Chapter 2 The Internet and World Wide Web

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Chapter 2The Internet and World Wide Web
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Chapter 2 Objectives
Discuss the history of the Internet
Describe the types of Web sites
Explain how to access andconnect to the Internet
Recognize how Web pagesuse graphics, animation,
audio,video, virtual reality, and plug-ins
Analyze an IP address
Describe the types of e-commerce
Identify the components of a Web address
Explain the purpose of a Web browser
Identify the rules of netiquette
Search for information on the Web
Identify the steps and tools required for Web
publishing
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The Internet

• What are some services found on the Internet?

p. 68 Fig. 2-1
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History of the Internet

• How did the Internet originate?

p. 68
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History of the Internet

• How has the Internet grown?

p. 69
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History of the Internet

• Who controls the Internet?

• No oneccit is a public, cooperative,
  andindependent network
• Several organizations set standards

p. 70
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How the Internet Works

• How can you connect to the Internet?

• High-speed connection

• Slow-speed technology

• Dial-up accessmodem in your computer uses a
  standard telephone line to connect to the
  Internet

Digital subscriber line (DSL), cable telephone
Internet services (CATV), cable modem provide
connections using regular copper telephone lines
Connection is always onwhenever the computer
is running
Connection must be established each time you log
on. Slow but inexpensive
p. 70
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How the Internet Works

• How to access the internet?

We can use internet access provider a
business that provides individuals and companies
access to the internet.
Two internet access provider ISP (Internet
service provider) a regional or national
internet access provider. OSP (online service
provider) has many members-only features. (news,
weather, games, e-mail, instant messaging), e.g.
AOL and MSN.
p. 72 Fig. 2-2
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How the Internet Works

• What is a domain name?

• Text version of Internet protocol (IP) address

• Number that uniquely identifies each computer or
  device connected to Internet

p. 74 Figs. 2-4 2-5
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How the internet works

• DNS (Domain name system)
• Is the method that internet uses to store domain
  names
• and their corresponding IP addresses.
• When you specify a domain name, a DNS server
• translates the domain name to its associated IP
• address.

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How the internet works

• Details on IP address
• Four groups of numbers in the dotted quad are
  called
• octets. Each has 8 bits in binary format.
• The first three octets identifies the network,
  and the
• last identifies the specific computer.
• Q How many possible IP addresses?
• what is the actual number of available IP ?
• How can you know the IP address of your
  computer?

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How the internet works

• Static IP and dynamic IP
• Static IP usually connected to the internet and
  the IP
• address does not change often.
• Dynamic IP
• When you connect to the internet using your home
• computer, you most likely are using a dynamic IP.
  
• Your access provider uses the Dynamic Host
• Configuration Protocol (DHCP) to assign your
• compute a temporary dynamic IP. The dynamic IP is
  
• unique only for that session.

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The World Wide Web
What is the World Wide Web (WWW)?
p. 75
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The World Wide Web

• What is downloading?

• The process of a computer receiving information
• Depending upon connection speed, downloading can
  take from a few seconds to several minutes

p. 76
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The World Wide Web

• What is a URL ( Uniform Resource Locator )?

Unique address for a Web page http stands for
Hypertext transfer Protocol. A set of rules
defines how pages transfer on the internet.
p. 76 Fig. 2-8
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The world wide web

• A web server delivers the Web page to your
• computer ( in response to your request)
• A web server can push the content to your
• computer. (e.g. some web servers can display
• current sporting event scores or weather reports
  on
• your computer.)

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The World Wide Web

• What is a hyperlink (link)?

• Built-in connection to another related Web page
  location

• Item found elsewhere on same Web page
• Different Web page at same Web site
• Web page at a different Web site

p. 77
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The World Wide Web

• How can you recognize links?

• Pointer changes to a small handwhen you point
  toa link

• A link can be text or an image

• Text links areusually underlinedand in a
  differentcolor

p. 78 Fig. 2-9
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The World Wide Web

• What is a search engine?

• Program used to find Web sites and Web pages by
  entering words or phrases called search text

• Also called a keyword

p. 78 Fig. 2-10
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The World Wide Web

• What is a subject directory?

• Search tool with organized set of topics and
  subtopics

• Lets you find information by clicking links
  rather than entering keywords

p. 80 Fig. 2-12
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The World Wide Web

• What are the eight basic types of Web sites?

p. 80 Fig. 2-13
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The World Wide Web

• What is a portal?

• A Web site that offers a variety of services from
  one, convenient location, usually for free

• Searching, sports, e-mail, news, weather,
  auctions, Web communities (Web sites that join
  people with similar interests)

p. 82 Fig. 2-13a
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The World Wide Web

• What is a news Web site?

