Integrating GPS and GIS Technologies into 4H Youth Programs

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Integrating GPS and GIS Technologies into 4-H
Youth Programs

• Michael J. Buschermohle
• Precision Agricultural Specialist
• University of Tennessee Extension

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Overview

• What is Global Positioning System (GPS)
• How GPS works
• Types of GPS receivers
• What is a Geographic Information System (GIS)
• Integrating GPS and GIS into 4-H programs

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What is GPS

• GPS is a navigational system that can accurately
  locate your position anytime, anywhere, and
  regardless of weather on Earth
• Satellite-based navigation systems made up of a
  network of 24 satellites placed into orbit by
  the U.S. Department of Defense
• Satellites orbit the earth at an altitude of
  about 12,500 miles
• Radio signals from the satellites can be used
  to determine accurate georeferenced position
  information

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Satellite Signal

• Satellites broadcast several pieces of
  information
• Emphemeris (Orbital) data
• Timing data

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How Does GPS Work
Speed of light 186,000 mi/sec
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Trilateration
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Sources of GPS Error

• Clock Errors
• Atmospheric Interference
• Ephemeris (Orbital) Variation
• Satellite Configuration
• Signal Multipath

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Sources of GPS Error
Clock Errors
Lets put some numbers on it Altitude 12,500
mi. Speed of light 186,000 mi/sec Transmission
Time 0.067 sec What happens if we are off a
little? 0.001 sec 186,000 mi/sec 186 mi
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Sources of GPS Error
Atmospheric Interference
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Sources of GPS Error
Ephemeris (Orbital) Variation
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Sources of GPS Error
Satellite Configuration
Good (low) DOP
Poor (high) DOP
Measure of the geometrical strength of the GPS
satellite configuration
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Sources of GPS Error
Signal Multipath
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Counteracting GPS Errors

• Land-Based Differential Correction
• Satellite-Based Differential Correction
• User Base Station RTK Correction

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Counteracting GPS Errors
Land-Based Differential GPS Correction
Coast Guard Beacon
Differential Correction Codes
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Counteracting GPS Errors
Satellite-Based Differential GPS Correction
Differential Correction Codes
WAAS Omnistar Deere
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Counteracting GPS Errors
Kinematic Differential GPS Correction
Operators Base Station
Differential Correction Codes
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GPS Receivers
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Basic Navigation Information Supplied by GPS
Receivers

• Your current position
• Coordinates (Latitude and Longitude, UTM, etc.)
• Elevation
• Direction to specified waypoints
• Distance to specified waypoints
• Your speed of travel
• Your direction of travel

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Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
GIS is a collection of computer hardware,
software, and geographic data for capturing,
managing, analyzing, and displaying all forms of
geographically referenced information.
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GIS Maps are Based on Layers
Capitals
Rivers
Roads
States
Lakes
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Integrating GPS and GIS Technologies into 4-H
Youth Programs

• What Type of GPS receiver should you buy?

What is your application?
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GPS Applications

• Teaching users about GPS receivers
• Hiking
• Geocaching
• Nature Study
• Hunting
• Fishing
• Boating
• Biking
• Skiing
• Golf

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Low Cost (Handheld) GPS Receivers
Cost 100 400
Features Internal Memory 8 30 M SC Card
Expandability Mapping Software Compatibility
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Mapping Software
Cost 100 - 150
Compatibility depends on the unit
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GPS Applications

• Collecting geo-referenced data
• GIS Mapping

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Pocket PCs Running Windows CE
400
600
HP IPAQ
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Integrating GPS and GIS Technologies into 4-H
Youth Programs
What GIS software should you buy?
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GIS Software

• ESRI
• ArcMap
• ArcPad for Windows CE
• Farm Works
• Map Shots
• JD Office
• Easy Suite

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On-Line Training CourseLearning How to Use
ArcPad 7.0
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On-Line Training CourseLearning How to Use
ArcPad 7.0
Learning Module 1 Moving Data to and From Your
PDA Learning Module 2 Getting to Know
ArcPad Learning Module 3 Displaying
Data Learning Module 4 Creating
Features Learning Module 5 Using Your GPS
Receiver Learning Module 6 Capturing Features
Using Your GPS Receiver Learning Module 7
Making Your Map Look Pretty Learning Module 8
Retrieving Information from Your Map
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Some GPS Applications for Youth
Geocaching
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Some GPS Applications for Youth
Collecting and Mapping Geo-referenced data in
Your Community
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Questions?