Title: Manufacturer Response
1- Manufacturer Response
- To The
- EU Physical Agents Directive2002/44/EC
- Limiting Worker Exposure To Vibration
2Introduction
- Berufsgenossenschaft
- European Treaty
- Article 95 of the European Treaty
- Article 137 of the European Treaty
- Directives based on Articel 95 and 137
- Directive 2002/44/EC and national implementation
- Directive 98/37/EC
- ISO/DTR 25398
- Directive 98/37/EC (Revision)
- Summary
3Introduction
Dipl.-Ing. Univ. Reinhold Hartdegen
Berufsgenossenschaft der Bauwirtschaft Prävention
Tiefbau - Prüf- und Zertifizierungsstelle
- Landsberger Straße 309 80687 München
Tel. 0049/89 / 88 97 860 Fax 0049/89 / 88 97
859 E-mail reinhold.hartdegen_at_bgbau.de Intern
et www.bgbau.de
4Introduction
What is a Berufsgenossenschaft ?
A Berufsgenossenschaft is a part of the German
social security system. The social security
system was established shortly before 1900,
providing - health insurance scheme - pension
funds and - the Berufsgenossenschaften
5Introduction
- Berufsgenossenschaften Institutions for
statutory accident insurance and prevention for
trade and industry
6Introduction
Berufsgenossenschaften are corporations under
public law.
They comply with the duties they have been
entrusted with by the legislature comprising the
prevention of accidents as well as accident
insurance in cases of occupational accidents,
commuting accidents and occupational diseases
Every employer is a member of the
Berufsgenossenschaft organisation
7Introduction
- The 26 German Berufsgenossenschaften or
institutions for statutory accident insurance and
prevention for trade and industry aredivided
according to the branch of industry they are
concerned with
8Introduction
The 7 Berufsgenossenschaften for the building
trade and their counterpart, the
Tiefbau-Berufsgenossenschaft (Institution for
Statutory Accident Insurance and Prevention in
the Civil Engineering Sector) emerged from an
amalgamation on Mai 2005
9(No Transcript)
10(No Transcript)
11Introduction
More than 400.000 member companies With more
than 3.000.000 insured
12Standardisation
- Dipl.-Ing. Univ. Reinhold Hartdegen
- - ISO/TC 127 Earth moving machines
- (Head of the German Delegation)
- - CEN/TC 151 Construction equipment and building
material machines - Safety - (Chairman)
- - CEN TC 151 WG 1 Earth moving machines
- (Head of the German Delegation)
- - CEN TC 151 WG 5 Road construction machines
(Convenor) - - German mirror commitee EMM
- (Manager)
13Basic
EEC Treaty (1957)
Single European Act (1987)
European Union (1992)
Article 95 (formerly Article 100) Directives
with safety requirements
Article 137 (formerly Article 118) Directives
for improving the working environment
EU
EC Framework Directive
Work Safety
D
Equipment and Product Safety Act
Work Safety Act
14Basic
EU
Article 95 TEC Single market directives
Article 137 TEC Work safety directives
Objective To remove technical trade barriers
Objective Social harmonisation
Aimed at Employers / Employees
Aimed at Manufacturers In particular
15Basic
EU
Article 95 TEC Single market directives
Article 137 TEC Work safety directives
Contents Requirements of a high
standard Construction and equipment provisions
Contents Minimum requirements Regulations
governing provision and use
16Basic
Article 95 e.g. EC Machinery Directive
Article 137 e.g. EC Framework Directive Work
Safety
EU
Implementation must be transposed into national
law without any changes 1 1
Implementation may be made subject to
more stringent requirements when transposed into
national law 1 1 x
Equipment and Product Safety Act
D
Work Safety Act
17Directives in acc. with Article 95 must be
transposed 11 into national law
18Article 137
Directives with minimum requirements
for safety and health protection at work
Directives in acc. with Article 137 constitute
minimum requirements and can contain more
stringent requirements when transposed into
national law.
