Canadian

1
Geopolitics

• Canadian World Issues
• www.CraigMarlatt.com/school

2
A Key Study in Geography

• Politics The practice of decision-making by
  society as a whole, usually formalized at the
  government level.
• Political topics concerned with Geography
• Trade
• military alliances
• foreign aid
• Immigration / emigration
• territorial control
• economic systems
• areas of land suitable to support society and
  distribution of wealth

3
A Key Study in Geography

• Examples of how Politics and Geography are
  related
• Geographical factors can cause political changes
• e.g. When Switzerland restricts immigration
  because it, as a nation, already has a high
  enough population.
• Political factors can cause Geographical changes
• e.g. An increase in oil prices has led to an
  expanded search for oil in the Arctic and North
  sea, thus causing Geographical changes.

4
A Key Study in Geography

• Geopolitics The study of the two-way
  relationship between political beliefs and
  actions on one side and any of the usual concerns
  of geography on the other.

5
Classification of Political Systems

• Supranational Political Systems
• National Political Systems
• Other Ways of Classifying Governments
• Governments by Mode of Succession
• Governments by Type of Rule
• Governments by Structure
• Levels of Government
• Branches of Government

6
Supranational Political Systems

• Empires
• e.g. British, Roman, and Ottoman
• a major political unit having a territory of
  great extent or a number of territories or
  peoples under a single sovereign authority

7
Supranational Political Systems

• Leagues
• e.g. Baltic, Arab also League of Nations
• an association of nations or other political
  entities for a common purpose

8
Supranational Political Systems

• Confederations
• e.g. European Union
• is a large state composed of many self-governing
  regions
• has a very weak central government with little
  influence over the actions or policies of the
  member regions

9
Supranational Political Systems

• Federations
• e.g. Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
• formed by a compact between political units that
  surrender their individual sovereignty to a
  central authority but retain limited residuary
  powers of government

10
Supranational Political Systems

• United Nations
• voluntary association of most of the world's
  nation-states
• not a world government and it does not make laws

11
National Political Systems

• Unitary Nation-States
• e.g. Belgium, Bulgaria, France, Great Britain,
  The Netherlands, Japan, Poland, Romania, the
  Scandinavian countries, Spain, and many of the
  Latin-American and African countries
• basically a single tier of government with
  varying degrees decentralization - some are
  decentralized so much as to resemble federal
  states, some allow limited regional rule, others
  have only token decentralization

12
National Political Systems

• Federal Systems
• e.g. Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, India,
  Russia, and the United States, Austria, Germany,
  Malaysia, Mexico, Nigeria, Switzerland, and
  Venezuela
• political authority is divided between two
  autonomous sets of governments, one national and
  the other sub-national, both of which operate
  directly upon the people

13
World Governments in 1900
14
World Governments in 1950
15
World Governments in 2000
16
World Governments in 2050

• ?!?!?

17
Canada and the European Union
18
Canada and the European Union
19
Canada and the European Union

• Luxembourg
• Malta
• Netherlands
• Poland
• Portugal
• Romania
• Slovakia
• Slovenia
• Spain
• Sweden
• United Kingdom
• Croatia
• Macedonia
• Turkey

• Austria
• Belgium
• Bulgaria
• Cyprus
• Czech Republic
• Denmark
• Estonia
• Finland
• France
• Germany
• Greece
• Hungary
• Ireland
• Italy
• Latvia
• Lithuania

20
Canada and the European Union
21
Canada and the European Union

• Other European Countries (non EU members)

• Monaco
• Montenegro
• Norway
• Russia
• San Marino
• Serbia
• Switzerland
• Ukraine
• Vatican City State

• Albania
• Andorra
• Armenia
• Azerbaijan
• Belarus
• Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Georgia
• Iceland
• Liechtenstein
• Moldova

22
Canada and the European Union
23
Canada and the European Union
24
Canada and the European Union

• EU Council President Rotation
• Current Head of Government of country identified
  assumes additional duties of President of EU for
  term
• 2007 Jan-Jun Germany
• 2007 Jul-Dec Portugal
• 2008 Jan-Jun Slovenia
• 2008 Jul-Dec France
• 2009 Jan-Jun Czech Republic
• 2009 Jul-Dec Sweden
• 2010 Jan-Jun Spain
• 2010 Jul-Dec Belgium

25
Canada and the European Union

• 15 countries use the Euro as their currency

• Austria
• Belgium
• Cyprus
• Finland
• France
• Germany
• Greece
• Ireland

• Italy
• Luxembourg
• Malta
• Netherlands
• Portugal
• Slovenia
• Spain

26
Canada and the European Union

• EU Currency (Bills)
• Multi-coloured
• Archways and Bridges
• NOT specific sites (i.e. not country-specific)
• 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, and 500 denominations

27
Canada and the European Union

• Canadian Currency (Bills)
• Multi-coloured
• Prime Ministers ( Queen) and themes
• 5 Laurier Children at Play
• 10 Macdonald Remembrance and Peackeeping
• 20 Elizabeth II Arts and Culture
• 50 King Nation Building
• 100 Borden Exploration and Innovation

28
Canada and the European Union

• EU Coins
• Uniform front, national back
• All coins are valid in all countries
• 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 cent pieces plus 1 and
  2 coins

29
Canada and the European Union

• Canadian Coins
• Maple leaf, beaver, bluenose, moose, coat of
  arms, loonie, and polar bear are regular images
  on front, Queen on back
• 1, 5, 10, 25, and 50 cent coins plus 1 and 2
  coins

30
Sharing Spaces

• Nile River Basin

31
Sharing Spaces

• Antarctica

32
Sharing Spaces

• The Arctic

33
Sharing Spaces

• Grand Banks of Newfoundland

34
Sharing Spaces

• Indian Ocean