relation with labor market. It is carried out
  monthly and published quarterly. The results are
  given at NUTS 1 level.
• Since 1988, the labor market data is collected
  according to the recommendations and definitions
  of ILO. The questionnaire was revised in line
  with the harmonization of statistics with EU in
  2004. The revisions fully respond the norms and
  standards of European Union.

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(continued)
PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEYTURKISH
STATISTICAL INSTITUTE

• Alongside with regular labor force indicators,
  some important gender indicators that can be
  obtained from Labor Force Survey are
• Work place, as home, field, mobile work place,
  market place etc.
• Reasons for a part-time job, as child care, care
  for adults with special needs, etc. And if the
  reason is one of these, the reasons for looking
  after these people instead of another person or
  an institution are also taken.

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PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEYTURKISH
STATISTICAL INSTITUTE

• Reasons for looking for another work as less
  work hours, more work hours, etc.
• Reasons for not looking for work as child care,
  care for adults with special needs, etc.
• Some examples from the 2007-August Household
  Survey results are
• Labor force partipication rate was 49.3 for
  overall Turkey, it was 72.9 for men and it was
  26.1 for women.
• Of total employment amounting to 17 million 324
  thousand for men, 80.5 were employed in
  non-agricultural sector. Of total employment
  amounting to 6 million 224 thousand for women,
  49 were employed in non-agricultural sector.

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Life Satisfaction Research
PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEYTURKISH
STATISTICAL INSTITUTE

• The purpose of the research is to measure the
  general happiness perception of the individual,
  the general satisfaction from main life areas
  (health and social security, education, work,
  income, personal security and justice services,
  personal development and personal support
  network) and to follow up the changes in this
  satisfaction in time.
• Life Satisfaction Survey has been carried out
  since 2003. It is carried out annually. The
  interviewers were trained to be gender sensitive
  through interactive video conference system of
  the institute.

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Household Budget Survey
PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEYTURKISH
STATISTICAL INSTITUTE

• It is necessary to determine the consumption
  structure and the expenditure behaviors of the
  country. They should also be updated and should
  be used in price indexes. It is carried out
  annually, and the estimate level is NUTS 1.
  Turkish Statistics Institute carries out
  household expenditure and income surveys with
  certain periods in order to
• Determine the household expenditures,
• The variety of needs
• The changes in consumption behaviors
• The income of households
• And, socio-economic characteristics of the
  households
• The Survey has a gender perspective through
  questions on in come from home based jobs, which
  are mostly done by women.

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Poverty
PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEYTURKISH
STATISTICAL INSTITUTE

• Since 2002, Household Budget Survey are carried
  out annually and the poverty analysis are held
  using these data.
• The indicators obtained by poverty analysis
  are
• absolute poverty threshold
• relative poverty threshold
• the population with a daily expenditure
  per capita below 1, 2.15 and 4.3
• The data was collected for both women and men.
  The household based analysis and measurements do
  not enable to make the poverty of women visible.
  Further studies are planned for poverty analysis.
  

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Earning Structure Survey
PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEYTURKISH
STATISTICAL INSTITUTE

• The first Earning Structure Survey was carried
  out in 2006. It is planned to be carried out
  every four years. The purpose of the survey is to
  collect information on weekly normal work hours,
  average gross hourly payments, average gross
  monthly earnings, average gross annual earnings.
  The results will be given by age, sex, education,
  length of service, and other demographic
  variables. The variables are going to be
  monitored in the future.
• The Earnings Structure Survey will enable the
  calculation of Gender Pay Gap in 2008.

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Time Use Survey
PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEYTURKISH
STATISTICAL INSTITUTE

• The main purpose of the survey is to measure
  the time spent for the various activities of the
  population. The participants in the households
  fill in a dairy. The first time use survey was
  carried out in 2006. It is planned to be carried
  out every five years. It is possible to give
  estimates by rural and urban localities of
  Turkey.
• The survey provides information on
• How people combine professional activities with
  family life
• Housework and economic activities
• Childcare
• Leisure time activities and many other subjects.
• The survey can be evaluated with a gender
  perspective in the following days. The results of
  2006 household survey puts forward that most
  domestic activities of women are economic
  activities.

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Adult Education Survey
PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEYTURKISH
STATISTICAL INSTITUTE

• The Adult Education Survey is held for the first
  time in Turkey. It is planned to be carried out
  every five years. The questionnaire was designed
  on the basis of EUROSTAT questionnaire.
• The indicators to be drawn from this database
  are
• Reasons not to participate in education and
  trainings by sex
• The cost of life long learning for an individual
• Previous and current participation types of
  different population groups (for example by age,
  sex, educational attainment, employment status)
  in adult education

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(continued)
PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEYTURKISH
STATISTICAL INSTITUTE

• The results of the survey will highly affect
  gender policies. They will help to carry our
  policies to increase the level of education for
  women. Thus it will provide gender equality in
  education. The policies in adult education will
  increase the personal and communal benefits. Well
  utilized adult education indicators will provide
  a rapid social development.
• The indicators about the educational costs
  allocated to women are planned to be developed.
  The indicators may result in gender sensitive
  budgeting.
• As gender statistics team, we advised on the
  questionnaire to include a gender perspective.

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Domestic Tourism Survey For Households
PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEYTURKISH
STATISTICAL INSTITUTE

• Domestic Tourism Survey for households covers
  all individuals in households in Turkey. The
  domestic travels, the tourism expenditures and
  information about travels are collected through
  the survey. It will be carried out every five
  years. However, a smaller sample survey will be
  carried out each year for estimates. The
  tabulations are given by age, sex, education,
  occupation and other variables. The results will
  be given in NUTS1, Rural and Urban of Turkey.

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EU Statistics On Income And Living Conditions
(SILC)
PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEYTURKISH
STATISTICAL INSTITUTE

• The aim of SILC is to define the distribution
  of income within households and persons. The
  survey is a panel survey carried out in order to
  measure living conditions of people, social
  exclusion, and poverty through an income
  dimension.
• The survey is carried out annually since 2005.
  And the results will be given in Rural and Urban
  of Turkey.