Work Safety Act
Framework Directive
Safety at work
(ArbSchG)
Regulations relating
Individual directives
to ArbSchG
Amendment of
Workplaces
ArbStättV
Use of
BetriebssicherheitsV
equipment
Pers. protective
PPE Regulation
equipment (PPE)
Handling
Handling heavy loads regulation
heavy loads
Working with
Working with monitors regulation
monitors
Construction sitesregulation
Construction sites
Vibrations
Not yet implemented in G
2002/44/EC
19WBV 2002/44/EC
- DIRECTIVE 2002/44/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT
AND OF THE COUNCIL - of 25 June 2002
- on the minimum health and safety requirements
regarding the exposure of workers to the risks - arising from physical agents (vibration)
(sixteenth individual Directive within the
meaning of - Article 16(1) of Directive 89/391/EEC)
20WBV 2002/44/EC
THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE
EUROPEAN UNION, Having regard to the Treaty
establishing the European Community, and in
particular Article 137(2) thereof,
It is a Directive based on article 137 (Minimum
requirements)
21WBV 2002/44/EC
(4) This Directive lays down minimum
requirements, thus giving Member States the
option of maintaining or adopting more favourable
provisions for the protection of workers, in
particular the fixing of lower values for the
daily action value or the daily exposure limit
value for vibrations. The implementation of this
Directive should not serve to justify any
regression in relation to the situation which
already prevails in each Member State.
22WBV 2002/44/EC
(6) The level of exposure to vibration can be
more effectively reduced by incorporating
preventive measures into the design of work
stations and places of work and by selecting work
equipment, procedures and methods so as to give
priority to reducing the risks at source.
Provisions relating to work equipment and methods
thus contribute to the protection of the workers
involved. See e. g. requirements of 98/37/EC
23WBV 2002/44/EC
(7) Employers should make adjustments in the
light of technical progress and scientific
knowledge regarding risks related to exposure to
vibration, with a view to improving the safety
and health protection of workers.
24WBV 2002/44/EC
Article 1 Aim and scope 1. This Directive, which
is the 16th individual Directive within the
meaning of Article 16(1) of Directive
89/391/EEC, lays down minimum requirements for
the protection of workers from risks to their
health and safety arising or likely to arise from
exposure to mechanical vibration.
25WBV 2002/44/EC
Article 1 Aim and scope 2. The requirements of
this Directive shall apply to activities in which
workers are or are likely to be exposed to risks
from mechanical vibration during their work.
26WBV 2002/44/EC
SECTION II OBLIGATION OF EMPLOYERS Article
4 Determination and assessment of risks 1. In
carrying out the obligations laid down in Article
6(3) and Article 9(1) of Directive 89/391/EEC,
the employer shall assess and, if necessary,
measure the levels of mechanical vibration to
which workers are exposed. Measurement shall be
carried out in accordance with Point 2 of Part A
or Point 2 of Part B of the Annex to this
Directive, as appropriate.
27WBV 2002/44/EC
Article 4 Determination and assessment of risks
2. The level of exposure to mechanical
vibration may be assessed by means of observation
of specific working practices and reference to
relevant information on the probable magnitude of
the vibration corresponding to the equipment or
the types of equipment used in the particular
conditions of use, including such information
provided by the manufacturer of the equipment.
That operation shall be distinguished from
measurement, which requires the use of specific
apparatus and appropriate methodology.
28WBV 2002/44/EC
Article 3 Exposure limit values and action
values 2. For whole-body vibration (a) the
daily exposure limit value standardised to an
eight-hour reference period shall be 1,15 m/s2
or, at the choice of the Member State concerned,
a vibration dose value of 21 m/ s1,75
29WBV 2002/44/EC
Article 3 Exposure limit values and action
values 2. For whole-body vibration . . . (b)
the daily exposure action value standardised to
an eighthour reference period shall be 0,5 m/s2
or, at the choice of the Member State concerned,
a vibration dose value of 9,1 m/s1,75.
30WBV 2002/44/EC
All member states implemented 2002/44/EC
except - Austria - Germany - Ireland -
Luxembourg - United Kingdom
31WBV 2002/44/EC
In Germany we expect the implentation of
2002/44/EC beginning 2007
32WBV 2002/44/EC
In Germany we expect the implentation of
2002/44/ECbeginning 2007 With proposed values
For hand-arm vibration (a) the daily exposure
limit value standardised to an eight-hour referenc
e period shall be 5 m/s2 (b) the daily exposure
action value standardised to an
eighthour reference period shall be 2,5
m/s2. Identically to 2002/44/EC
33WBV 2002/44/EC
In Germany we expect the implentation of
202/44/ECbeginning 2007 With proposed values
For whole-body vibration (a) the daily
exposure limit value standardised to an
eight-hour reference period in vertikal direction
shall be 0,8 m/s2 the daily exposure limit
value standardised to an eight-hour reference
period in both horizontal direction shall be 1,15
m/s2 (b) the daily exposure action value
standardised to an eight-hour reference period
shall be 0,5 m/s2.
