Thinking about it?

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Drug Facts
Substance Abuse Prevention and Education
visuals specifically designed to educate and
prevent the onset of substance abuse among youth.
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Thinking about it?

• Facts you should
• Know About
• Drug and
• Alcohol Abuse.

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• 5,000 young people under the age of 21, die
• as a result of underage drinking.
• 50 of Homicides are Alcohol or Drug related.
• 40 of Assaults are Alcohol or Drug related.
• 17,000 Americans die in Alcohol or Drug
• related crashes each year.

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• About half of State Prison inmates and
• 40 of Federal prisoners, incarcerated
• for committing violent crimes, report
• they were Under the Influence of
• Alcohol or Drugs at the time of their offence.

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What is Addiction?
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• Addiction is habitual repetition of excessive
• behavior that a person is unable and unwilling
• to STOP despite its harmful consequences.

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Addiction affects YOUTH and ADULTS and is major
Health Epidemic.
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• How does addiction to Alcohol and Drugs
• affect our Behavior and why is
• it a Major Health Issue?

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• Addiction affects the way our BRAIN works.
• Our Brain is designed to execute a series of
  functions.

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These functions are

• . Thinking
• . Emotions
• . Speech
• . Hearing
• . Movement
• . Vision
• . Learning and Memory
• . Balance and Coordination
• . Heart Rate, Blood Pressure

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Different types of cells within the brain
secrete different neurotransmitters.

• The neurotransmitters are
• DOPAMINE Controls arousal levels and
• physical motivation.
• SEROTONIN Controls mood and anxiety.
• ACETYLCHOLINE (Ach) Controls Learning and
  Memory.
• NORADRENALINE Controls the Pleasure centre.
• GLUTAMATE Links between Neurons to allow long
• term memory and learning.
• ENDORPHINS Control pain and reduces stress.

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• Without these
• neurotransmitters
• our brain would
• lose its abilities
• to perform the
• simplest tasks.

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• Long term use of
• Drugs and Alcohol
• can alter the
• functions
• of your Brain.
• Some Drugs can cause
• irreversible brain damage
• by impairing learning
• and memory.

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These are the most popular Street Drugs of
abuse and readily available in our communities.
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Alcohol, Cocaine, Crack, Ecstasy,
GHB,Hallucinogens, Meth, Heroin,
Ketamine,Marijuana, Rohypnol, Steroids,Inhalants
and Prescription Drugs.

• They are All Highly Addictive
• and one of the leading causes of
• DEATH among YOUTH and ADULTS.

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Alcohol is the most widely abused substance
among youth.

• Alcohol is a downer, it directly affects the
• brain cells.
• Unclear thinking, staggering and slurred speech
• may result.
• Large amounts of alcohol may cause
• unconsciousness or death.
• Young people who begin drinking before the
• age 15 are four times more likely to develop
• Alcohol dependence than those who begin
• drinking at age 21.
• Teenagers, who drink, may lose as much as 10
• of their brain-power.

             
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• Negative effects of Alcohol are faster, more
  severe, and occur with less warning in
  adolescents brain than adult brain.
• Not just temporary altered states, but alcohol
  can cause permanent brain damage while brain is
  under its developmental stages.
• Most drugs are predictable for they have specific
  receptors in the brain they will use, so the
  impact on the neural function in specific regions
  of the brain can be predicted. Alcohol, however,
  doesn't have a specific receptor in the brain. 
• It selects receptors at random, acting on one
  receptor in one part of the brain and on a
  different one in another part of the brain. It is
  also random in its behavior in different brains,
  meaning it affects people differently.

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• Alcohol plugs into the brain's massive network of
  switches that activate and deactivate neural
  functioning and turns brain cells on or off.  It
  affects channels in the brain cell membranes that
  permit calcium and other chemicals to provide
  energy to electrically fire off messages to other
  cells. No other drug turns brain cells on and off
  at the rate alcohol does.

Brain regions suppressed by alcohol in the
frontal lobes between visuomotor feedback
conditions. (Courtesy of the Dartmouth Brain
Imaging Center in the Department of Psychological
and Brain Sciences)
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These brain images show how alcohol may harm
teen mental function.
15 year old Male NON- DRINKER
15 year old Male HEAVY- DRINKER

• On the left, the brain of a young
• non-drinker.
• On the right, the brain
• of a 15-year-old with an alcohol
• problem.
• Both were given the same
• memory task.
• The image on the right shows
• poor brain activity indicated by the
• lack of pink and red coloring.

