or

1
Is Oregon Ready For Linux?

• or
• Is Linux Ready for Oregon?
• Randy Kalmeta
• Program Director, Linux Technology Center, IBM

2
What Is Linux?

• An open source operating system
• Fastest growing OS
• Started in the early 1990s by Linus Torvalds as
  a college project in Helsinki, Finland
• Available to developers and users around the
  world via the Internet and/or from Linux
  distributors
• Runs on many different computer architectures
  (Intel, Power, etc.)
• Access and use allowed without encumbrances of
  software licensing fees under the GPL (GNU
  General Public License)
• Allows collaboration on software development by
  programmers worldwide
• Openness does not imply lack of control, there is
  a hierarchy of code maintainers leading up to
  Linus himself
• Enables corporations like IBM to have a single
  operating system running across all systems
  offered to customers
• Levels the playing field -- No one body controls
  Linux!

3
What is Open Source?

• Community develops, debugs, maintains
• Usually high quality, high performance software
• Superior security - on par with UNIX, superior to
  Windows
• More information www.opensource.org
• Examples of Open Source Software
• Apache web server
• Eclipse app development
• Gnome desktop environment
• Mozilla (Netscape) browser
• Open Office (Star Office) productivity suite
• Perl language
• Samba file/print
• SendMail mail server
• Tomcat application server

4
Open Source Software

• The Open Source Model is a very pragmatic way of
  evolving software
• in a rapidly changing environment. It harnesses
  the
• collective wisdom, experiences, expertise and
  requirements
• of its most demanding users to ensure that their
  needs are rapidly met.

• Open Source Development Lab
• Linus Torvalds
• Andrew Morton
• Enterprise test support
• Data Center Linux
• Carrier Grade Linux
• Desktop Linux

• OSS Development Model
• Contributions
• System Maintainers
• Defects Fixes
• Releases
• Darwinian model
• Community and integrity

5
The Open Source Development Model

• Linux is one of several open source projects
• The Linux source code is available on several
  mirrored web sites
• Contributors are allowed to make changes to code
  in order to fix or improve it under certain
  restrictions (primarily defined in the GPL)
• Changes are typically posted to a mailing list or
  other public forum where they are reviewed and
  scrutinized by a group of peers
• Based on the peer review, the changes will either
  be accepted or rejected by the Maintainer for
  that particular subsystem
• If approved, the changes get integrated into the
  main source code base
• This system has been described as a meritocracy,
  although it can be a brutal one!
• Contributors span the gap from high school
  students to software professionals at major
  corporations

6
(No Transcript)
7
Linux Distributors

• Two primary distributors of Linux
• Red Hat
• Red Hat Enterprise Linux
• Currently version 3
• 2.4.21 kernel based
• Comes in three choices, AS, ES, WS
• 2.6 based version early next year
• SuSE (Novell)
• SuSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES)
• Currently version 8
• 2.4.19 kernel based
• CAPP/EAL 3 certified
• 2.6 based version (SLES 9), this summer

8
What is The Linux Technology Center?

• The IBM liaison to/from the Open Source and Linux
  development communities
• The primary Linux Operating System Development
  group for IBM
• All eServer platforms
• All eServer software
• Other key initiatives
• The technical competency center for IBM Software,
  Storage, Services and other key groups regarding
  Linux
• The technical liaison to/from Linux Distribution
  Partners
• 40 locations worldwide, including a core team in
  Beaverton

9
Linux Technology Center Mission

• Platform independent enterprise
• enhancements
• Open source community interface
• Development Focus Areas
• - Scalability
• - RAS
• - Networking
• - Systems Mgmt
• - Security
• - Performance
• - Standards
• - Test
• - Quality
• - Performance

• Linux on Power
• Linux on xSeries
• Linux enhancements for SWG
• eServer Software / OD Initiative enhancements
• Performance optimizations for IBM brands
• Integrated Platform for e-Business
• Integrated Platform for Telco
• L3 support for IBM brands
• IBM-wide Linux quality
• Linux security assurance

Advantage IBM Products
Expand Linux Reach

• Secure Linux
• Carrier Grade Linux
• Data Center Linux
• Windows Interoperability
• Tools maturation
• Embedded Linux

