Strategy and Experience of Sensor Networking R

1
Strategy and Experience of Sensor Networking RD
in WIDE Project
Hiroshi Esaki, Ph.D. Professor, The University of
Tokyo Board member, WIDE Project Board of
Trustee, ISOC
2
What is our goal toward the Eco-System

• Back-Ground
• There are many systems/networks with IP
• Still, there are many non-IP systems/networks
• Networks and Systems are tend to be Fragmented...
• Objective and Goal
• Avoiding the fragmentation of IP systems/networks
• Encourage the collaboration among sub-systems
• Explore the Eco-System, that deliver the
  cheapest system deployment , while delivering
  innovations.

3
What is our goal toward the Eco-System

• Back-Ground
• There are many systems/networks with IP
• Still, there are many non-IP systems/networks
• Networks and Systems are tend to be Fragmented...
• Objective and Goal
• Avoiding the fragmentation of IP systems/networks
• Encourage the collaboration among sub-systems
• Explore the Eco-System, that deliver the
  cheapest system deployment , while delivering
  innovations.

Beyond the Green ICT/IT, the Cheapest (i.e.,
Eco) Innovative Infrastructure Development
4
Necessity of Eco-Systemfor Sustainability(???)

• Independency(???)
• Autonomous(???)
• Interactions(??), i.e., connectivity(???) and
  cooperation (????)

5
Technical Challenges

• DTN Delay/Disruption Tolerant Networking
• Message routing, e.g., XML routing
• For L2 and L3 technical diversity
• Spatial (e.g., Location) information
• Practical Ad Hoc Networking
• Cloud Computing and iDC management
• Standardization with larger stake-holders

6
Breathing Earth
http//www.sensorium.org/breathingearth/index.html
7
AGENDA

• Green University of Tokyo Project
• Live E! Project
• Location aware networking, e.g., WiL
• Mobile networking applications

8
AGENDA

• Green University of Tokyo Project
• Flagship testbed using real academic facility
• Establish the consortium for deployment
• Toward the global standardization with Cisco/IBM
  
• Live E! Project
• Location aware networking, e.g., WiL
• Mobile networking applications

9
Green Campus Project empowered by ICT Green
University of Tokyo Project

• http//www.v6pc.jp/jp/ut2eco/

10
How to use the sensor networke.g., saving energy
in building system
1. Energy saving and preserving the Earth is
now Global agenda, while there is an
economical benefit and incentive for private
companies. 2. Integration of separated
sub-systems, e.g., Air-conditioning,
lightening, security, IT.

• Huge operational cost
• Large energy (e.g., gas, electricity) cost
• About 30 energy saving has achieved !
• Proprietary technologies
• Large complex has more than 200K monitoring and
  controlling points
• Each systems use different technology
• ? Let it with open TCP/IP technology (i.e., IPv6)
• COP3 by United Nation
• 10-30 energy saving

Large number of sensors/actuators they has
NOT/NEVER cooperated. People start to realize
the benefit of open system, i.e., IP.