SOURCE SUSAN TAPERT, PHD, UNIVERSITY OF
CALIFORNIA.
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• DRINKING AND DRIVING
• . Eight young people a day die in
  alcohol-related crashes.
• Alcohol makes it difficult to drive a car with
  any
• intelligence or coordination at all.
• . 68 of children killed in alcohol-related
  crashes
• were riding in a car with a drunk driver.
• . Know the law.
• Alcohol is illegal to buy or possess
• if you are under 21.
• 
  
  
  MADD

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Consequences of driving under the influence of
both Alcohol and Drugs!
Courtesy of Sgt. OBrian - SFCSO
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These are Innocent Victims of Drivers Under the
Influence

• Karen and Douglas Ferreira ( Siblings).
• Karen, a 15 year old female was KILLED.
• Douglas, a 17 year old male was INJURED.
• Offender was under the influence of
• Alcohol, Cocaine, Marijuana and Methadone
• Offender started using substances at
• the age of 12.
• Offender is currently serving jail time for the
• Death of Karen and the Injuries
• inflicted on Douglas.

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The abuse of Marijuana by adolescents is of
growing proportion and concern.

• Males aged 18 or older were more than
• twice as likely as females to report that they
• first used marijuana before age 12.
• Marijuana is one of the most popular drugs,
• second only to alcohol, used by youth today
• and correlated with the decline in academic
• performance.
• THC can damage the cells and tissues in the
• body that help protect against disease.
• SAMHSA / NIDA

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• How does marijuana affect driving?
• Marijuana has serious harmful effects on the
  skills required
• to drive safely
• . Alertness, concentration, coordination, and
  reaction time.
• . Marijuana use can make it difficult to judge
  distances and react
• to signals and sounds on the road.
• In one study conducted in Memphis, TN,
  researchers found that,
• of 150 reckless drivers who were tested for drugs
  at the arrest
• scene, 33 percent tested positive for marijuana,
  and 12 percent
• tested positive for both marijuana and cocaine.
• Data have also shown that while smoking
  marijuana, people
• show the same lack of coordination on standard
  "drunk driver"
• tests as do people who have had too much to
  drink.
• SAMHSA

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THE
METH
EPIDEMIC

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• . Methamphetamine destroys the mind and body.
• . Jail photos show only a hint of the drugs
  devastation.
• . Meth eats away at brain tissue, accelerates
  blood pressure, creates psychosis and causes the
  body to overheat.
• . Teeth fall out.
• . Hair fall out.
• . The body stops craving food, and only wants
  the drug.

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The drugs devastation is deeply etched in the
faces of its users.
Faces of Meth display is a Courtesy of
MULTNOMAH COUNTY SHERIFFS OFFICE Photos used
with written permission. Drug photos are a
courtesy of The Partnership of Drug-Free
America, DEA Library and Stop Meth.com
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• One addict said its the closest thing to
  becoming a living zombie.
• I cant stand to look at myself in the mirror,
  she says.

2.5 years later
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8 months later
4 months later
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5 years later
2.5 years later
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1 year later
1.5 years later
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3 months later
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• Chronic users can develop paranoia,
  hallucinations, and
• obsessive repetitive behavior.
• Users also develop delusions of parasites or
  insects crawling
• under the skin and can obsessively scratch to get
  rid of these
• imaginary insects.

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• . People high on METH often DIE as the result
• of psychotic behavior caused on by the drug.
• . With each HIT, Meths toxic Chemicals eat away
  brain tissue, severely impairing the way a brain
  works.

Toxic chemicals used to produce Meth.
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There is no safe Drug!

• All Drugs affect your Brain and Body.
• Thinking and Assuming that,
• what you see in this presentation,
• will not happen to you
• is total Denial of the inevitable.

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You are Not Invincible!
Addiction results in a Vicious Cycle of
Despair, Crime and Death.
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Feeling Pressure to Drink, get High, have Sex and
starve yourself just because you think youll fit
in better if you do IS A DANGEROUS CHOICE!

• Friends who pressure you
• to use Alcohol and Drugs
• want you to be
• less than yourself!

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Will your friends be there when you are no longer
yourself?
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Friends don't let friends use Drugs and Alcohol!

• It can Kill and Injure a Friend!

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If you use Alcohol and Drugs
The longer you ignore the real FACTS about
Substance Abuse, the more chances you are
taking with your LIFE!
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Its not too late to get help. Talk to you
parents, a doctor or an adult you trust. CHOOSE
LIFE !
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• Presentation Designed by
• Margaret Oster
• www.impactdwi.org
• This presentation is not to be sold, or altered
  in any way.
• This presentation is available to educators and
  advocates.
• This presentation is intended for Schools, Drug
  Courts and Victim
• Impact Panels.
• Reference sources
• SAMHSA, MADD, NCADI, NIDA, CAMY, The Partnership
  of
• Drug Free America,
• U.S. Department of Health, Multnomah County
  Sheriffs Office,
• DEA Library and Stop Meth.com.
• In memory of my daughter Karen Ferreira,
• whose life was taken by An Intoxicated Driver.