Rat Dissection

1
Rat Dissection
RATS

• The following slides are intended to helpyou
  with dissection of the rat and then to review
  for the lab practical that will follow.

2
Rat Dissection
RATS

• Scientific Name Rattus norvegicus
• Common Name Rat
• Kingdom- Animalia
• Phylum- Chordata
• Subphylum- Vertebrata
• Class- Mammalia
• Order- Rodentia

3
Rat Dissection
SOURCES

• The following web sites were used to obtain
  various dissection pictures.
• (1) http//www.umanitoba.ca/faculties/science/biol
  ogical_sciences/lab15/biolab15_1.html
• (2) http//www.gisbornesc.vic.edu.au/home/jans/hom
  e/rat.htm
• (3) http//www.biologycorner.com/bio3/rat_guide.ht
  ml
• (4) http//www.biologymad.com/ratphotos/ratphotos.
  htm
• (5) http//www.baa.duke.edu/companat/BAA_289L_2004
  /heart/Rat/rat_thorax.htm
• (6) http//instruct1.cit.cornell.edu/courses/biog1
  05/images/ratpics/unit6/
• (7) http//www.victoriacollege.edu/dept/bio/RatDis
  section/index.htm This has an excellent self
  quiz!
• Urogenital Tutorial- http//www.biolsci.monash.edu
  .au/undergrad/erat/index.html

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Rat Dissection
REMOVING SKIN
Source 4
5
Rat Dissection
REMOVING SKIN
Source 7
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Rat Dissection
REMOVING SKIN
Source 4
7
Rat Dissection
MUSCLES
Source 5
8
Rat Dissection
MUSCLES
Source 1
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Rat Dissection
MUSCLES
Source 5
10
Rat Dissection
MUSCLES
Source 5
11
Rat Dissection
MUSCLES
Source 5
12
Rat Dissection
MUSCLES
Source 1
13
Rat Dissection
MUSCLES
Source 1
14
Rat Dissection
MUSCLES
Source 5
15
Rat Dissection
MUSCLES
Source 5
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Rat Dissection
MUSCLES
Source 5
17
Rat Dissection
MUSCLES
Source 5
18
Rat Dissection
MUSCLES
Source 5
19
Rat Dissection
MUSCLES
Source 5
20
Rat Dissection
ORAL CAVITY
Source 6
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Rat Dissection
ORAL CAVITY
Source 6
22
Rat Dissection
ABDOMINAL CAVITY
Source 4
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Rat Dissection
ABDOMINAL CAVITY
Source 4
24
Rat Dissection
ABDOMINAL CAVITY
Source 7
25
Rat Dissection
DIGESTIVE ORGANS
Source 1
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Rat Dissection
DIGESTIVE ORGANS
Source 6
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Rat Dissection
DIGESTIVE ORGANS
Source 6
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Rat Dissection
DIGESTIVE ORGANS
Source 1
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Rat Dissection
DIGESTIVE ORGANS
Source 5
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Rat Dissection
DIGESTIVE ORGANS
Source 1
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Rat Dissection
DIGESTIVE ORGANS
Source 6
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Rat Dissection
DIGESTIVE ORGANS
Source 1
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Rat Dissection
THORACIC CAVITY
 
 
 
 
Source 1
34
Rat Dissection
HEART LUNGS
Source 5
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Rat Dissection
RESPIRATORY ORGANS
Source 1
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Rat Dissection
CIRCULATORY ORGANS
Source 1
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Rat Dissection
HEART
Source 5
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Rat Dissection
CIRCULATORY ORGANS
Source 1
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Rat Dissection
UROGENITAL ORGANS
Source 1
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Rat Dissection
EXCRETORY ORGANS
Source 5
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Rat Dissection
UROGENITAL ORGANS
Source 5
42
Rat Dissection
Review and Quiz Yourself
THORACIC CAVITY

• Trachea
• Heart
• Lung
• Diaphragm

Source 2
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Rat Dissection
Review and Quiz Yourself
HEART

• Right Atrium
• Right Ventricle
• Left Atrium
• Left Ventricle

Source 2
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Rat Dissection
Review and Quiz Yourself
THORACIC CIRCULATION

