The Human Body

1
(No Transcript)
2
The Human Body

• Welcome to the CSI headquarters.
• Your job is to be trained on the anatomy of the
  human body so you can help determine the cause of
  death for the victims.
• Your first mission is to learn about each system.
• There will be several quizzes, so study hard.

3
Body Organization

• Cells- smallest part of a living organism
• Tissues- a group of similar cells working
  together
• Organs- two or more tissues working together
• Organ systems- two or more organs working
  together.

4
The Skeletal System

• Made of BONES and CARTLAGE
• Inside the bones are soft tissues called marrow.
• Red marrow makes red blood cells.

5
Bones you should know

• Skull
• Clavicle
• Ribs
• Humerus
• Radius
• Ulna
• Carpals
• Phalanges (fingers)
• Pelvic girdle
• Back bone
• Femur
• Patella
• Tibia
• Fibula
• Tarsals
• Phalanges (toes)

6
The Muscular System

• Muscles moves the bones.
• There are 3 types-
• Smooth- in the digestive and blood vessels
• Cardiac- found in your heart
• Skeletal- attached to your bones for movement
• Tendons- connect skeletal muscles to the bones
• Flexors- a muscle that bends a part of the body.
• Extensors- a muscle that straightens part of the
  body.

7
Muscles you should know

• Frontalis
• Trapezius
• Deltoid
• Triceps
• Biceps
• Pectoralis
• Abdominal
• Sartorius
• Femoris
• Gastrocnemius
• Achilles tendon

8
The Circulatory System

• Movement of blood through the body
• Made up of-
• Heart, blood vessels, and blood
• All vertebrates have a closed circulatory system-
  blood moves through vessels

9
Job of the Circulatory system

• Job- transport food and oxygen
• Transports food from the small intestine to the
  rest of the body.
• Transports oxygen from the lungs to the cells in
  the body.
• Transports waste- carries away waste from the
  cells like CO2
• Regulates body temperature in warm blooded
  animals.

10
Circulatory System
Arteries
Vein

• Arteries bring oxygen rich blood to the body from
  the heart. Arteries Away
• Veins bring oxygen poor blood back to the heart.
  The blood is high in CO2.

HEART
11
(No Transcript)
12
The Digestive system

• Breaks down food.
• Food moves through a tube in your body called the
  digestive track. It is 10 m long.
• Digestion starts in your mouth by chewing.
• Mechanical digestion- breaking, crushing, mashing
  of food.
• Chemical digestion- large molecules are broken
  down by enzymes into protein and nutrients.

13
Parts of the digestive system

• Mouth- saliva helps coat and break down food.
• Pharynx- tube for both air and food
• Esophagus- connects mouth to stomach
• Stomach- secretes acid to break down food and
  kill bacteria
• Small intestine- where most of the digestion
  takes place.

14
Parts of the digestive system cont.

• The pancreas and liver secrete enzymes into the
  small intestine to help with digestion.
• Gallbladder- stores bile
• Large intestine- stores, compacts, and eliminates
  material from the body.
• Rectum- last part of the large intestine stores
  feces until it can be released.
• Anus- Where the waste leaves the body.

15
The digestive system
Label all these parts. Page 568, 573, 574
16
The Respiratory System

• Respiration- bringing in oxygen an getting rid of
  carbon dioxide.
• 2 Main jobs
• TAKE IN OXYGEN
• REMOVE CARBON DIOXIDE WASTE
• Lungs, throat, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi,
  nose, mouth.

17
The Respiratory system
Page 376

• Nose- air can enter and leave through the nose
• Pharynx
• Larynx- vocal cords
• Trachea- windpipe- leads to the lungs
• Bronchi- splits air to both lungs
• Lungs- 2 sponge like organs

18
The Nervous System

• Controls all of your bodys activities
• Brain, spinal cord, and nerves
• Nerves carry information to the spinal cord and
  brain.

19
A Nerve Cell
20
The Nervous System-

• Brain
• Spinal Cord

21
The Immune System

• An army on individual cells, tissues and organs
  that work together to fight invading diseases.
• Macrophage cells eat any microorganism or virus
  tat is floating around.
• T blood cells remember past infections and store
  the battle plans.
• B blood cells make the antibodies to kill the
  disease causing agent.

22
The immune system

• Draw and label the microphage inside the arteries
  or veins

23
Immune System

• Draw and label the T and B blood cells in the
  arteries and veins.

24
The Endocrine System

• All the glands
• Glands- organ that makes substances used or
  released by the body.
• Glands help control bodily functions like sweat
  and saliva.

25
The Endocrine System

• Label all the glands in the picture. Boys will
  label the Testis and girls will label the ovary.

26
The Excretory System

• In charge of removing waste.
• Lungs- remove CO2
• Kidneys- remove liquid waste from blood
• The liquid is stored in the bladder
• Skin- removes liquid waste and salt when you
  sweat.

27
The Excretory system

• Solid waste is removed through the large
  intestine into the rectum. The rectum stores the
  waste until you can release it.
• The solid waste is excreted through the anus.

28
The Excretory System

• Use the book on page 388 to label the following
  parts.
• Kidneys
• Skin
• Large intestine
• Rectum
• Anus
• Bladder
• Urethra

29
The Reproductive System- do not write!

• There are male and female reproductive systems.
  Take notes on each system, but add only the
  appropriate system to your body.

30
The female Reproductive System- copy!

• Makes eggs
• Located inside the body
• Ovaries- organ that makes female hormones and
  eggs
• Oviduct- tube that carries eggs to the uterus.
• Uterus- hollow organ with thick walls where an
  embryo developes.

31
The female reproductive system

• Cervix- lower end of the uterus
• Vagina- opening through which the baby passes
  during birth.
• Girls will label these parts on their body.

32
Female reproductive system

• Ovary
• Uterus
• Vagina

33
The male reproductive system

• Makes sperm
• Mostly outside the body
• Testes- produce hormones and sperm- they rest in
  a pocket of skin called the scrotum.
• Testosterone is a hormone that controls secondary
  sex characteristics. Why boys get a deep voice
  and body hair.

34
The male reproductive system

• Urethra- is part of the excretory system also.
• Where both sperm and urine pass through.
• Boys- you will label these parts on your human
  body.

35
Male reproductive system

• Prostate
• Vas deferens
• Testis

36
The Lymphatic System

• Transports clear fluid from tissues to the
  circulatory system.
• Lymph nodes are small bean shaped structures that
  store the fluid before it goes to the blood
  stream.

37
The lymphatic system- do not write.

• The lymph nodes get bigger during an infection
  because they are storing more fluid.
• Your doctor checks the lymph nodes under your
  neck when you have a cold.

38
The lymphatic system

• Use page 555 to label the following
• Tonsils
• Spleen
• Lymph nodes- label two nodes under your neck.