Field Services

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Field Services
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TLO and ELOs

• Terminal Learning Objective Describe the
  considerations for field service and human
  resources support
• Enabling Learning Objectives
• Describe the mission, capabilities, and
  employment of field services organizations
• Identify the categories of field services, the
  employment of elements providing field service
  support, and units providing quality of life
  support
• Identify procedures for determining field service
  support requirements and planning considerations
• Describe field service support considerations for
  offensive, defensive, stability and
  reconstruction, and civil support operations

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References

• Modular Force References
• FM-I 4-90.1, Heavy Brigade Combat Team
  Logistics, 15 March 2005
• FM-I 3-90.6, Heavy Brigade Combat Team, 15 March
  2005
• FM-I 3-90.5, Heavy Brigade Combat Team Combined
  Arms Battalion, 15 March 2005
• Army of Excellence References
• AR 638-2, Care and Disposition of Remains and
  Personal Effects, 22 December 2000
• FM 4-0 (100-10), Combat Service Support, 29
  August 2003
• FM 10-1, Quartermaster Principles, 11 August 94
• FM 10-23, Basic Doctrine for Army Field Feeding
  and Class I Operations Management, 18 April 96
• FM 10-64, Mortuary Affairs Operations, 16
  February 1999
• JTTP 4-06, Joint Tactics, Techniques and
  Procedures for Mortuary Affairs in
• Joint Operations, 28 August 1996
  (www.dtic.mil/doctrine)
• FM10-450-4 Multi-service Helicopter Slingload
  Operations, 1 April 2002
• FM 4-20.41 Aerial Delivery in a Theater of
  Operations, 29 October 2003
• FM 42-414 Direct Support Field Service Company
  Operations, 3 September 2003

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Outline

• What are Field Services
• Field Feeding
• Shower, Laundry, and Clothing Repair
• Mortuary Affairs
• Aerial Resupply
• Planners, Managers, and Organizations
• Supporting Offense, Defense, Reconstitution and
  Stability and Civil Support Operations

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Field Services

• Field services are essential to enhance a
  Soldier's quality of life during operations.
• Field Services Include
• Field Feeding
• Shower, Laundry and Clothing Repair
• Mortuary affairs
• Preparation for aerial delivery
• Water production (covered with fuel instruction)

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Field Feeding
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Army Field Feeding Operations

• Unit Commanders responsibility
• Standard is three quality meals/day
• Rations are packaged as individual or group meals
• Feeding schedules are based on established
  operations orders and timelines

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Field Feeding

• The field feeding system assumes CORPS and DIV
  wide use of the MRE
• The theater transitions from the MREs to unitized
  group rations (UGR) after approximately 30 days
• UGR-A (fresh foods) during extended deployments
  of 90 days
• 21-Day contingency operations (CONOPS) menu when
  deployed beyond 180 days
• Food service support will be required for
  attached units

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Field Feeding
Sustainment Base
Corps

DIV
Assault Kitchen
Kitchen Company Level Field Feeding Enhanced
(KCLFF-E)
HHC, BSB PROVIDED FIELD FEEDING FOR THE BSB
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Shower, Laundry, and Clothing Repair
Showers
12-Head Shower Unit
LAUNDRY ADVANCEDSYSTEM (LADS)
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Shower, Laundry, and Clothing Repair (SLCR)

• There are no SLCR support assets organic to the
  HBCT
• The QM Field Services Company, DIV/Corps
  Sustainment Brigades provides tactical SLCR
  services
• Shower and Laundry Goal Provide weekly shower
  and launder up to 15 pounds of clothes a week
• Modular design 6 SLCR sections each support
  3,500 Soldiers (Total of 21,000 Soldiers a week)
• Must consider the additional water requirement
  resulting from SLCR use (15-20,000 gal/day)
• Laundry Advanced System (LADS) uses approximately
  500 gal/day

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Mortuary Affairs
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Mortuary Affairs Program
Divided into three distinct sub-programs

• Current Death
• Operates worldwide in peacetime, may continue in
  mass fatality events/low intensity conflict
• Provides mortuary supplies and services for
  permanent disposition of remains
• Concurrent Return
• Preferred method of handling remains during
  conflicts
• Provides for search, recovery, evacuation,
  tentative ID, mortuary services, and shipment to
  final destination
• Graves Registration
• Activated only upon approval of the Geographic
  Combatant Commander
• Provides for search, recovery, tentative ID, and,
  as a last resort, temporary internment in
  theater