Make Linux Better
10
LTC Open Source Projects

• Kernel
• Scalability
• Networking
• Security
• I/O
• Volume Management
• JFS
• RAS / Serviceability
• File / Print
• Globalization
• NUMA

• Directory
• HPC Clusters HA
• Systems Management
• Standards
• Test
• Performance
• Level 3 Support
• Accessibility
• Documentation
• Carrier Grade Linux
• Data Center Linux

11
Linux Value Proposition in Government

• Total Cost of Ownership
• Workload Consolidation, Distributed Enterprise,
  Cluster Management, STC
• Improved Government Services to Citizens
• Defense, Education, Health, Environment
  On-Demand Services
• National Security
• Control over public assets and data
• Economic Development
• Emerging World Wide SW Industry
• System Capabilities
• Responsiveness / Openness / Flexibility /
  Reliability / Performance

12
Who's using Linux in Government?

• Application Solutions
• eGovernment,
• Web Based Services
• On Line Learning
• On Line Pension Access
• Knowledge Management
• Digital Media
• Video Identity Management
• Nationwide Messaging and Collaboration
• Permit payment and Tracking
• Voter Registration and Election Monitoring
• Grant Management
• Loan Application Management
• Web based Billing and Collection
• Web based Ticketing and Reservation Management
• Work Flow Management
• Infrastructure Management
• Workload Consolidation
• Environmental Analysis

• Leading Government Users
• Australia, New Zealand, India, China ROC, China
  PRC, Korea, Thailand, Vietnam, Philippians,
  Malaysia, Singapore, Pakistan
• USA, Canada, Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Peru,
  Columbia, Mexico
• Germany, Italy, France, European Commission, UK,
  Switzerland, Sweden, Norway, Finland, Denmark,
  Belgium, Netherlands, Greece, Turkey, Jordan,
  Israel, Russia, Central Europe
• Developing Economies
• UNDP Ships Linux to over 80 developing countries
• Agencies
• Department of Treasury
• Ministry of Finance
• Department of Commerce
• Ministry of Culture Education
• Ministry of Social Services
• Ministry of Defense
• NASA
• Department of Energy
• Environmental Protection Agency
• Office of Personnel Management
• Department of Interior
• Foreign Ministry

13
Who's using Linux in US Government?

• Accelrys Inc. USA
• ACTS Corp. TX, USA
• City of St. Louis MO, USA
• City of Worcester MA, USA
• City of Orem UT, USA
• Information Builders NY, USA
• Dept. of Energy USA
• Naval Sea Systems Command USA
• NYC Housing Authority NY, USA
• NY State Assembly NY, USA
• Idaho State Controller ID, USA
• Pennsylvania Higher Education Assistance Agency
  PA, USA
• Pinellas County FL, USA
• SE Regional PA Transportation Authority PA, USA
• State of Georgia GA, USA
• State of Hawaii Dept. of Commerce HI, USA
• State of Mississippi, Homeland Security MS, USA
• State of Missouri Data Center MO, USA
• State of NC, ITS NC, USA

14
ODOT Using Linux

• Program Running Linux on the IFL for production
  CVS source repositories and a small (but
  critical) piece of custom code to accept socket
  communications from CICS in support of the
  Digital Photo License (DPL) application
• Objective Utilize Linux in a pilot program for
  small but critical communication task
• More Detail
• The code for DPL also includes a monitor
  application that's quite useful for collecting
  stats for daily transactions and troubleshooting
  problems when they occur
• Workload is mainly I/O bound
• Monitor application runs under Apache
• Also makes use of the SMB and NFS protocols for
  DASD access and LVM for file services
• Future Plans
• Explore X-application hosting for thin clients
• Currently running RedHat but planning to
  transition to SuSE

15
Evolution in Workload Terms
16
Current State of Linux in Government?

• While Linux and the open-source community
  continue to make strides, progress remains slow.
  In Government we not only face the problem of
  Linux acceptance, we also face the problems of
  people wanting to protect their territory and
  their niche.
• Tom Adelstein , Linux Author Consultant
• Linux Journal, June 4, 2004