34WBV 2002/44/EC
In Germany we expect the implentation of
2002/44/ECbeginning 2007 With proposed values
For whole-body vibration (a) the daily
exposure limit value standardised to an
eight-hour reference period in vertikal direction
shall be 0,8 m/s2the daily exposure limit
value standardised to an eight-hour reference
period shall be 1,15 m/s2for the vertikal
direction 0,8 m/s2 instead of 1,15 m/s2
3598/37/EC
Relation to Manufacturer 98/37/EC Machine
directive based on article 95 (11
directive) ANNEX I ESSENTIAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO THE DESIGN AND
CONSTRUCTION OF MACHINERY AND SAFETY COMPONENTS
3698/37/EC
Annex I1.5.9. Vibration Machinery must be so
designed and constructed that risks resulting
from vibrations produced by the machinery are
reduced to the lowest level, taking account of
technical progress and the availability of means
of reducing vibration, in particular at source.
3798/37/EC
Annex I 1.7.4. Instructions (d) Any literature
describing the machinery must not contradict
the instructions as regards safety aspects. The
technical documentation describing the machinery
must give information regarding the airborne
noise emissions referred to in (f) and, in the
case of hand-held and/or hand-guided machinery,
information regarding vibration as referred to in
2.2.(2. ESSENTIAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
REQUIREMENTS FOR CERTAIN CATEGORIES OF MACHINERY
2.2. Portable hand-held and/or hand-guided
machinery)
3898/37/EC
Annex I 1.7.4. Instructions (e) Where
necessary, the instructions must give the
requirements relating to installation and
assembly for reducing noise or vibration (e.g.
use of dampers, type and mass of foundation
block, etc.).
3998/37/EC
3. ESSENTIAL HEALTH AND SAFETY REQUIREMENTS TO
OFFSET THE PARTICULAR HAZARDS DUE TO THE
MOBILITY OF MACHINERY 3.2. Work stations 3.2.1.
Driving position Where the machinery is fitted
with a cab, this must be designed, constructed
and/or equipped to ensure that the driver has
good operating conditions and is protected
against any hazards that might exist (for
instance inadequate heating and ventilation,
inadequate visibility, excessive noise and
vibration, falling objects, penetration by
objects, rolling over, etc.).
4098/37/EC
3. ESSENTIAL HEALTH AND SAFETY REQUIREMENTS TO
OFFSET THE PARTICULAR HAZARDS DUE TO THE
MOBILITY OF MACHINERY 3.2. Work
stations 3.2.2. Seating . The seat must be
designed to reduce vibrations transmitted to the
driver to the lowest level that can be reasonably
achieved.
4198/37/EC
3. ESSENTIAL HEALTH AND SAFETY REQUIREMENTS TO
OFFSET THE PARTICULAR HAZARDS DUE TO THE
MOBILITY OF MACHINERY 3.6.3. Instruction
handbook Apart from the minimum requirements set
out in 1.7.4, the instruction handbook must
contain the following information (a) regarding
the vibrations emitted by the machinery, either
the actual value or a figure calculated from
measurements performed on identical machinery
the weighted root mean square acceleration value
to which the arms are subjected, if it
exceeds 2,5 m/s2, should it not exceed 2,5
m/s2, this must be mentioned, the weighted root
mean square acceleration value to which the
body (feet or posterior) is subjected, if it
exceeds 0,5 m/s2, should it not exceed 0,5
m/s2, this must be mentioned.