• Improve portfolio
• Increase asset value

11
Life-time cost in Building System
Life time portfolio (in office building)
Yearly portfolio (in office building)
Design cost
Repair
Initial Cost
General and Administration Expenses
Cleaning
Construction cost
Depreciation and amortization
Maintenance Out-sourcing
Electricity 22.4
Maintenance
Tax for Fixed Asset
Repair Renew
Oil, Gas Water
The University of Tokyo pays 60M/year on
Electricity !!!
Source http//www.satobenec.co.jp/products/lcc/e
nergy/concept/concept.html
12
Facility management
Toward the Green (or Eco) City
IPv6 based P2P control of facilities - Status of
elevators, AC or ventilators, movement of guests
in the museum, temperature of rooms, surveillance
camera images may be monitored in a facility
management center. - Shared use of networks among
IP phone, Internet access and facility
management. - Cost reduction - Where experts
analysis of data on the number of guests in
respective rooms and temperatures are available,
it is possible to minimize energy consumption.
(1) Tokyo Metropolitan HQ Buildings
Has decides to Introduce IPv6 Based
OPEN Facility Controlling System (2)
Replacing Control System in Old Facilities,
Which Use Inefficient Engine (i.e., poor
fuel efficiency) Consuming a Lot of
Unnecessary Energy.
Analysis of data by experts
Meteorological data
Secure access control
Surveillance camera
Energy consumption analysis
Obtain facility data
TV phone
Entry sensor
vendor A
Thermometers
Status of elevators
IPv6 Internet
Building facility management system
Museum
Centralized control/ Remote maintenance
Facility management center
Minimize energy usage based on analysis of
facility data
Theater
theater
museum
Total energy fluctuations
Rationalizing day-to-day management of facilities
using remote maintenance
m2m-x access control server
Weather data
Number of guests
Centralized facility management system
13
Special Project at the Univ. of TokyoGreen ICT
Building

• Building No.2, Hongo Campus
• Targeted reduction
• 154M USD (in 2012), 5030M USD (in 2030)
• 12 floor high, RD and RE activities
• Established October 2005, Start of Operation in
  March of 2006
• More than saving energy
• Forming RD consortium

14
Mission Statement

• Contribution to TSCP (Todai Sustainable Campus
  Project)
• 15 reduction in 2012, 50 reduction in 2030.
• Green IT campus
• Reduce power consumption by ICT equipments
• Contribution to Environmental issues of our Earth
• New operation and design model of campus
• Testbed operation for the evaluation and
  establishment of Green facility networking and
  controlling, at the flag-ship facility in
  Metropolitan TOKYO.
• Cooperative facility networking
• Explore the new business
• Referenced procurement specification for campus
• Specification of Benchmarking and RoI for saving
  energy

15
Participants
Estb.June 09, 2008

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• LONMARK JAPAN
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• WIDE??????
• IPv6??????????
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16
Participants
Estb.June 09, 2008

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• IPv6??????????
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17
Participants
Estb.June 09, 2008

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• WIDE??????
• IPv6??????????
• ?????
• ?????
• ??????

Stakeholders on Facility Business -
Developer, e.g., landlord - General
Contractor/Constractor - System Integrator
- System Designer - ICT Vendor -
Component vendor, e.g., sensor -
Standardization Body - RD organization,
e.g., University - Local government, e.g.,
Tokyo
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?????????2????????
Integration of legacy systems
?????
Visualization
Web??
I/F
??
Analysis
???
??
??
??
Data Center
??
??
??
Reaction / control
???
IPv4/6
???????????
?? ???
BACnet /WS
LON
PC
BX
??LAN
DU
BCRN
CSV
AP
WEB
ID
Savic ??
EHP ????
GHP ????
N-MAST ????
???? ????
DU
BCRN
AP
ID
DU
BCRN
AP
PLC
ID
AP
CT
?????
?????? ??EHP???????
Air Condition (EHP)
??? ???
Air-Condition (GHP)
Lightening
?? (200V)
???? ???? (100V)
????
?????(??????)
Integration with IP
Security System
Additional System
19
?????????2????????

• Sub-systems have never cooperated to each
  other...
• Enough stupid to deny the cooperation and
  coordination..
• Isolated and proprietary sub-systems..
• ? Expensive and Stupid System
• i.e., ???

