Chapter 5 Distributed Systems

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Chapter 5Distributed Systems

• Jeff McCrea

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Overview

• About Distribute Systems (What, When, How)
• Six Types of Distributed Systems
• The IT Infrastructure
• CLJ
• CTQ

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Distributed Systems

• Architecture of Choice for todays Business
• Key Definitions
• IT Architecture- blueprint that shows how a
  system, house, vehicle, or product will look, and
  how its parts interrelate.
• IT Infrastructure- actual implementation of the
  architecture, specifically processes, software,
  databases, etc.

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Distributed Systems- (What)

• Four Main Attributes
• Where is the process done?
• -Distributed Processing
• How are the processes and other devices
  interconnected?
• -Connectivity
• Where is the information stored?
• -Distributed Databases
• What rules and standards are used?
• -System-wide rules

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Distributed Systems (When)

• Three Business Questions to Ask
• -Are the operations interdependent?
• -Are the businesses really homogeneous?
• -Does the corporate culture support
  decentralization?

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Distributed Systems- (How)

• Two Frameworks for Implementation
• -Organizational- six levels of an organization
  enterprise, region/country, site,
  department/process, work group/team,
  individuals.
• -Technical- SUMURU architecture

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Six Types of Distributed Systems

• Host-Based Hierarchy-
• Large host above midrange computers and
  terminals.
• Favored by mainframe vendors because of
  master/slave relationship.
• Data can be stored in various places.

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Six Types (cont.)

• Decentralized Stand-Alone System-
• - Not distributed, but decentralized.
• - Separate departmental systems that communicate
  via terminals.
• Many different unconnected systems.
• ERP systems are replacing them.

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Six Types (cont.)

• Peer-to-Peer LAN-based System-
• Use LAN (local area network) for desktop access.
• LAN provides links between PCs, printers, and
  other network gateways.
• No Hierarchy.

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Six Types (cont.)

• Hybrid Enterprise-wide System-
• Mix of first three system forms linked with
  networks.
• Networks- MAN, WAN, and Internet.
• Allows for automation of business processes that
  span several functions.

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Six Types (cont.)

• Client-Server System-
• Splits workload between client and server.
• Network is dividing line between client-side and
  server-side.
• Broken into distributed presentation, remote
  presentation, distributed application function,
  remote data management, and distributed
  databases.

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Six Types (cont.)

• Internet-centric Computing Systems-
• Internet is heart of distribution.
• Three types network-centric, server-based
  computing, and peer-to-peer computing.

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IT Infrastructure

• Four Types of IT Investments-
• 1. Strategic Investment
• 2. Informational Investment
• 3. Transactional Investment
• 4. Infrastructure Investment

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IT Infrastructure

• Three Views of Infrastructure
• 1. Economies of Scale (Utility)
• -necessary service, benefits through cost
  savings from econ. of scale.
• 2. Support for Business Programs (Dependent)
• -ties to investments, infrastructure is business
  expense, value measured through short-term
  business benefits.
• 3. Flexibility to Meet Changes in the
  Marketplace (Enabling)
• -continuous modifications to infrastructure to
  align to business strategy.

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CLJ

• Damn the Lawsuits! Investing in P2P Forges on
  by Robert La Franco
• Continuous push of P2P technology.
• P2P can better the business, not just trade
  music.
• P2P allows co-workers, partners, and clients to
  distribute data among themselves.
• Distributed computing is a pervasive and
  irreplaceable transformation of the Internet.
• Use existing technology and Internet to better
  communication.
• Use P2P to connect computing devices of all
  kinds.
• Groove Network- Linking thousands of corporate
  seats with virtual networks, not consumer
  applications.
• Distribution on the Internet backbone, rather
  than a central server is going to be the
  technology that finally allows media companies to
  establish workable business models on the web.

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CTQs

• Can P2P take off into the future for more than
  music?
• Will Napsters Failure hurt the technology?
• If successful, how long until all businesses
  utilize P2P technology?
• What are other uses for P2P technology?
• Will current networks disappear for Internet
  networks?
• Are there any security issues with P2P
  technology?
• How does P2P fit into the globalization of the
  economy?