4298/37/EC
3. ESSENTIAL HEALTH AND SAFETY REQUIREMENTS TO
OFFSET THE PARTICULAR HAZARDS DUE TO THE
MOBILITY OF MACHINERY 3.6.3. Instruction
handbook Where the harmonised standards are not
applied, the vibration must be measured using the
most appropriate method for the
machinery concerned. The manufacturer must
indicate the operating conditions of
the machinery during measurement and which
methods were used for taking the measurements
43Parameters
Influence of the value of WBV
Objective influences e.g Vibrations damping of
EMM - undercarrige/chassis - attachment/chassis
- cabin/chassis - seat - tires/preassure-
operating conditiones- surface- load
Subjective influences e.g. Operators
experience/training - speed - lifting -
lowering - handling - adjustment of the seat
44Parameters
Influence of the value of WBV
Objective influences e.g Vibrations damping of
EMM - undercarrige/chassis - attachment/chassis
- cabin/chassis - seat - tires/preassure-
operating conditiones- preparation- load
Subjective influences e.g. Operators
experience/training/behaviour - speed -
lifting - lowering - handling - adjustment of
the seat
Manufacturers influence
45EN 474
- EN 474-11994Earth Moving Machinery
- Safety Part 1
- General requirements
46EN 474
- EN 474-11994EMM Safety Part 1 General
requirements5.1 Instruction handbook Note The
instruction handbook shall contain the
followingc) informations on vibration as
specified in 3.6.3 a) of 89/392/EEC annex I
(regarding whole body vibration)
47EN 474
- EN 474-11994EMM Safety Part 1 General
requirementsEN 474-1, 4.3.1.3 - The operators seat of tractor-dozers, loaders
and tractor scrapers shall meet the requirements
of ISO 7096 with regard to ist ability to damp
vibrations.
48EN 474
Additional requirements
- EN 474-4 1996 Point 4.4 (backhoeloader)
- EN 474-5 1996 Point 4.1.4, 4.1.4.1
(excavators) - EN 474-6 1996 Point 4.4.3.2 (dumper)
- EN 474-9 1995 Point 4.2.4 (pipelayer)
- EN 474-101995 Point 4.1.4.2 (trencher)
- EN 474-111995 Point 4.8 (landfill compactor)
49prEN 474
- prEN 474-1 Dec. 2005EMM Safety Part 1 General
requirements5.4 Seats - 5.4.1.4 Vibration
- The operator's seat shall meet the requirements
of EN ISO 70962000 with regard to its ability to
reduce the vibration transmitted to the operator.
50prEN 474
- prEN 474-1 Dec. 2005EMM Safety Part 1 General
requirements7.2 Operation manual - 7.2.1 Information concerning airborne noise
and vibration emissions - 7.2.2 Information concerning hand-arm and
whole-body vibration emission
51prEN 474
- prEN 474-1 Dec. 2005EMM Safety Part 1 General
requirementsAnnex F (normative) - Requirements for earth-moving machinery used in
underground working in non-explosive
atmosphereF.2.2.3 Transmitted vibration - The seat shall comply with EN ISO 70962000. If
for technical reasons this is not possible, seat
of input spectral class EM 8 may be used.
52prEN 474
- prEN 474-2 Dec. 2005EMM Safety Part 2
Tractor-dozer5.2 Operators seat - prEN 474-12005, 5.4.1.4 applies with the
following addition - The seat shall meet the input spectral according
to EN ISO 70962000 - - class EM6 for crawler dozers less than 50 000
kg operating mass according to ISO
60161998 - - class EM5 for wheel dozers
- - for crawler dozer greater than or equal to 50
000 kg, see EN ISO 70962000.
53prEN 474
- prEN 474-3 Dec. 2005EMM Safety Part 3
Loader5.3 Operators seat - prEN 474-12005, 5.4.1, applies with the
addition that the seat shall meet the
requirements of the followinginput spectral
class according to EN ISO 70962000 - - EM3 for wheel loaders greater than 4 500 kg
- - EM6 for crawler loaders
- - EM8 for compact wheel loaders greater than 4
500 kg - - EM9 for skid steer loaders.
54prEN 474
- prEN 474-4 Dec. 2005EMM Safety Part 4 backhoe
loaders - 5.3.3 Operator's seat
- prEN 474-12005, 5.4.1, applies with the
addition that the seat shall meet the
requirements of the followinginput spectral
class according to EN ISO 70962000 - - EM5 for backhoe loaders
- - EM8 for compact backhoe loaders.
55prEN 474
- prEN 474-5 Dec. 2005EMM Safety Part 5
hydraulic excavators5.3.3 Operator's
seat5.3.3.2 Vibration - prEN 474-12005, 5.4.1.4, applies to excavators
except for compact excavators. The seat, except
for compact excavators, shall comply with
spectral class EM 6 of EN ISO 70962000. - NOTE According to EN ISO 70962000, 1.2.2, there
is no requirement on seat suspension for seats
used in excavators.