Integration of legacy systems
?????
Visualization
Web??
I/F
??
Analysis
???
??
??
??
Data Center
??
??
??
Reaction / control
???
IPv4/6
???????????
?? ???
BACnet /WS
LON
PC
BX
??LAN
DU
BCRN
CSV
AP
WEB
ID
Savic ??
EHP ????
GHP ????
N-MAST ????
???? ????
DU
BCRN
AP
ID
DU
BCRN
AP
PLC
ID
AP
CT
?????
?????? ??EHP???????
Air Condition (EHP)
??? ???
Air-Condition (GHP)
Lightening
?? (200V)
???? ???? (100V)
????
?????(??????)
Integration with IP
Security System
Additional System
20
Inter-Connecting Fragmented Nets. Routing
Global XML Routing Local IP and
others () Similar to DTN
Yokogawa Exaquantum Server
Green University Tokyo Server
Live-E! Server
BACnet/WS
BACnet/WS
oBIX
oBIX
Common communication protocol (i.e., Live-E,
oBIX, BACnet/WS)
oBIX
BACnet/WS
BACnet/WS
BACnet/WS
Rocho OA
Yokogawa Human Detector
Panasonic Elec. Works N-MAST
Panasonic Electrical Volume
Live-E Weather sensor
Aichi Metering
CIMX Electric Volume
oBIXGW LonMark
Yamatake SAVIC
GHP
EHP
Water
Gas
Air conditioning
Lights
Metering
100V/200V Power Supply
Weather
21
Inter-Connecting Fragmented Nets. Routing
Global XML Routing Local IP and
others () Similar to DTN
Yokogawa Exaquantum Server
Green University Tokyo Server
Live-E! Server
BACnet/WS
BACnet/WS
oBIX
oBIX
Common communication protocol (i.e., Live-E,
oBIX, BACnet/WS)
oBIX
BACnet/WS
BACnet/WS
BACnet/WS
Rocho OA
Yokogawa Human Detector
Panasonic Elec. Works N-MAST
Panasonic Electrical Volume
Live-E Weather sensor
Aichi Metering
CIMX Electric Volume
oBIXGW LonMark
Yamatake SAVIC
GHP
EHP
Water
Gas
Air conditioning
Lights
Metering
100V/200V Power Supply
Weather
22
Referenced System Architecture for
standardization
23
Real-time monitoring of Electric Power
Consumption with CIMX Inc.
24
Lights Control and Monitoringby Messenger
Available commands Get address Get state
Turn on/off
IM-BX Translator (Installed at MEW Tokyo HQ)
Internet
Univ. of Tokyo_at_Hongo
Internet IPv6/IPv4
Anywhere On any platform
25
Lightening System Installation
Powered by Panasonic Electronic Works
26
Measurement via PLC for 100V appliances
Powered by Panasonic
27
Experimental operation UBITEQ, Panasonic EW,
Cisco Systems, Yamatake
In operation since Nov.15,2008
28
Energy saving at the computer room using the
optical fiber
Distribution of temperature distribution can be
monitored
???????????????? ???????????? ??????????????
??????????
Optical fiber
29
Installation of fiber at the racks
30
Improvement of temperature distribution
BEFORE
AFTER
31
Reaction putting the air-pipes
????????????????????? ????? ???????????????(??????
)
???????
????
???????
32
Result can increase the target temperature
??????????
??????? ? ????????? ?????????
?????????????? ?????20? ? 25?
33
On Going RD

• VM migration based on Xen platform in Esaki-Lab
  PCs (30 PCs) with NEC CiTRIX
• Integration of local field-buss into UBITEQ box
• BACnet, LonWorks, PanasonicEW-light, Yamatake
• Cisco System (Japan) has joined
• Integration with Live E! system (Sensor Network)
  
• PC activity management and control with Big-FIX
• Collaboration with
• Chunghwa Telecom TWNIC at Taiwan
• ADB(Asian Development Bank) HQ in Manila
• EUs project

34
Yet, Another On Going RD

• Standardization
• NIST_at_USA , ASHRE, IETF(with Cisco)
• Green IT Project Leaded by METI Japan
• Green Data Center (with IBM Japan)
• Japan Data Center Forum (with Softbank IDC)

35
AGENDA

• Green University of Tokyo Project
• Live E! Project
• Weather sensor network for multiple-purposes,
  e.g., natural disaster, education, business
• Location aware networking, e.g., WiL
• Mobile networking applications

36
Live E! Project-- Sensor network for the
earth Sharing the any information for
innovations
Re-run the deployment of yet another
information infrastructure based on the internet
architecture
37

• Let available any digital information computing
  device or resource on the earth for any device on
  the earth, for other usage
• Single resource (platform), for multiple uses.

