Demonstratives: This, that,those

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Demonstratives This, that,those
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Demonstrative this,that,those

• It matters if the word is animate or inanimate.
• We also have to take into account the proximity
  of something or someone to the speaker.
• Far away may depend on perception

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Animate and Inanimate

• Remember animate means living, spiritual, objects
  in motion, and many objects in nature.
• Inanimate are non living things such as a chair
  or branch on the ground.

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Animate Demonstratives

• Singular
• Ode- this (close)
• O- that (a little further away)
• Ago- that (far away)
• Plural
• Gode- these ( close)
• Gi- those (a little further away)
• Egi- those ( far away)

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Inanimate Demonstratives

• Singular
• Ode- this ( close)
• i- that (further away)
• Ei- that ( far away)
• Plural
• Node- these ( close)
• Ni- those ( a little closer)
• Eni- those ( far away)

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Pattern

• You will notice that ode this (close) is the only
  one which is same in the animate and inanimate
  forms.
• Also notice how the ones that are inanimate
  plural are node,ni,eni.
• While the inanimate plural ones are gode,gi,egi.

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Examples

• Wé ni je gode kwék?
• Who are these(close) women?
• Mishen i mzenegen.
• Give me that(a little ways away) book.
• Mishen éi biwabkos.
• Give me that(far away) phone.
• Byétnen ode moshwagen.
• Pass me this(close) scissors.

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Example

• Wég ni je ode?
• What is this.
• Mishen node mzenegenen.
• Give me these(inanimate close) books.
• Wég ni je i?
• What is that( a little ways away)
• Wé ni je gi bmadzejek?
• Who are those( a little ways away) people?

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• Become familiar with these and work on writing
  the pattern down. You will use this quite a bit.
  Usually if a person or thing is in a sentence it
  will be marked with one of these.

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Demonstratives review

• Animate
• Singular
• Ode- this (close)
• O- that (a little further away)
• Ago- that (far away)
• Plural
• Gode- these ( close)
• Gi- those (a little further away)
• Egi- those ( far away)

Inanimate Singular Ode- this ( close) i- that
(further away) Ei- that ( far away) Plural Node-
these ( close) Ni- those ( a little
further away Eni- those ( far away)