• Jugular Vein
• Carotid Artery
• Superior Vena Cava
• AscendingAorta
• Atrium (right)
• Ventricles

Source 2
45
Rat Dissection
ABDOMINAL CAVITY

• You should be familiar with the order of the
  parts of the alimentary canal. Following the path
  that food would take, we would pass through
• Oral Cavity
• Pharynx
• Esophagus
• Stomach
• Pyloric Sphincter
• Small Intestine
• Duodenum
• Jejunum
• Ileum
• Large Intestine
• Cecum
• Colon - Ascending Limb - Transverse Limb -
  Descending Limb
• Rectum
• Anus

Source 1
46
Rat Dissection
Review and Quiz Yourself
ABDOMINAL CAVITY

• 1. Liver
• 2. Stomach
• 3. Pancreas
• 4. Duodenum
• 5. Small Intestines
• 6. Cecum
• 7. Urinary Bladder

Source 2
47
Rat Dissection
Review and Quiz Yourself
ABDOMINAL CIRCULATION

• 1. Abdominal Aorta
• 2. Renal Artery (left)
• 3. Renal Vein (left)
• 4. Inferior Vena Cava
• 5. Hepatic PortalVein

Source 2
48
Rat Dissection
Review and Quiz Yourself
MALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS

• 1. Coagulating Gland
• 2. Urinary Bladder
• 3. Vas Deferens
• 4. Epididymis
• 5. Small Intestines
• 6. Seminal Vesicle
• 7. Prostate Gland
• 8. Penis
• 9. Testis
• 10.Scrotum

Source 2
49
Rat Dissection
Review and Quiz Yourself
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS

• Stomach
• Kidney
• Ovary
• Oviduct
• Uterine Horn
• Large Intestine
• Urinary Bladder

Source 2
50
Rat Dissection
Review and Quiz Yourself
TAGGED ORGANS

• 10.
• 13.
• 15.

Masseter
BicepsBrachii
Rib Cage
Source 7
51
Rat Dissection
Review and Quiz Yourself
TAGGED ORGANS

• 5.
• 9.
• 22.
• 27.

Esophagus
Lung
Trachea
Heart
Source 7
52
Rat Dissection
Review and Quiz Yourself
TAGGED ORGANS

• 3.
• 7.
• 8.
• 11.
• 17.
• 18.

Diaphragm
Cecum
Liver
Ovary
Small Intestine
Spleen
Source 7
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Rat Dissection
Review and Quiz Yourself
TAGGED ORGANS

• 24.
• 26.

Urinary Bladder
UterineHorn
Source 7
54
Rat Dissection
Review and Quiz Yourself
TAGGED ORGANS

• 1.
• 6.
• 20.
• 23.
• 25.

Adrenal Gland
Kidney
Stomach
Ureter
Rectum
Source 7
55
Rat Dissection
Review and Quiz Yourself
ANATOMICAL TERMS
NAME THAT FUNCTION
Heres a word bank to help you outCaudalCranial
DistalDorsalLateralMedialProximalVentral

• Toward the midline
• Toward the back (upper surface of body)
• Toward the tail
• Toward the side
• Farthest from the point of attachment
• Toward the belly (underside of body)
• Closest to the point of attachment
• Toward the head

Medial
Dorsal
Caudal
Lateral
Distal
Ventral
Proximal
Cranial
56
Rat Dissection
Review and Quiz Yourself
ANATOMICAL TERMS
NAME THAT FUNCTION

• The term referring to bending of a joint
• The term referring to movement of an appendage
  toward the long axis of the body
• The term referring to straightening of a joint
• The term referring to movement of an appendage
  away from the long axis of the body

Flexion
Adduction
Extension
Abduction
57
Rat Dissection
Review and Quiz Yourself
ORGAN FUNCTION
NAME THAT ORGAN
Vibrissae
Heres a word bank to help you outMesenteryNare
sPeritoneumPinnaSeptumVibrissaeViscera

