EMERGING ELECTRONIC IMAGING SYSTEMS

1
EMERGING ELECTRONIC IMAGING SYSTEMS
Nicholas George ngeorge_at_troi.cc.rochester.edu Febr
uary, 2002
2
ELECTRONIC IMAGING SYSTEMS, THE INSTITUTE OF
OPTICS, ROCHESTER
RESEARCH PROJECTS AND GOALS NICHOLAS GEORGE,
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR DOCTORAL SCHOLARS AS LISTED
3
OBJECTIVE EXTENDED DEPTH-OF-FIELD USING
INTEGRATED IMAGING PROCESSING
NOVEL LOGARITHMIC ASPHERE
APPROACH SINGLE ELEMENT OPTICS OSLO NONLINEAR
DIGITAL RECOVERY MAX ENTROPY
W. CHI and N. GEORGE, OPT. LETT. 26, 875 (2001).
March 2002
4
NOVEL LENS CONCEPT
WANLI CHI NICHOLAS GEORGE
INTEGRATED COMPUTATIONAL IMAGING SYSTEM
APPROACH/RESULT ALL DIGITAL SIMULATION FILTER
IDEA SIGNAL NOISE RATIO RESOLUTION IMAGE
QUALITY WIDE APPLICATION AREA SINGLE USE
CAMERA DVD PICKUP MICROSCOPE DIGITAL VIDEO
OBJECTIVE EXTENDED DEPTH-OF-FIELD EXTENDED
FIELD OF VIEW ACHROMATIC IMAGING OTHER
March 2002
5
DIGITAL RECOVERY COMPARISON
WANLI CHI NICHOLAS GEORGE
MAX ENTROPY VS. INVERSE FILTER
MAX ENTROPY HIGH RESOLUTION, LOW
NOISE INVERSE FILTER MAGNIFIED NOISE
March 2002
6
FOURIER OPTICAL ANALYSIS OF GRIN
ARRAY IMAGING
XI CHEN NICHOLAS GEORGE
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
OBJECTIVES
O

y1
Fourier optical imaging theory
x1
(6)
(7)

z
Improve the depth of field
d1
d2
L

(1)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(5)
Analyze misalignment
GRIN LINEAR SYSTEM

Analyze and correct aberrations
APPROACH

THEORY
RESULTS
Fourier optics analysis coupled with geometrical
optics for both a single GRIN rod and GRIN array

GRIN lens system is analyzed by Fourier optics

EXPERIMENT

PSF for a single GRIN rod and the whole array
Measure LSF, MTF and Fourier transform pattern

GRIN lens has Fourier transform planes (64)
March 2002
7
MEASUREMENT OF LSF AND MTF
Knife edge as the object
Production quality test (misalignment)
LSF
LSF
25
45
40
20
35
30
Intensity (relative)
15
25
lntensity (relative)
20
10
15
5
10
5
0
March 2002
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
0
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Distance (um)
Distance (um)
8
KEDAR KHARE NICHOLAS GEORGE
SPECKLE IN SCANNING AND IMAGING SYSTEMS
OBJECTIVES
APPLICATIONS
SPECIALITIES
LASER SCANNERS PRINTERS REMOTE SENSING NIGHT
VISION ULTRASOUND
WAVELENGTH DEPENDENCE PHOTON COUNTING OBJECT
RECOGNITION ATMOSPHERIC TURBULENCE
STUDY SPECKLE NOISE IN IMAGES UNDERSTAND
SPECKLE FORMATION FROM SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF
PHOTONS
March 2002
9
RECENT EXPERIMENTS
SYSTEM FOR LOW LIGHT LEVEL IMAGING
SPECKLE PATTERN WITH 100 PHOTONS
HIGH LIGHT LEVEL SPECKLE PATTERN
March 2002
10
LIGHT SCATTERING AND PATTERN RECOGNITION OF
PATHOGENIC STRUCTURES
Weizhen Yan Nicholas George
S
HOE
Computer
INTERFACE COMPUTER RECOGNITION
P
B
OUTPUT
1
cm
F
RWD TRENCH BASED

• APPROACH/RESULT
• RWD IS RECOGNIZED COUNTING TECHNIQUE FOR
  SORTING PARTICLES WITH GREAT ACCURACY
• TECHNIQUE PIONEERED BY US OPTICS LETTERS
  (1991)
• SOFTWARE FOR HIGH DENSITY 10,000 COUNTS AND FOR
  LOW DENSITY lt10 PARTICLES
• APPLY NEW ALGORITHM IN THE PATTERN
• RECOGNITION FIELD

OBJECTIVE WITH AN EMPHASIS ON AUTOMATIC PATTERN
RECOGNITION, THE OBJECTIVE IS TO DEVISE AN
INTEGRATED CHIP-SCALE SYSTEM FOR COUNTING AND
CLASSIFYING BIOLOGICAL AGENTS IN THE SIZE
RANGE FROM 0.5 µm TO 100 µm.
March 2002
11
LIGHT SCATTERING AND PATTERN RECOGNITION OF
PATHOGENIC STRUCTURES
Weizhen Yan Nicholas George
DIFFRACTION PATTERN
IMAGE
6 µm Polymer Sphere
3rd ring
March 2002
12
Rapid Precision Contouring of 3-D Objects
Christopher Ditchman Nicholas George
L / 2
x20
q
H
H
L
L
Achromatic Phase Shifter (Pat. Appl.)
Structured Illumination Contouring
Objectives
Approach

• Achromatic Phase Shifter (George and Stone, 1988)
• Multiple Wavelength Imaging
• External Laser Stabilization
• Improved Processing Algorithms

• Measure the 3-dimensional surface profile of an
  object using the projection of structured
  illumination
• Explore theoretical system resolution limits
• Implement sub-system improvement
• Illumination / measurement
• Data processing
• Data display

March 2002
13
HOLOGRAPHY VIBROMETRY OF NON-RIGID OBJECTS
Wade Cook Nicholas George
March 2002
14
Holographic Interference Filters for
IR Fabrication
Damon Diehl Nicholas George
Objective
Approach
Holographic exposure techniques utilizing the
following technologies
Interference filters for use at IR communication
wavelengths

• Reflection filters
• Multi-band reflection filters
• Fabry-Perot transmission filters

• Photopolymer films
• Tunable dye laser
• Precisely controlled exposure angles

March 2002
15
Holographic Interference Filters for IR Design
Curves
Damon Diehl Nicholas George
Objective
Approach
Create computer models that use the following
techniques
Design curves for a prism-coupled TIR system
relating the following features

• Exposure angle to Peak wavelength
• Index modulation to Bandwidth
• Thickness to Efficiency

• Thin film decomposition
• Floquet-Bloch theory
• Finite difference, time domain
• Couple wave analysis

March 2002
16
ELECTRONIC IMAGING CHAIN
Institute of Optics, N. George, 2002