38
Deployment in Asian Countries
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Dense Installation Areas

• Minato-ku in Metropolitan Tokyo
• Education for elementary schools
• Public service, e.g., against heat-island
  phenomenon or evacuation guide for earthquake
• Kurashiki City in Okayama
• Disaster protection (against flooding by heavy
  rain)
• Education for elementary and junior high schools
• Marunouchi-District in Tokyo

41
Warning system for citizen, in the case of heavy
rain, as a professional public service (in
Kurashiki City)
27 Live E! node has installed at schools. There
is only ONE government sensor in the city !!
Kurashiki
http//www.city.kurashiki.okayama.jp/
42
Heavy Rain in Tokyo, Aug.29, 2008
43
Live E! Project Expand to Aisia
44
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• New Installation
• Malaysia
• Fiji
• Vietnam
• Sri Lanka
• Pakistan
• China
• India
• Myanmar
• Bangladesh
• New Zealand
• Cambodia

• Existing Installation
• Taiwan, ROC
• Thailand
• Indonesia
• Philippine

• Other Installation
• Egypt, France, Canada, Japan

46
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AGENDA

• Green University of Tokyo Project
• Live E! Project
• WiL and Location aware networking
• WiFi is everywhere
• Mobile networking applications

48
WiFi Everywhere
Wide spread of wireless LAN
RSSI
BSSID, Latitude, Longitude

• Wireless LAN has become popular infrastructure
• A large number of position estimation system
  using wireless LAN have been developed

49
WiL WIDE Internet Lighthouse (City
View) (WiLLocky PlaceEngine)
1km
Total 878 1km??
50
WiL WIDE Internet Lighthouse (Suburb View)
1km

Total 278 3.5 unit /100m100m
51
How to collect a data efficiently

• Experiment
• Collecting WiFi data for same route
• 47days from 2006/03/212006/06/29
• Area Nagoya , Route length 10km
• Includes both Business area, residential are
• Evaluation
• Use a whole data before the collection day

WiFi card
GPS
PC
Route Map in Nagoya
Data Collection
52
The Number of Found AccessPoints.
War Walking 2005
Even now (Fall 2005) Almost All Areas are covered!
Yokohama
Gotanda
t
53
WiFi Location Technology

• Every WiFi Access Point(AP) has followings
• ESSID (String)
• BSSID 6 byte vendor assigned unique address
  (MAC)
• Construct a database with BSSID and Position
• One can estimate the position just receive a
  WiFi BSSID.
• A lot of WiFi APs are already exist in the Wild.
• One can easily add new APs by oneself.
• Can increase accuracy by adding APs.
• Each AP do not requires network access for
  positioning.

Important Points
54
GPS vs WiFi Location
From , Delivering Real-World Ubiquitous Location
Systems, C. ACM 2006.
55
Locky.jp Project

• WiFi Location Portal for Japan
• Data Collection of WiFi AP(BSSID) Location
• Place Information
• Begins July 2005
• Currently, we have collected
• more than 390,000 APs currently

56
Tokyo APs plotted on GoogleEarth
57
Nagoya Area , Over 40000APs
58
Tokyo area ( over 50000 AP)
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Current Status of Locky.jp

• Over 390,000 WiFi locations in Japan

No. of WL
No. of collaborator
Month
62
AGENDA

• Green University of Tokyo Project
• Live E! Project
• Location aware networking, e.g., WiL
• Mobile networking applications

