Education in the 21st Century

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Education in the 21st Century

• Weve slid into the 21st Century-and into the
  digital age-still doing a great many things the
  old way.
• Two Terms Coined by Marc Prensky
• Digital Native Todays Students
• Native speakers of Technology
• Digital Immigrant Those of us not born in the
  digital age.
• Like those who learn a second language late in
  life, have an accent we too have an accent.
• Need to Shift Gears and abandon our pre-digital
  instincts and comfort zones.

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Student Engagement

• We must engage them the 21st Century Way
• Electronically
• Not through graphics and multimedia
• Gameplay
• Incorporating into our classrooms the same
  combination of desirable goals interesting
  choices immediate and useful feedback and
  opportunities to level up (see improvement)
  that engage them in their favorite computer game.

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Collaborating with Students

• Can no longer decide for our students we need to
  decide with them.
• Include them in all classroom decision making
• Discussions about curriculum development
• Teaching methods
• School organization
• Discipline
• Assignments
• May sound like the inmates running the asylum.
• Through this we may gain ideas to solve
  educations thorniest problems.

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Students May Have Answers

• Webcams in every classroom?
• Show parents and administrators what is really
  going on in the classroom.
• Students may invent technological solutions
  streamlining homework submission and correction,
  freeing teachers up for more meaningful work.
• Students are the source for the best kind of
  technology that teachers should be using in the
  classroom

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Flexible Organization

• Herding involuntary assignment to specific
  classes or groups not for their benefit but for
  the schools.
• Schooling has to be more adaptive to student
  needs.
• Games are adaptive to the level of the player?
• Students should get to choose their learning
  partners not limited to someone in their class.
  Virtual learning partner.

Solution
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Digital Tools

• Todays students have mastered a lot of tools
• Cell phones Camera Phones with Web access
• Computers
• MP3 players
• IPODs
• Educating or evaluating them without these tools
  makes no more sense to them than educating or
  evaluating a plumber without his or her wrench!

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Not Computers?

• One of the most important tools for 21st Century
  students is not a computer!
• Its a cell phone which are banned in most of
  our schools.
• Cell phones have enormous capability
• Voice short messaging service graphics, user
  controlled operating systems down-loadables
  browsers camera functions (still and video) and
  geopositioning.
• Some have sensors fingerprint readers and voice
  recognition thumb keyboards and styluses as well
  as plug in screens and headphones turn phones
  into input and output devices.

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Cell phones a learning tool?

• Teachers could deliver an interactive lesson over
  the cell phone and use short messaging service to
  quiz students.
• Students could access animations in anatomy or
  forensics.
• Students will soon be able to download programs
  into their cell phones.
• In Europe China Japan and the Philippines cell
  phones are being used as learning tools.

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Why not the U.S.?

• They are using them for cheating. (Make the
  tests open-book!)
• They are taking inappropriate pictures.
  (Instill some responsibility!)
• Students will vote with their attention!
• Adults vote with their feet when a presentation
  is not compelling. Why shouldnt our students
  have the same option with their education when
  educators fail to deliver compelling content?

The Real Reason
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Legacy vs. Future Learning

• Currently, the curriculums of the pastthe
  legacy part of our kids learningare
  interfering with and cutting into the future
  curriculumthe skills and knowledge that students
  need to know for the 21st century. Marc Prensky
• Prensky suggests schools need to teach kids how
  to program filter knowledge, and maximize the
  features and connectivity of their tools.

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School vs. After School

• Our education is quickly bifurcating.
• The formal half, school is becoming an
  increasingly moribund and irrelevant institution.
  Its only function for many students is to provide
  them with a credential that their parents say
  they need.
• The informal, exciting, half is the education
  that happens after school. This is the place
  where the 21st Century students are learning
  about their world.
• Interesting that so many software and Web
  programs aimed at enhancing kids education are
  designed for after school rather than in-school
  use.

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The Bottom Line

• If our schools in the 21st Century are to be
  anything more than holding pens for students
  while their parents work, we desperately need to
  find ways to help teachers integrate kids
  technology-rich after school lives with their
  lives in-school. Marc Prensky

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Technology Achievement

• The Bottom Line
• Harold Wenglinsky
• Scores on the National Assessment of Educational
  Progress indicate that technology affects student
  achievement in some surprising ways.