56prEN 474
- prEN 474-6 Dec. 2005EMM Safety Part 6
dumper5.7.2 Operators seat - prEN 474-12005, 5.4.1 applies with the addition
that the seat shall meet the requirements of the
following input spectral class according to EN
ISO 70962000 - - class EM1 for wheeled dumpers
- - class EM7 for compact dumpers
- - class EM6 crawler dumpers.
57prEN 474
- prEN 474-7 Dec. 2005EMM Safety Part 7 scrapers
- 5.2 Operators seat
- prEN 474-12005, 5.4.1.4, applies with the
addition that the seat shall meet the input
spectral class EM2 according to EN ISO 70962000
for scrapers without axle or frame suspension. -
58prEN 474
- prEN 474-8 Dec. 2005EMM Safety Part 8 graders
- 5.2.1 Operators seat
- prEN 474-12005, 5.4.1.4 applies with the
addition that the seat shall meet the requirement
of EN ISO 70962000, tested with the input
spectral class of EM4. -
59prEN 474
- prEN 474-9 Dec. 2005EMM Safety Part 9
pipelayers - 5.2.4 Operators seat
- Pipelayers with measured RMS-values on Z-axis,
in accordance with EN 10322003, higher than 0,5
m/s2 shall be equipped with a suspended seat
complying with EN ISO 70962000 class EM6. - As an alternative without testing the machine,
the pipelayers shall be equipped with a suspended
seat complying with EN ISO 70962000 class EM6. - RMS root mean square, quadratischer Mittelwert
oder auch Effektivwert -
60prEN 474
- prEN 474-10 Dec. 2005EMM Safety Part 10
trenchers - 5.2.3 Operator's seat
- 5.2.3.2.3 Vibration
- prEN 474-12005, 5.4.1.4, applies with the
following addition that the seat shall comply
with EN ISO 70962000, input spectral class EM 6.
61prEN 474
- prEN 474-11 Dec. 2005EMM Safety Part 11 earth
and landfill compactors - 5.3.7 Operators seat
- prEN 474-12005, 5.4.1.3 applies with the
addition that the seat shall meet EN ISO
70962000 for the input spectral class EM3. - NOTE According to EN ISO 70962000, 1.2.2, there
is no requirement on seat vibration damping for
seats used in earth and landfill compactors.
62prEN 474
- prEN 474-12 Dec. 2005EMM Safety Part 12 cable
excavators - 5.3.4 Operator's seat, vibrations
- prEN 474-12005, 5.4.1.4 applies with the
following additions - The seat shall meet the EN ISO 70962000 input
spectral class EM 6.
632002/44/EC
64DTR 25398
In ISO TC 127 DTR 25398Mechanical vibration
Guideline for the assessment of exposure
to whole-body vibration of ride on operated
earth-moving machines Using harmonized data
measured by international institutes, organizatio
ns and manufacturers
65DTR 25398
1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and
definitions 4 Estimation of the vibration
magnitude 5 Estimation of the daily exposure
duration 6 Consideration of uncertainties 7
Determination and assessment of the vibration
exposure 8 Documentation
66DTR 25398
Annex A Machine types and their typical
operating conditions Annex B Equivalent
vibration values aw,eq,x,y,z of whole-body
vibration emission of earth
moving machines Annex C Table C1 Calculation
form for total vibration exposure points
PEtot Annex D Example of
documentation form for whole body vibration
exposure Annex E Guidelines for the use and
working conditions of earth-moving
machines to reduce vibration levels Annex F
Guidelines for Establishing and Reporting the
Vibration Reduction of
Earthmoving Machines Improvements that Reduce
Vibration Levels
67DTR 25398
1 Scope Methods are provided to calculate
exposure using values of emission reported in
Annex B, and are valid for machines equipped with
a seat in accordance to ISO 7096 2000 (see Note
below) Note Additional information is given in
the harmonised standard series of prEN 474 and EN
500.