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Mortuary Affairs Sub-Programs
Place of Death
PADD
Current Death

• Local Contract for CONUS Personnel
• No PE Depot

Concurrent Return
CONUS POE Mortuary
Place of Death
Collection Point
TMEP
PADD
Graves Registration
Collection Point
Temp. Interment
Place of Death

• No Embalming

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Mortuary Affairs Company
CO HQ
Collection Platoon
PE Depot Platoon
Theater Evac/ Mortuary/Cem Plt
Receiving Sec
Processing Sec
Evacuation Sec
Storage Sec
Disposition Sec
Collection Section
- During temporary interment, 2 theater evac
platoons become 2 interment platoons - PE
Depot may be detached and employed in theater
or at port of entry mortuary
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Mortuary Affairs Collection Company

• Collection Platoons will be attached to the DIV
  Sustainment Brigade.
• The platoon will attach collection sections to
  the BSB of each BCT.
• Each section has refrigeration capability.
• Each section capable ofprocessing up to
  20remains per day.

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Support from a Mortuary Affairs Team

• The HBCT is dependent on augmentation for
  collection, processing and evacuation. The team
  operates from the BSA and is responsible for
  processing remains.
• The team has no transportation capabilities and
  coordinates with the support operations officer
  for evacuation back to the theater mortuary
  evacuation point (TMEP).
• Internal to the HBCT, handling teams are
  pre-designated at the battalion level and operate
  in the combat trains.
• NOTE It is the maneuver battalion FSCs
  responsibility to evacuate remains from the
  combat trains to the BSA

A mortuary affairs team from the sustainment
brigade provides mortuary affairs support to the
HBCT.
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Mortuary Affairs Site Selection

• Accessible to a good road network (MSR)
• In close proximity, but not in view of the CSH
• Reasonably removed from Class I/Water point
• Accessible to rotarywing aircraft (LZ)
• Concealed fromcasual view
• Sanitation facilitiesavailable
• SECURE

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Forward MA Collection Point

• 1 FWD CP Assigned Per BDE SPT BN
• Assigned MA Collection Company
• 6 Personnel Per MACP working 2 12 Hour Shifts
• Process approximately 20 Remains / 24 Hours
• Requires Life Support, Medical and Maintenance
  Support from Supported Unit
• Equipment
• 1 20 Refrigeration Van, Trailer Mounted
• 1 5-Ton Tractor
• 1 5-Ton Cargo Truck
• 1 400 Gallon Water Trailer
• 2 Tents

MISSION Conduct limited search and evacuation
operations of deceased U.S. Military, certain
U.S. civilian and Allied personnel. Receive,
inventory, and coordinate evacuation of Personal
Effects (PE) with remains.
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Main MA Collection Point

• 1 Main CP Assigned per CORPS
• Assigned from the CORPS MA Collection Company
• Requires Life Support, Medical and Maintenance
  Support from Supported Unit
• Major Equipment
• 1 HMMWV
• 5 20 Refrigeration Van, Trailer Mounted
• 5 5-Ton Tractor
• 2 2 1/2 -Ton Cargo Truck
• 2 R/T Forklift

MISSION Establish, operate, and maintain a CORPS
Main Collection Point that receives remains and
Personal Effects (PE) from the Forward Collection
Points.
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Theater Mortuary Evacuation Point(TMEP)

• 2 Platoons from the QM MA CO (EAC)
• Assigned to a Theater Sustainment Command
• Each Platoon can Process 250 Remains / 24 Hours
• Requires UCMJ, Life Support, Medical and
  Maintenance Support from Supported Unit
• Major Equipment (Dependent upon Theater
  Resources)
• 2 HMMWV
• 3 20 Refrigeration Van, Trailer Mounted
• 3 5-Ton Tractor
• 2 2 1/2 -Ton Cargo Truck (LMTV)
• 1 R/T Forklift
• 1 400 Gallon Water Trailer

