Sem ttulo de diapositivo

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CIPES Center for Research in Higher Education
Policies
RD NON UNIVERSITY SECTOR
OSLO SEMINAR NOVEMBER 23, 2007
Research in the Non-University Higher Education
Portuguese Institutions Rhetoric or Reality
Maria de Lourdes Machado-Taylor, CIPES (Center
for Research in Higher Education Policies)
Polytechnic Institute of Bragança,
PORTUGAL José Brites Ferreira,
CIPES Polytechnic Institute of
Leiria PORTUGAL
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• 1. Brief Country Description (1)

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Number of higher education institutions

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• 1. Brief Country Description (2)

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• Legal Distinction between Universities and
  Polytechnics
• Different power to confer academic degrees
• Universities can confer bachelor,
  licenciaturas, master and doctor degrees
• Polytechnics can confer licenciaturas and
  after 2006 can confer master degrees
• Different nature of research
• Fundamental in universities
• Applied in polytechnics
• Different nature of qualifications
• More conceptual in universities (knowledge)
• More theoretical-practical in the
  polytechnics Knowledge and know how)

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2. National Objectives for Research and
Development (1)
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The definition of the objectives of the
polytechnic sector The polytechnic institutes
are institutions of higher education integrating
two or more schools broadly oriented to pursue
the objectives of polytechnic higher education in
the same region those (schools) are associated
with respective educational policies and resource
optimization (art. 1º, n.º 1 Law 54/90). The
objectives of the polytechnic schools are a)
Undergraduate courses b) Updating courses c)
Reconversion and horizontal and vertical training
for technicians d) Support for regional
development and e) Research and development.
(art. 2º, n.º 6 Law 54/90).

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2. National Objectives for Research and
Development (2)
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• Specific objectives of the polytechnic sector
• Regional Development
• Democratization to the access to higher
  education (disfavoured population)
• Social mission in the regions where they are
  located

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2. National Objectives for Research and
Development (3)

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• Research Activities
• Polytechnics are recent and the majority have
  less than twenty years.
• They can not legally develop activities tied to
  fundamental research- which is reserved to
  Universities.
• Between 1995 and 2005 the Ministry of Science and
  Technology concentrated the States investment
  and financial efforts in State laboratories and
  Universities, excluding polytechnic institutions.
• Since their creation polytechnic institutions
  have been involved in supporting the
  qualification of their academic staff.
• After obtaining their degrees, these
  professionals remain tied to those or other
  universities.
• The research activity undertaken by polytechnic
  institutions appears mostly associated to the
  universities

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3. Priority Setting
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• Polytechnic professors appears associated to the
  universities where they develop research and not
  to the institutes where they teach and that pay
  their salaries.
• Polytechnic sector research appears associated
  to the universities that are legally funded to
  carry out these activities.
• The role of the institutes and universities in
  the area of research is legally differentiated.
  Universities obtain state aid in order to develop
  research projects while polytechnic institutes do
  not.
• In spite of this framework, there are already 10
  formally created research centers in public
  polytechnic institutes that are recognized by FCT
  (Science and Technology Foundation).

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• 4. The Extent and Scope of Research

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Research centers accredited by FCT

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5. Funding of Research (1)
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• Financial Aspects
• Portuguese Higher Education Institutions have
  always depended on State Budget funds
• The budget is calculated on the basis of a
  formula
• There are significant differences between public
  and private institutions
• Public HEIs have financial autonomy and manage
  the budget allocated to them, however they have
  to follow the budgeting and accounting laws of
  Portuguese public administration
• One can observe a decrease in the State budget
  allocated to public HEIs
• In 1989 institutional funding was 95
• In 1997 it was 70
• Three main revenue streams
• State Funding
• Planning of Investments ( facilities and
  laboratory equipment acquisitions)
• European Funds, Sale of goods and services,
  research funds from FCT and private sources

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5. Funding of Research (2)
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Endowments from the State Budget per student

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6. Cooperation with Universities and Industry
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• Academic staff obtain academic degrees at the
  universities and remain tied to the universities
  where they integrate university research centers.
  With the express authorization of the
  Polytechnic Institute that they belong to.
• Cooperation with industry no systematic
• Cooperation is more on training than research

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7. Qualifications of Staff (1)

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Basic categories of academic staff in public
institutions

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7. Qualifications of Staff (2)

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8. Problems and Challenges
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• Dilemmas
• Lack of Financing
• Lack of national policies
• Lack of governmental policies
• Lack of Policies for research and development in
  non-university higher education institutions
• Challenges
• To establish of a network of research centers
• To define priority areas for research
• To develop strategies to train human resources
• To develop network with industry

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RD NON UNIVERSITY SECTOR
THANK YOU
Maria de Lourdes Machado-Taylor, CIPES
(Center for Research in Higher Education
Policies), PORTUGAL
lmachado_at_cipes.up.pt José Brites Ferreira, CIPES
Polytechnic Institute of Leiria PORTUGAL