JRC EmissionPECO Project and Dioxin Emissions in Candidate Countries

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JRC Emission-PECO Project and Dioxin Emissions
in Candidate Countries

• P. Dilara, B. Paradi,
• Emissions and Health Unit

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What is the Joint Research Centre?
The JRC is one of the twenty-four Directorate
Generals of the European Commission
European Commission
20 Commissioners
DG
DG
DG
CCR
RECHERCHE
BUDGET
AGRICULTURE
DG
Mr Philippe Busquin
European Commissioner for Research
DG RESEARCH
DG JRC
DG ENVIRONMENT

and TWENTY OTHER DGs
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(No Transcript)
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Emissions and Health Unit
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Outline

• Activities of JRC to support enlargement
• Status of dioxin inventories in Candidate
  Countries
• CC dioxin sources profile
• Capacities at national level
• JRC small sources programme

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Enlargement Actions in JRC

• Emission-PECO and AIRPECO projects in EHU
• In total 18 Projects throughout JRC

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Emission-PECO

• Set-up a network of laboratories on emissions
  (more than a 100 contact points up to now)
• Harmonisation of measurements on emissions (round
  robin tests, intercalibration, training)
• Review of emissions inventories, policies and
  measures (questionnaires, reports)
• Transfer of know-how on emission measurements, EU
  emission regulations (visits, training,
  participation to/organisation of conferences)

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Main Focus

• Assist DG-ENV in implementing the Dioxin Strategy
  in Candidate Countries
• dioxin emissions and inventories
• policies and measures to reduce emissions
• training course on dioxin stack sampling and
  analysis
• intercomparison of dioxin analysis
• assessment of emissions due to household use of
  solid fuels and abuse of waste as fuel

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Status of Dioxin Inventories in CEEC

• CEEC 7 out of 10 countries with 75 of total
  CEEC population already presented their official
  inventory to CLRTAP
• Comparison with EU 11 out of 15 countries with
  78 of total EU population already presented
  their official inventory to CLRTAP
• CEEC Reported per capita dioxin emissions on
  average 0.03 TEQ mg in 1990
• EU Reported per capita dioxin emissions on
  average 0.02 TEQ mg

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Dioxin emissions in CEEC as reported to CTLRAP
CEEC Mean Per capita
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Dioxin emissions in EU countries as reported to
CTLRAP
EU Mean Per capita
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Reported sectorial profile of dioxin emissions -
CC
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Reported sectorial profile of dioxin emissions -
EU
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Approaches for dioxin emission estimations

• Most CEEC use only literature derived emission
  factors
• Only two countries have performed an extensive,
  coordinated measurement activity in order to
  determine national specific emission factors for
  key sources
• Uncertainty of dioxin emission estimations likely
  higher than in EU, due to specific national
  circumstances and use of non-verified emission
  factors

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Ratio of dioxin to CO2 emissions ? wide range of
EF
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Ratio of national dioxin estimation submitted to
CLRTAP to the TNO/UBA estimates for 1990
CEEC with emission factors derived from
measurements
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Priority sectors
for reducing of overall inventory uncertainty
and focusing abatement measures Responses from
12 experts from CEEC to the JRC questionnaire
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CC sources profile - waste incineration
Responses to the JRC questionnaire
one order of magnitude lower quantity of MW
incineration in CEEC than in EU (per capita)
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CC sources profile - industrial activities
Responses to the JRC questionnaire
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CC sources profile - IronSteel
200 data, 2001 where marked with
source World Steel in Figures-2002 edition,
International Iron and Steel Institute
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CC sources profile - residential heating
Source Energy Consumption in households,
EUROSTAT, 1999 (data from 1995 (EU) and 1996 (CC)
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EU vs. CC sectorial emissions
LUA - EU Dioxin Inventory Stage II
data estimations
very rough preliminary estimation
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EU inventory uncertainty contribution
LUA - EU Dioxin Inventory Stage II
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Identified capacities at national level

• Dioxin stack sampling groups dioxin lab
• Czech republic,
• Hungary,
• Poland,
• Slovenia.
• Dioxin stack sampling group
• Lithuania ?
• Dioxin lab
• Slovakia,
• Latvia ?

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Dioxin Labs Intercomparison Campaign
Bavel van B. Final report Seventh Round of the
International Intercalibration Study, 2002
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JRC small sources programme

• Parallel approach direct measurement of
  emissions and inverse modelling of dioxin ambient
  air concentrations
• New JRC small sources facility put into the
  operation
• optimisation of the test ring to reflect real
  world conditions,
• physical conditions identified which cause
  elevated dioxin conditions from stoves in
  comparison with central heating boilers,
• 2 additional visiting scientists from CC to work
  on the issue
• Inverse modelling
• preliminary results of the evaluation of the data
  from Graz, Austria and Krakow, Poland indicate
  high emission factors
• new measuring campaigns planned for 2003/2004
  heating season

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Conclusions

• Emissions sources profile not uniform across the
  CC - national approach has to be followed
• Different source profile in CC than in EU -
  importance of the non-industrial sources might be
  higher
• Proficient stack sampling group exist in CC as
  well as some proven dioxin labs
• GEF supported enabling activities under POPs
  convention starting in CC - possible synergies
  with Dioxin emissions in CC