• Contains newsworthy material

• Stories and articles relating to current events,
  life, money, sports, and weather

p. 82 Fig. 2-13b
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The World Wide Web

• What is an informational Web site?

• Contains factual information
• Created by organizations and government agencies

p. 82 Fig. 2-13c
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The World Wide Web

• What is a business/marketing Web site?

• Contains content that promotes products

• Allows you to purchase products or services online

p. 82 Fig. 2-13d
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The World Wide Web

• What is an educational Web site?

• Offers avenues for formal and informal
  teachingand learning

• Some companies offer online training for
  employees
• Some colleges offer online classes and degrees

p. 82 Fig. 2-13e
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The World Wide Web

• What is an entertainment Web site?

• Offers an interactive environment featuring
  music, video, sports, games, and more

p. 83 Fig. 2-13f
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The World Wide Web

• What is an advocacy Web site?

• Contains content that describes a cause,
  opinion,or idea

p. 83 Fig. 2-13g
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The World Wide Web

• What is a personal Web site?

• Web page maintained by private individual
• Reasons sharing life experience with the
  worldor job hunting

p. 83 Fig. 2-13h
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The World Wide Web

• What is multimedia?

• Application integrating text with other media
  elements

• Graphics
• Animation
• Audio
• Video
• Virtual reality

p. 83 Fig. 2-15
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The World Wide Web

• What is a thumbnail?

• Small version of a larger graphic imagecused to
  improve Web page display time
• ( large images are
• time-consuming
• to display)

• Usually click on thumbnail to display larger
  image

p. 85 Fig. 2-17
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The World Wide Web

• What is animation?

• Appearance of motion created bydisplaying a
  series of still imagesin sequence

p. 85
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The World Wide Web

• What is audio?

• Music, speech, or any other sound
• Individual compressed sound files that you
  download from the Web to your computer

• Common Web audio file formats are MP3, WAV, WMA
  (Windows Media Audio), MPEG, RealAudio, and
  QuickTime
• Once downloaded, you can play (listen to) the
  contents of the files

p. 86 Fig. 2-18
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The World Wide Web

• What is streaming audio?

• Transfers data in a continuous and even flow
• Enables you to listen to the sound as it
  downloads to your computer
• Radio stations use streaming audio to broadcast
  over the Web

p. 87 Fig. 2-19
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The World Wide Web

• What is video?

• Consists of full-motion images with soundplayed
  back at various speeds
• MPEG (Moving Pictures Experts Group) is popular
  video compressionstandard

p. 88 Fig. 2-20
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The World Wide Web

• What are plug-ins?

• Programs that extend the capability of a
  browser
• You can download many plug-ins at nocost from
  variousWeb sites

p. 89 Fig. 2-22
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Electronic Commerce

• What is e-commerce?

• Short for electronic commerce
• Business transaction that occurs over the
  Internet

Business to consumer (B2C)Sale of goods to
general public
Consumer to consumer (C2C)One consumer sells
directly to another
Business to business (B2B)Business providing
goods andservices to other businesses
p. 90 Fig. 2-23
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Other Internet Services

• What is e-mail?

• Short for electronic mail
• The transmission of messages and files via a
  computer network
• One of the original services on the Internet
• Outgoing mail server uses SMTP (simple mail
  transfer protocol) to determine how to route the
  message through the internet and ten send the
  message.
• Incoming mail server uses POP3( Post Office
  Protocol) to hold the messages in our mailbox.

p. 91
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Other Internet Services

• How does an e-mail message travel?

p. 94 Fig. 2-26
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Other Internet Services

• What is FTP?

• File Transfer ProtocolInternet standard that
  allows you to upload and download files with
  other computers on the Internet

p. 95 Fig. 2-27
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Other Internet Services

• What are newsgroups and message boards?

• Newsgroup

• Online area where users discuss a particular
  subject

• Message board

• Type of discussion group

• Many Web sites use message boards because they
  are easier to use

p. 95 Fig. 2-28
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Other Internet Services

• What is a mailing list?

• Group of e-mail addresses given a single name
• When a message is sent to the mailing list,
  everyone on the list receives the message
• To add your name to a mailing list you must
  subscribe to it to remove your name you must
  unsubscribe

p. 97 Fig. 2-29
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Other Internet Services

• What is a chat?

• Real-time typed conversation that takes place on
  a computer

• Chat room is location on server that permits
  users to discuss topics of interest

p. 98 Fig. 2-30
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Other Internet Services

• What is instant messaging (IM)?

• A real-time Internet communications service that
  notifies you when one or more people are online
  and allows you to exchange messages or files

p. 98 Fig. 2-31
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Summary of the Internet and World Wide Web
History of the Internet
Other Internet services
How to access and connect to the Internet
Netiquette
The World Wide Web
Web publishing
Electronic commerce
Chapter 2 Complete