MISSION Establish, operate, and maintain a
Theater Mortuary Evacuation Point (Concurrent
Return) or Temporary Interment sites in Theater
(Graves Registration).
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Mortuary Affairs NCO, SPO Supply and Services Cell

• Advises the BSB commander
• Coordinates MA operations
• Trains the brigade and BSB units and personnel
• Establishes the mortuary affairs collection point
  in the BSA
• Coordinates for augmentation
• Maintains files
• Plans and coordinates escort of
• remains

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Mortuary Affairs Support Operations

• At unit level, remains are tentatively identified
  and evacuated to the Battalion Aid Station for
  medical verification
• Unit commanders are responsible for initial
  search, recovery, identification, and evacuation
  of remains to the MACP. (The FSC distribution
  platoon evacuates remains to the BCT MACP.)
• The sustainment BDE MA Co deploys a MA platoon
  forward to the DIV. The MA platoon then sends a
  MA collection section to the BSB.
• The MACP provides temporary storage of remains
  and personal effects (PE) before evacuating the
  remains and their accompanying PE to a MACP
  sustainment BDE or the TMEP.

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Mortuary Affairs Evacuation

• Vehicles bringing supplies (except Class I) to
  the BSA evacuate remains from the BSA collection
  point as a backhaul mission or by throughput to
  the sustainment brigade collection company
• Evacuation of remains from the HBCT to DIV
  mortuary affairs collection point or theater
  mortuary evacuation point (TMEP)
• The recommended method of evacuation of remains
  is air evacuation (fixed or rotary wing) in
  coordination with the BSB support operations and
  DIV G3 air.
• Applying the throughput concept, remains may be
  evacuated directly to the rear for shipment to
  the port of embarkation (POE) mortuary.

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Mortuary Affairs Remains Flow

CONUS
Sustainment Base
XX
TSC
Corps

DIV
MA
TMEP
AIR
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OIF OEF MA Locations
Baghram
Kandahar
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Theater Evacuation
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Aerial Resupply
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Aerial Resupply Operations

• The HBCT has no aerial delivery capability
• Air Force airlift and Army aviation assets may
  supplement the HBCTs transportation capability
• When supply routes become severely disrupted, the
  use of aerial delivery may be necessary
• Units must be prepared to receive both
  air-dropped and sling-loaded supplies
• BSB SPO must coordinate for the backhaul for
  aerial delivery equipment (sling sets,
  parachutes, platforms, etc.)

• Methods of Aerial Delivery
• Airdrop Operations
• Sling load Operations
• Airland Operations

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Methods of Aerial Resupply
AIRDROP OPERATIONS
SLINGLOAD OPERATIONS
AIRLAND OPERATIONS
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Airdrop Operations

• Airdrop Operations
• High Velocity - Can be used to drop subsistence,
  packaged POL and ammunition. Parachute has enough
  drag to hold the load in an upright position.
  Rate of descent is 70-90 feet per second.
• Low Velocity - Used for fragile material such as
  vehicles or artillery pieces. Items are rigged on
  a airdrop platform or in an airdrop container.
  Rate of descent is approximately 28 feet per
  second.
• Free Drop - Used to drop barrier material, PSYOPS
  material, rations or other non-breakable items.
  No parachute or retarding device is used for free
  drop. Rate of descent for free drop is 130 to 150
  feet per second.

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Airland Operations

• Requires an operational and secure airfield/field
  landing strip, material handling equipment (MHE)
  and fuel storage containers when using Bladder
  Birds.
• Can load 6 - 463L pallets on a C130, 13 - 463L
  pallets on a C141, and 18 - 463L pallets on a
  C17.
• C130 Bladder Birds can provide 6,000 gallons of
  fuel (2,400 peacetime, and C141 Bladder Birds
  can provide 9,000 gallons

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Slingload Operations

• Relies on recovery of assets
• Pinpoint supplies on the ground
• Versatile, priorities can be shifted easily
• Load depends on the aircraft
• (CH-47 vs. UH-60)
• Maximize backhaul
• Uses Army aviation assets
• Must have trained personnel
• SLICC, Pathfinder, Air Assault

