Lab 4 ZigBee

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Lab 4ZigBee 802.15.4 with PICDEM Z Boards

• 55088
• Spring 2006

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Everyone has heard of 802.11

• IEEE 802.11 features
• Ethernet matching speed,
• Long range(30-90m)
• Complexity to handle seamless roaming
• Message forwarding
• Data throughput of 2-11Mbit/s

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what about 802.15?

• Specializes in Wireless PAN (Personal Area
  Network) standards
• 802.15.1 a.k.a. Bluetooth(1 Mbps)
• 802.15.2 - Deals with coexistence of Wireless LAN
  (802.11) and Wireless PAN
• 802.15.3 - High-rate WPAN standards (Wireless
  USB)
• 802.15.4 a.k.a ZigBee

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What is ZigBee about?

• ZigBee can be found in embedded applications
  requiring low data rates and low power
  consumption
• Fortunately, it is (relatively) low complexity as
  well
• Applications include
• Embedded sensors
• Medical devices
• Smoke and intruder alarms
• Home automation

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How does ZigBee form networks?

• Basic Type Star Networks

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How does ZigBee form networks?

• More Complex Cluster Network

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How does ZigBee form networks?

• Very Complex Mesh Networks

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What does this have to do with 55088?

• Lab 4 will be using 802.15.4 radios to create a
  wireless serial link between two nodes
• Each group will be provided with the pair of
  wireless radios on development boards from
  Microchip
• These kits are NOT to be removed from the lab

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PICDEM Z Boards
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CC2420 Radio IC

• 2.4 GHz RF Transceiver
• Connect to microcontrollers via SPI
• Comes on a daughter board with the PICDEM Z kit
• 250 kbps data rate
• 2.1V 3.6V
• 19.7 mA (RX)
• 17.4 mA (TX)

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18LF4620
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18LF4620

• Microcontroller found with the PICDEM Z kits
• Overall, very similar to the 18F452
• Use the MPLAB and C18 compiler to write code for
  the PIC

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Lab 4 Overview

• A text-input GUI on a computer will connect via
  RS-232 to one of the PICDEM Z boards (well call
  this the Base Station)
• The other PICDEM Z board will be connected to a
  Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) that will display
  the text messages from the base station (well
  call this the Remote Station)

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Lab 4 Overview

• The remote station will have a couple of
  switches which will either indicate an on or
  off state
• The switch states need to be sent back to the
  base station and displayed on the base station GUI

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PICDEM Z with LCD
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GUI Layout on Base Station

• Use whatever language you wish to create the GUI

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Tools that you will use

• Microchip has developed code that makes
  interfacing with the 802.15.4 radios vastly
  easier
• This is called the stack

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Tools that you will use

• In order to utilize the stack
• MPLAB v 7.31
• C18 Compiler
• Microchip ZigBee stack v 3.3
• Look at example files
• C\MpZBee\Source\HCLight\
• C\MpZBee\Source\HCRouter\
• C\MpZBee\Source\HCSwitchC\
• Do NOT alter files in the Stack directory as this
  could cause the computer (or worse, the TA) to
  explode
• Look, but dont touch

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Zigbee.def

• This file should be one of the first files you
  create
• It selects many key parameters that will define
  how a particular node will operate
• Specify Coordinator, Router, or End Device
• Frequencies to operate on
• Power mode
• Node address
• As well as many others

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Callback functions

• In the application code that you will be
  writing/modifying there are a few required
  functions
• These callback functions are named because the
  stack calls back to the application to gather
  more data
• Definitions and examples can be found in AN965
  and documentation on the current version of the
  stack

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Callback function example

• In a coordinator node, we may wish to determine
  weather it is okay to accept another node trying
  to associate with the network
• BOOL AppOkayToAcceptThisNode(LONG_ADDR longAddr)
• if (first three bytes of its MAC address match
  the coordinator)
• return TRUE
• else
• return FALSE

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