Crystals

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Augusta High School
Crystals
Hannah Cole Jamison Irvine
9th Grade February 26th, 2002
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Table of Contents
Section Slide Number Introduction 3 Backgroun
d Information on Topic 4 Experiment 6 Data
and Graphs 16 Discussion and Data
Analysis 17 Conclusion 19 Acknowledgments 20
References 21
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Introduction

• Problem What type of Liquid, water or
  vinegar, will form the best type of crystal with
  what type of solid, salt or sugar.
• Hypothesis Water is a better liquid than
  vinegar. And salt is a better solid than
  sugar.
• Research Certain amount of water and
  certain amount of vinegar needed. Some will
  have a certain amount of sugar or salt added.

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Background Information on Topic

• Formula for Sugar is C6 H12 O6.
• Formula for Salt is NaCl.
• Formula for Vinegar is C4 H8 O2.
• Salt is and Ionic Crystal.
• Sugar is made up of atoms, which form together to
  make molecules.
• The Ration between liquid and solid should be .
• Heating the liquid is needed to make the
  experiment work correctly, otherwise the solid
  will not be absorbed.

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More Background Information

• Snow and ice crystal are formed when a gas or
  liquid gets cold enough.
• Quartz and other minerals from when the get hot
  enough.
• Volcanic crystals form when the volcanic rock
  cools.
• Crystals grow from solutions, when the substance
  is dissolved in a solution and start connecting
  together in the orderly arrangement of a crystal.
• Seven Crystal Systems, Triclinic, Monoclinic,
  Orthorhomic, Tetragonal, Rhombohedral, Hexagonal,
  and Cubic.

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Expirement

• Materials
• 2 Medium Sized saucepans
• 5 16 ounce Glasses
• 1 Measuring Glass
• 1 cup Vinegar
• 1 2/3 cup Water
• 2/3 cup Sugar
• 1 2/3 cup Salt
• 5 Pencils
• 5 4 inch pieces of string
• 5 Stirring Spoons
• 5 Paper Clips

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Expirement

• Procedure
• Tie paperclip to string and then tie to pencil
• Place water and vinegar in saucepans, Bring to
  boil
• While liquids boil, label glasses.
• Measure 1/3 cup boiling water and pour into
  glass, set aside.
• Measure 1 cup boiling water, add 1 cup salt stir,
  set aside.
• Measure 1 cup boiling water, add 1/3 cup water,
  stir, set aside
• Measure 2/3 cup boiling vinegar, add 2/3 cup
  salt, stir, and set aside.
• Measure 1/3 cup boiling vinegar, add 1/3 cup
  sugar, stir, set aside.
• Put pencil, with string attached, on the rim of
  each glass.
• Clean up, put glasses where they can be observed
  but not bothered.

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Expirement

• Control Water
• Dependent Size and amount of crystals
  produces.
• Independent Types of crystals, vinegar, water,
  salt, sugar.
• Constant The procedure in which the
  experiment was performed and the time each
  was given.
• Data We collected data based on the
  appearance of each glass or type of
  crystal. We will list the changes that are
  made in the growth from day to day.
• Trials We only did one trial because of the
  amount of time that crystals take to grow.

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Data And Graphs
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Discussion And Data Analysis

• Expected water/salt to grow best
• Water/salt formed first and fastest
• Vinegar/salt turned the paperclip and the crystal
  black
• Vinegar/sugar grew up the string a little
• Data supported hypothesis
• Water/salt formed a film on the inside of the
  glass, and gathered at the top of the glass.
• No graph, insufficient information/data. Data
  Table based on appearance.

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Discussion And Data Analysis

• Things that would have been different
• More trials
• Used epsom salt instead of table salt
• Use the same amount of all items/materials
• Be more exact.
• Find a new way of measuring the size of crystal,
  rather than just appearance.

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Conclusion

• What liquid (water or salt) forms the best
  crystal our of what solid (salt or sugar)?
• Water was best for a salt crystal
• Vinegar was best for a sugar crystal
• Water/salt formed best mixture for, it formed the
  biggest and best crystal the fastest.
• Vinegar/salt
• Vinegar/sugar
• Water/sugar
• Water (control)

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Acknowledgments
We would like to thank our parents for supplying
us with the things that we needed. We would like
to thank Mr. Radloff for helping us with anything
that we needed help with or didnt understand.
We also would like to thank any other people that
helped us along the way. Thanks
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References
World Book, 17, Salt, Chicago, World Book Inc.,
2002, 72-75 World Book, 18, Sugar, Chicago, World
Book Inc., 2002, 959- 961 The New Book of
Knowledge, 3, Chicago, Groiler incorporated,
1991, 591-593 The Merick Index, twelfth edition,
White House Station, NJ., Merick and Co. Inc.,
1996, page 641 and 1474 www.webmineral.com/crystal
.shtml www.webmineral.com/chmical.shtml www.webmin
eral.com/specimens.shtml www.google.com/search?hl
encrystalsofsugar www.google.com/search?hlenc
rystalsofvinegar