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Aerial Resupply Operations

• Advantages include
• Permitting throughput of supplies from
  Sustainment Brigades to using units, even if the
  unit is in an unreachable area
• Reduces the need for forward airfields or landing
  zones
• Permits greater dispersion of ground tactical
  forces
• Reduces delivery time (travel time only)
• Provides a shorter turnaround time than ground
  combat logistics patrols
• Disadvantages include
• Vulnerability to enemy aircraft ground fire
• Fewer supplies equipment that can be carried
• The need for specialty trained rigging and drop
  zone personnel
• The impact of adverse weather on delivery
  capabilities and accuracy
• The impact of aircraft availability and
  operational readiness rates

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Aerial Resupply Request Procedures(Army Air)
XX
Sustainment Base
Corps

TSC
DIV
XXX
5
9
Corps
XX
G3
4
DIV
G3
3
AIR
BSA
2
BDE S4
BDE S3 BAE
1
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Planning Considerations

• Replacement of authorized personnel,equipment
  and supplies
• Requirements determination
• Status of supportsites
• Supportrelationships
• Site locations

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Field Service Branch, Support Operations
Sustainment Brigade
KEY TASKS
O3 MORTUARY AFFAIRS OFF 92A4V CW3 SR
AIRDROP SYS TECH 921A E7 FIELD
SVCS NCO 92S40 E6 MORTUARY AFFAIRS
NCO 92M30 E6 FIELD SVCS NCO
92S30
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Sustainment Brigade
SUS
Assigned
Attached
BTB
CSSB
MED BDE
CSSB
CSSB
CSSB
CSSB
CSSB
CSSB
HHC
Attached
Assigned
HHC
SIG
FIN
HR
AMMO
TRANS
MAINT
SS
Mission Plan, coordinate, synchronize, monitor,
and control logistics operations within assigned
AO. Coordinates Host Nation Support (HNS) and
contracting. Provide support to joint,
interagency, and multinational forces as directed.
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BSB SPO Supply and Services Cell
MaintCell
TransMgt Cell
Sup SvcCell
ContractCell

• Forecast, coordinate, and monitor the field
  services
• Conduct logistics preparation of the battlefield
• Provide technical expertise on field services
• Coordinates the evacuation of remains
• Supervises the mortuary affairs (MA) NCO

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Heavy Brigade Combat Team(Organic Log Support)
X
BTB
BSB
132
HHC
81
143
Distro
171
137
Maint
77
230 (x2)
Mission The FSC is a multifunctional unit
organized to perform distribution of all classes
of supply, minus medical, to its supported
battalion.
Med
77
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Supporting Offense, Defense, Reconstruction and
Stability and Civil Support Operations
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Supporting Offensive Operations

• Most field services suspended
• Plan future field service operations
• Integrate field service operations with the
  tactical plan
• Plan triggers for activating/deactivating points
• Coordinate the locations, displacements, and
  routes of sustainment
• Use field service assets to overcome other CSS
  shortfalls

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Supporting Defensive Operations

• Avoid patterns
• Location of field service sites and units
• Movement
• Terrain
• Periodically move field service units
• Cover and concealment
• Engineer and Medical support may be required

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Supporting Reconstruction and Stability Operations

• Initially Army field services capability used
  extensively
• Transition to contractor and/or HNS
• Possible Joint, Multinational, and Interagency
  support requirement

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Supporting Civil Support Operations

• Army may not be lead agent
• Initially Army field services used extensively
• Transition to contractor depending on the
  duration of the operation
• Possible Joint and Interagency support requirement

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Lets Review
Questions and Lessons Learned Discussion


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QM Field Service Co (Modular)
SRC 10414L000
Mission To provide DS shower, laundry, and
clothing repair (SLCR) support for approximately
21,000 troops on an area basis. Capabilities
(Per Section 1 of TOE) (a) Laundry services
totaling 315,000 lbs of laundry per week based on
15 lbs per soldier per week in support of 21,000
troops. (b) Each SLCR section can support
500 troops per day/3500 troops per week. (c)
Distribution for individual laundry with organic
distribution assets providing 24 hour laundry
service. (d) Limited light textile repair.
(e) Unit level maintenance on organic
equipment. (f) Food service for assigned and
attached personnel. (g) Delousing service
when deemed necessary by medical
authority. Assignment (Echelon) Normally
assigned to a CSSB (Corps/DIV).