Ernest Hemingway

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Ernest Hemingway
1899 - 1961

• HIS LIFE

WORKS
AND
M.Guese
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Ernest Hemingway
His life is documentated in detail , his works
are well-established and have been object of a
great number of literary dissertations. Besides
William Faulkner, F. Scott Fitzgerald, John
Steinbeck and John Dos Passos -Hemingway belongs
to the great narrators of the American modern
literature.
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A Midwestern Boyhood, 1899-1917
Both of Hemingway's grandfathers fought in the
Civil War and the family was proud of its
military traditions. Ernest was also fascinated
by the wars and heros at the turn of the century
the Spanish-American War (1898) the Boer War
(1899-1902) and the Russo-Japanese War
(1904-05), which inspired him to collect military
cartoons. Ernest loved to read the Old Testament
when he was a boy because it was so full of
battles. Hemingway following in the tradition of
his grandfathers and of Teddy Roosevelt, went to
five wars in Italy, Turkey, Spain, China and
France.
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1899 - 1917
Ernest Miller Hemingway was born second of five
children on 21 July 1899. He grew up in Oak
Park/Illinois with his parents Grace Hall and
Clarence Edmond Hemingway. He attended the Oak
Park High School. The atmosphere at Oak Park and
the influence of Hemingway's parents were as
important as the events of his childhood. Oak
Park residents' activities were centered in their
churches, their schools and their civic
organizations. The citizens where white,
protestant, provincial, exclusive and prosperous.
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1918 - 1922
1918Ernest went to the Italian front with the
Red Cross. He was wounded in Fossalta and brought
to a lazarett in Mailand, where he met Agnes
Kurowsky.
1919Hemingway returned to Oak Park and made
hisfirst literary steps, though not very
successfully.
1921Hadley and Hemingway married in Horton Bay.
Both travelled to France in December. He
worked as correspondent and did journalistic
pieces of work for the "Toronto Star". Those jobs
lead Hemingway to Switzerland, Spain, Italy and
the Near East. He began to write for himself,
too.
1920 He got a job at the "Toronto Star". Later he
returned to Oak Park. He spent the summer in
Michigan as usual. Another literary work took him
to Chicago. He developed an important friendship
with Hadley Richardson and Sherwood Anderson.
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1923 - 1927
1923The first trip to Pamplona, Spain.
Hemingway's first son John Hadley Nicanor (Bumby)
was born. In the same year"Three Stories and Ten
Poems" was published. Its price 2.00. The
first and only limited edition consisted of 300
copies
1926"The Sun Also Rises" published on 22
October, 1926, at 2.00. The first edition
consisted of 5090 copies.
1927Hadley and Hemingway separated and he
married Pauline. "Men Without Women" was
published in the same year.
1925Hemingway met Pauline Pfeiffer and F. Scott
Fitzgerald for the first time. He published "In
Our Times" on May, 1925 at 2.00. The first print
consisted of 1335 copies.
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1928 - 1935
1928Both returned to USA. In Key West Patrick,
his second son, was born. Hemingway's father
Clarence committed suicide in December. "A
Farewell to Arms" was published in 1929 at 2,50.
The first printing consisted of 31050 copies.
1933/34Hemingway made his first trip to Africa
with Pauline. He joined a safari.
1935"Green Hills of Africa" was published by
10550 copies at 2.75.
1931 Hemingway purchased the house No. 907
Whitehead Street, Key West and undertook another
journey to Spain. Hemingway published his book
"Death in the Afternoon". First 10300 copies.
Price3.50. His third son Gregory was born.
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1936 - 1939
1936At "Sloppy Joe's", Key West he got to know
Martha Gellhorn. Hemingway started a collection
to support the Spanisch Republic. He wrote the
short story "The Snow of Kilimanjaro"
1937In commission of NANA, Hemingway untertook
a trip to Spain. The novel "To Have and Have
Not" was finished and printed.
1938 Hemingway began to work on a play called
"The Fifth Column"
1939Hemingway lived in Cuba and began to work on
his novel "For Whom the Bell Tolls"
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1940 - 1946
1940Pauline and Hemingway got divorced and he
married Martha Gellhorn in Wyoming. He bought the
Finca Vigia. In the time of 1942 - 1944 he drove
with his ship "Pilar", a submarine -trap and
-hunter.
1944Hemingway went to London for "Collier's". He
got to know Mary Welsh. Hemingway's son Bumby was
missing. He became friend with Charles T. Lanham.
1943 His wife Martha reported for the newspaper
"Collier's" about WWII. Together they visited the
Asian places of war.
1945Hemingway returned to Cuba with his sons
Patrick and Gregory. He visited Mary at Finca
Vigia. The missing son Bumby returned out of
capture. In October Hemingway began to write the
four novellas "Over the River and into the
Trees", "The Old Man and the Sea", "Isles in
stroma" and "The Garden of Eden". He separated
from Martha Gellhorn.
1946 Hemingway married Mary Welsh in Havanna in
March
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1947 - 1950
1947Hemingway visits Pauline at Finca Vigia.
In this year Hemingway was in Michigan and
Idaho.
1949Hemingway began a duckhunt- story on
Veneto, which was the point of exit for the
novel "Across the River and into the Trees". This
novell was published in 1950. He travelled to
Europe
1948 He began to work on the novell "The Garden
of Eden". On an Italia-Voyage with his wife Mary,
they met Adriana Ivancich.
1950A Stay in Venice and Paris and back to
Cuba. He finished to work on "Isles in stroma".
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1951 - 1954
1951Hemingway began with the novel "The Old Man
and the Sea". His mother and Pauline died.
1953With financial help by "LOOK" he started to
travel to Europe and tooke another Africa safari.
1952 The famous novel "The Old Man andthe Sea"
was published in the "LIFE"-Magazine. Five
millions pieces were sold in 48 hours. He got the
Pulitzer-Price.
1954He survived two aircraft crashes in Africa.
He began with "True at First Light". Hemingway
was awarded the Nobel-Price.
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1956 - 1961
1957"A Movable Feast" was published
1961Hemingway left the Mayo Hospital and tried
to suicid and got electroshocks again.
1959 The Cuba-Revolution. "The Dangerous Summer"
was published
1960Very depressing condition at Cuba. During a
stay in Spain, he suffered from persecution
mania. Return to New York. His depressing
impressions go on, further he got his first
electroshocktherapy.
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2. July 1961
Ernest Hemingway shut himself down in his house
in Ketchum, Idaho On 5. July Hemingway was
burried with great sympathy of press and TV.