68DTR 25398
Loader load carry motion wheel loader
V-shape motion mining application (e
xcavation of minerals rocky
application) transfer movement
69Standards
EN 1032 , 2003 Mechanical vibration -
Testing of mobile machinery in order to determine
the vibration emission value EN 13059 ,
2002 Safety of industrial trucks - Test
methods for measuring vibration EN ISO 7096 ,
2001 Earth-moving machinery - Laboratory
evaluation of operator seat vibration
(ISO 70962000)
70Standards
ISO 2631-1 , 1997 Mechanical vibration and
shock - Evaluation of human exposure to
whole-body vibration - Part 1 General
requirements ISO 8041 , 2005 Human
response to vibration - Measuring
instrumentation (DIN EN ISO 8041 ,
2006-06 In preparation) EN 14253 , 2004
Mechanical vibration - Measurement and
calculation of occupational exposure to
whole-body vibration with reference to
health - Practical guidance
71Rev.98/37/EC
- REVISION OF 98/37/ECBeginning of 2010without
a transition period
March 2006
72Rev.98/37/EC
1. ESSENTIAL HEALTH AND SAFETY REQUIREMENTS 1.1.8
. Seating If the machinery is subject to
vibrations, the seat must be designed and
constructed in such a way as to reduce the
vibrations transmitted to the operator to the
lowest level that is reasonably possible See
old 3.2.2
73Rev.98/37/EC
1.5. Risks due to other hazards 1.5.9.
Vibrations Machinery must be designed and
constructed in such a way that risks resulting
from vibrations produced by the machinery are
reduced to the lowest level, taking account of
technical progress and the availability of means
of reducing vibration, in particular at
source. The level of vibration emission may be
assessed with reference to comparative emission
data for similar machinery.
74Rev.98/37/EC
1.7 Information 1.7.4.2. Contents of the
instructions (j) instructions relating to
installation and assembly for reducing noise or
vibration
75Rev.98/37/EC
2. SUPPLEMENTARY ESSENTIAL HEALTH AND
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR CERTAIN CATEGORIES OF
MACHINERY 2.2. Portable hand-held and/or
hand-guided machinery 2.2.1.1. Instructions The
instructions must give the following information
concerning vibrations transmitted by portable
hand-held and hand-guided machinery the
vibration total value to which the hand-arm
system is subjected, if it exceeds 2,5 m/s².
Where this value does not exceed 2,5 m/s², this
must be mentioned, the uncertainty of
measurement.
76Rev.98/37/EC
2. SUPPLEMENTARY ESSENTIAL HEALTH AND
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR CERTAIN CATEGORIES OF
MACHINERY 2.2. Portable hand-held and/or
hand-guided machinery 2.2.1.1 Instructions . . . T
hese values must be either those actually
measured for the machinery in question or those
established on the basis of measurements taken
for technically comparable machinery which is
representative of the machinery to be produced.
77Rev.98/37/EC
2. SUPPLEMENTARY ESSENTIAL HEALTH AND
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR CERTAIN CATEGORIES OF
MACHINERY 2.2. Portable hand-held and/or
hand-guided machinery 2.2.1.1. Instructions . . .
If harmonised standards are not applied, the
vibration data must be measured using the most
appropriate measurement code for the
machinery. The operating conditions during
measurement and the methods used for measurement,
or the reference of the harmonised standard
applied, must be specified. .
78Rev.98/37/EC
3. SUPPLEMENTARY ESSENTIAL HEALTH AND SAFETY
REQUIREMENTS TO OFFSET HAZARDS DUE TO THE
MOBILITY OF MACHINERY 3.6.3. Instructions 3.6.3.1
. Vibrations The instructions must give the
following information concerning vibrations
transmitted by the machinery to the hand-arm
system or to the whole body the vibration
total value to which the hand-arm system is
subjected, if it exceeds 2,5 m/s2. Where this
value does not exceed 2,5 m/s2, this must be
mentioned,
79Rev.98/37/EC
3. SUPPLEMENTARY ESSENTIAL HEALTH AND
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS TO OFFSET THE HAZARDS DUE TO
THE MOBILITY OF MACHINERY3.6.3.
Instructions 3.6.3.1. Vibrations The
instructions must give the following information
concerning vibrations transmitted by the
machinery to the hand-arm system or to the whole
body .. the highest root mean square value
of weighted acceleration to which the whole
body is subjected, if it exceeds 0,5 m/s2.