• The whiskers, which have a sensory function
• The flap-like external ear that directs sound
  waves into the ear opening
• Paired openings leading into the nose
• Organs of the thoracic and abdominal cavities
• A partition or wall separating 2 cavities
• A membrane which suspends the organs
• Shiny membrane that lines the abdominal cavity

Pinna
Nares
Viscera
Septum
Mesentery
Peritoneum
58
Rat Dissection
Review and Quiz Yourself
ORGAN FUNCTION
NAME THAT MUSCLE
Heres a word bank to help you outBiceps
BrachiiBiceps FemorisExternal
ObliquesGastrocnemiusGluteus MaximusGracilisLa
tissimus DorsiMasseterPectoralis MajorTriceps
Brachi
Biceps Femoris
or
Gluteus Maximus

• Abducts the thigh
• Extends the forelimb
• Constricts the abdomen
• Closes the jaw
• Adducts the thigh
• Flexes the forelimb
• Draws the forelimb toward the chest
• Extends the foot
• Moves the forelimb dorsally caudally

Triceps Brachii
External Obliques
Masseter
Gracilis
Biceps Brachii
Pectoralis Major
Gastrocnemius
Latissimus Dorsi
59
Rat Dissection
Review and Quiz Yourself
ORGAN FUNCTION
NAME THAT ORGAN
Heres a word bank to help you outDiaphragmHard
PalateLungsSoft PalateTeethThymus
GlandThyroid GlandTongueTrachea

• Produces WBCs (White blood cells)
• Moves food in mouth and tastes
• Organs for gas exchange
• Windpipe leading from pharynx to lungs
• Bony anterior roof of mouth
• Muscular sheet that separates the thoracic and
  abdominal cavities
• Incisors (biting) and molars (grinding)
• Muscular posterior roof of mouth
• Affects metabolic rate and body growth

Thymus Gland
Tongue
Lungs
Trachae
Hard Palate
Diaphragm
Teeth
Soft Palate
Thyroid Gland
60
Rat Dissection
Review and Quiz Yourself
ORGAN FUNCTION
NAME THAT ORGAN
Heres a word bank to help you outCecumEsophagu
sLarge IntestineLiverPancreasSmall
IntestineSpleenStomachRectumRugae

• Produces insulin for glucose metabolism
• Aids in digestion of proteins
• Food tube from pharynx to stomach
• Digests and absorbs nutrients
• Folds in stomach that help mix food
• Secretes bile, cleans blood, stores glycogen
• Cleans blood, removes old RBCs
• Reabsorption of water
• Blind pouch where ileum joins colon
• End of intestines, compaction of feces

Pancreas
Stomach
Esophagus
Small Intestines
Rugae
Liver
Spleen
Large Intestine
Cecum
Rectum
61
Rat Dissection
Review and Quiz Yourself
ORGAN FUNCTION
NAME THAT ORGAN
Heres a word bank to help you outBladderKidney
OvaryProstateScrotumSeminal
VesicleTestesUreterUterine Horn
Kidney

• Removes wastes excess H20 from blood
• Houses developing fetuses
• Produces and stores sperm
• Stores urine before excretion
• Secretes a fluid that aids spermsurvival and
  motility
• Produces eggs
• Carry urine from kidney to bladder
• Secretes a fluid that nourishes sperm
• Sac that holds the testes

Uterine Horn
Testes
Bladder
Prostate
Ovary
Ureter
Seminal Vesicle
Scrotum
62
Rat Dissection
Review and Quiz Yourself
ORGAN FUNCTION
NAME THAT ORGAN
Heres a word bank to help you outAbdominal
AortaAortaAtriaCommon CarotidPericardial
SacPulmonary ArteryRenal ArteryVena
CavaVentricles
Pulmonary Artery

• Takes blood from heart to lungs
• Large veins take blood to right atrium
• Top chambers, receive blood
• Membrane around heart
• Artery taking blood to head
• Bottom chambers that pump blood out
• Largest artery taking blood from left ventricle
• Lower descending aorta takes blood to lower
  trunk and legs
• Takes blood to kidneys

Vena Cava
Atria
Pericardial Sac
Common Carotid
Ventricles
Aorta
Abdominal Aorta
Renal Artery