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Results for Younger Students

• Results from the NAEP for 4th 8th grades in
  Math and Science 2001
• Indicated that the quality of computer work was
  more important than the quantity.
• Using computers to help students work through
  complex problems, thus tapping higher order
  thinking skills, produced greater benefits than
  using computers to drill on routine tasks.
• The fact that computers were most effective when
  teachers used them to promote higher order
  thinking is a huge argument in favor of
  technology.
• The survey confirmed that teachers were not using
  computers effectively. Fewer than 30 reported
  their teachers used computers for higher order
  thinking skills.

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Results for Seniors

• 12th grade performance on the 2001 NAEP U.S.
  History Assessment showed that the optimal role
  for technology for high school students is
  different than for elementary and middle school
  students.
• High school students need to deepen their
  thinking and enhance their work products through
  technology.
• The more they use computers in school the poorer
  they did on the test.
• The more they use computers outside of school the
  better they did.

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How should they be used?

• Word processing students who are skillful at
  keyboarding can more easily express their ideas
  than students who scribble out their homework
  with a pen and paper.
• Using computers for art projects Although there
  may not be any history knowledge involved in
  creating computer graphics, this activity
  provides students with a set of conceptual tools
  that they can apply across subject areas.
• Creating charts tables and graphs These tasks
  help students think abstractly about economic,
  social and physical phenomena.
• Completing projects Experience in planning,
  implementing, and sustaining a large projecta
  practice referred to as project-based learning,
  appears to promote student achievement.

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How should they be used?

• Using computers to communicate through e-mail and
  chat groups students rarely have an e-mail
  address for the purpose of completing history
  homework. But if students have one they can
  discuss readings homework assignments and
  projects in several classes.

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Best Role for Technology

• Current thinking is that high school teachers
  must come up with unique ways to incorporate
  computers into their students learning tasks.
• The findings of this study suggest that rather
  than planning lessons around the computer, high
  school teachers should assume that students will
  use technology-based tools to address some of
  their learning goals.
• Instead of requiring students to use the Internet
  to complete a research paper assign the research
  paper and assume that they will use technology.

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What do schools need to do?

• There are two groups of students
• Group A that have few if any technology skills.
• Group B those that have advanced skills.
• Schools need to provide appropriate technology
  training for both groups.

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How are schools using technology?

• Electronic presentation 81
• Word processing 68
• Internet 50
• Publishing 40
• Web editors 36
• Spreadsheets 6
• Databases lt1
• E-mail lt1

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Did you know?

• Last year schools spent on average 103 per
  student for education technology.
• But there was a huge shift from spending on
  instructional technologies toward data-management
  technologies to meet the expansive reporting
  requirements of No Child Left Behind.

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Statistics

• In 2002, 83 of family households reported
  computer ownership.
• 78 of these homes had Internet access.
• Fall of 2002, 99 of schools had Internet access
  and expanded Internet access to 92 of
  instructional rooms.
• 90 of children between the ages of 5-17 use
  computers.
• 65 of children between 2-17 use the Internet at
  home school or some other location.
• 35 of children between 2-5 went on-line (29
  increase from 2000)
• 78 of students 12-17 go on-line
• 94 of students 12-17 go on-line to complete
  homework
• 83 of students 12-17 report going on-line more
  from home than school.

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Why do they use technology?

• According to the Pew Internet and Life Project,
  students rely on Internet technology to
• Complete schoolwork more quickly
• Draw upon the latest knowledge and sourced
  information
• Papers and projects
• Better juggle school assignments and
  extra-curricular activities.
• Communicate with other classmates to discuss
  projects upcoming tests homework shortcuts and
  school assignment-pertinent websites.

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Dont forget NCLB

• With the pressure put on schools to meet NCLB
  requirements, it is easy to say we cant do that
  and meet AYP!
• Not an option
• NCLB requires that all students will be
  technologically literate by the 8th grade.
• December 31, 2006 States must show how they are
  integrating technology into curriculum and
  teaching.

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ISTE National Education Technology Standards

• I. BASIC OPERATIONS AND CONCEPTS
• II. SOCIAL, ETHICAL, AND HUMAN ISSUES
• III. TECHNOLOGY PRODUCTIVITY TOOLS
• IV. TECHNOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS TOOLS
• V. TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH TOOLS
• VI. TECHNOLOGY PROBLEM-SOLVING AND
  DECISION-MAKING TOOLS