Where this value does not exceed 0,5 m/s2, this
must be mentioned, the uncertainty of
measurement.
80Rev.98/37/EC
3. SUPPLEMENTARY ESSENTIAL HEALTH AND
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS TO OFFSET THE HAZARDS DUE TO
THE MOBILITY OF MACHINERY3.6.3.
Instructions 3.6.3.1. Vibrations These values
must be either those actually measured for the
machinery in question or those established on the
basis of measurements taken for technically
comparable machinery which is representative of
the machinery to be produced. Where harmonised
standards are not applied, the vibration must be
measured using the most appropriate measurement
code for the machinery concerned. The operating
conditions during measurement and the measurement
codes used must be described.
81Summary
2002/44/EC is directed to EMPLOYERS 2002/44/EC de
scribes minimum requirements 2002/44/EC Maximum
daily (8 h) exposure limit value for WBV shall
be 1,15 m/s2 Maximum daily exposure action
value for WBV shall be 0,5 m/s2 BUT CAN BE
LOWER DECISION BY MEMBER STATE
82Summary
Employers will ask the manufacturer fora
guarantee.A guarantee, that the machine
fullfill the requirements of the directive
2002/44/EC.This is nearly impossible
83Summary
We need a simple tool for the calculation of
the daily exposure.(for the employers)
84Summary
The DTR 25398 is an example for a simple
tool. And can be the basic for additional
machines and applications
85Summary
We need more datas from all around the world,
to reflect real requirements.Theoretical and
scientific values are not helpful for
manufacturer and employers
86Summary
- wolfgang.kummer_at_bgbau.de
87aw,eqz 0,54 m/s2 sz 0,14 m/s2
sz 0,14
88Summary DTR 25398
average
standard deviation (s) m/s²
m/s² machine
machine kind typical
operating condition 1,4aw,eqx
1,4aw,eqy aw,eqz 1,4sx 1,4sy
sz family
single drum
compaction (boulder) 0,47
0,53 0,41 0,17 0,22 0,12
vibrating com. compactor
compaction (silt)
0,29 0,28 0,28
0,08 0,17 0,11
DTR Annex B (Informative) Equivalent vibration
values aw,eq,x,y,z of whole-body vibration
emission of earth moving machines (date April
2005)
89Summary DT 25398
Table 1 Determination of vibration exposure
points PE from the equivalent vibration value and
the associated exposure duration for whole-body
vibration
Exposure duration T (h/min)
Equivalent vibration value aw,eq m/s2
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3.4 daily vibration exposure A(8) A(8) is the
maximum of the A(8) x,y,z values.
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3.6 total vibration exposure points
(PEtot) Maximum of the totals of the partial
vibration exposure points PEix,y,z within one
day
PEtot Maximum of PEtotx, PEtoty or PEtotz
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Figure 1 Relationship between the vibration
exposure points P Etot and the daily vibration
exposure A(8) for whole -body vibration
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7.3 Using vibration exposure points PE only for
European directive
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7.3.1.2 Example 2 Wheel loader and crawler
excavator Parameter - normal working condition
(smooth ground condition) - high experience of
the operator - typical operating condition of
the Wheel loader V- shape motion (loading
dumpers), 4h - typical operating condition of
the crawler excavator mining application,
2,5h Use the average values of Annex B.
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7.3.1.2 Example 2 Wheel loader and crawler
excavator
PE tot max. S PEx, S PEy or S PEz 253 For
decision use Table 2 (point 7.3)
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7.3 Using vibration exposure points PE only for
European directive
PE tot 253
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Conclusion Since the daily total vibration
exposure points are between 100 and 529, the
vibration exposure action value is exceeded, but
not the exposure limit value. Implement a
suitable programme of control measures and health
surveillance if the exposure remains above the
exposure action value.
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Annex A Machine types and their typical
operating conditions Annex B Equivalent
vibration values aw,eq,x,y,z of whole-body
vibration emission of earth
moving machines Annex C Table C1 Calculation
form for total vibration exposure points
PEtot Annex D Example of
documentation form for whole body vibration
exposure Annex E Guidelines for the use and
working conditions of earth-moving
machines to reduce vibration levels Annex F
Guidelines for Establishing and Reporting the
Vibration Reduction of
Earthmoving Machines Improvements that Reduce
Vibration Levels
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Thank you very mutch