63
Mobile Unwired Complex
64
Some Researched in Esaki-Lab.

• HIKARI System
• Student from Mozambique
• Collaboration with LIP6/CNRS in Paris (France)
• DTN with Pub/Sub model for message delivery
• For country sides in Mozambique
• Could apply to metropolitan and to Inter-Planet
• Ad Hoc Network with MIMO
• Integration of Layer 2 quality

65
WiFi Mesh Network in San Francisco
66
Google Network in Mountain View

• Single-radio Architecture
• 1 million USD
• 11.5 sq. miles
• 380 Tropos APs
• 1/6 APs Alvarion GW
• 3 Bandwidth aggregation points

67
WajanBolic 2.4GHz Antenna

• Wajan fry pan
• Mr. Gun from Purwakarta, Indonesia
• http//e-goen.wajanbolic.web.id/
• 802.11b
• 4km range

68
Wireless Mesh Network for Disaster Areas
69
P2P Experiments for Mobile Internet
Peer to Peer
Non P2P
P2P
??? (????)
?
?
?
?
?
?
??
??
??
??
70
Aichi Expo 2006
?????? ??????
71
New Communication Model

• Sender
• 1) adds the metadata which describes
• Destination point, Duration,
• and Content ID to the content.
• 2) then send it to one-hop neighbors which happen
  to meet.

Receivers Mediators prompt the content to be
transferred to the destination point, .and to be
remained around the destination area during the
duration by cooperation of scattered mobile nodes.
Content Cruising System
Metadata (COMPASS)
Content
72
Overview of Data Transmission (at the beginning
of demonstration)
73
Overview of Data Transmission (few minutes
after the beginning)
74
Metropolitan design Real-Space Internet with IPv6
Source Matsushita Electric Works
Crime prevention system Intelligent Navigation
Environment Purification / Recycling
Recycling System
Local Energy Management (supply, storage,
monitoring, saving)
waste processing plant
Intelligent community (BBS)
power plant
Factory
Video contents distribution
Local Security Management (Prevention of crime
and fire)
Office
Intelligent Location Information Service
Care facilities
Area Management System
Hospital
home
Intelligent local government (risk management,
monitoring, data management)
Police Station
Electronic Commerce
Convenience store
Health Care Medical Check
Local Government
school
Cyber library Cyber museum
Cyber public space service
Local Safety Management (Location, Health Care)
One-stop admin. service Electronic election
75
Innovation of Metropolitan Design Principle

• Foods(Water)
• Religious (Information(Authority, Wisdom) )
• Exported goods(logisticsinform.)
• Transportation(ship, train, car)
• Energy (Coal, Atomic, Solar) and Information
  network

76
What is the impact/implication of Electronic Car
?

• Communication among car
• Avoiding the traffic congestion
• Virtual car-train
• Remove the combustion engine
• Why car need long distance driving capacity ?
• Car can be into the living room
• Car does not need to use wheel
• Car can be small enough

77
Innovation of Metropolitan Design Principle
Past requirements Agriculture (river,
canal) Manufacturing (logisticstrain,
road) Future Control of Energy and
information flow with ubiquitous energy sources
? SCM of energy flow
78
What we (really) expected ?

• Win-Win relationship between Environment
  /Energy-saving and Ubiquitous networking
• Step.1 Mandatory components
• Sensors and actuators network
• Collaborative operation among individual
  components
• Control the energy flow using the information
• Step.2 Ubiquitous digital space sharing all the
  digital information
• () Each equipments and components are already
  paid-off !!
• Step.3 Invention and innovation for new
  applications

This is the internet End-to-End Model
79
What is our goal toward the Eco-System
Beyond the Green IT

• Back-Ground
• There are many systems/networks with IP
• Still, there are many non-IP systems/networks
• Networks and Systems are tend to be Fragmented...
• Objective and Goal
• Avoiding the fragmentation of IP systems/networks
• Encourage the collaboration among sub-systems
• Explore the Eco-System, that deliver the
  cheapest system deployment , while delivering
  innovations.

80
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