Quality Engineering

1
Quality Engineering

• Group 11
• John Kenny
• Panathep Krainukool
• Laura Lewis
• Teresa Palacios

2
Topics

• What is Quality Engineering?
• Genichi Taguchi
• Three elements of quality engineering
• The Loss Function
• Case example of Quality Engineering

3
What is Quality Engineering?

• Quality Engineering helps organizations become
  more effective
  
• Software
• Training
• Quality Engineering provides
• PC software
• Web-based software

4
What is Quality Engineering?

• Defined as
• Being within specifications
• Zero defects
• Customer satisfaction

5
When should you use Quality Engineering?

• Improve performance
• Improve the ability to get things done
• Focus effort on the critical few things
• Improve employee buy-in and ownership
• Improve follow-up and corrective action
• Get out of firefight mode
• Assure customers are always satisfied

6
Genichi Taguchi

• A Japanese quality control guru.
• Widely known in Quality Engineering
• Won Deming Prize Award
• Developed a concept of Loss Function

7
Taguchis Quality Engineering Elements

• System Design
• Parameter Design
• Tolerance Design

8
System Design

• Apply scientific and engineering to produce a
  basic functional design
  
• Translate customer needs into manufacturing
  requirement
  

9
Parameter Design

• Establishes Nominal Specifications
• Parameters should be chosen by analytical methods
  or by carefully planned experiments
  
• Objective is to find optimum parameters for
  product to function

10
Parameter Design
Taguchi Flowchart Method
11
Tolerance Design

• Sets tolerances on processes to meet requirements
  at minimum cost
  
• Any deviation from target value will incur an
  economic loss
  
• Setting inappropriate tolerances can be costly

12
Taguchis Loss Function

• Taguchis loss function measures quality
• Quality is defined in terms of a loss to society
  caused by product failure
  
• The cost of loss includes
• Reworking and scrapping
• Maintenance
• Downtime due to equipment failure
• Warranty claims

13
The cost of loss also includes

• The cost to the customer through poor product
  performance and reliability.
  
• This leads to further losses to the manufacturer
  as their market share falls

14
Its a Financial Measure

• The loss function established a financial measure
  of user dissatisfaction with a products
  performance as it deviates from the target
  value.
• Both average performance and variation are
  critical measures of quality
  

15
Finding appropriate measurements

• Teams should gather data for technical
  benchmarking in a real environment
  
• This is related to customer satisfaction
• A real environment is one in which everything is
  not controlled and ideal

16
Performance Measurements, cont.

• Your product and your competitors product should
  be tested at different temperatures, humidity,
  and conditions.
  
• This will lead to realistic data to calculate
  real world variances

17
Listen to the Customer

• Listening to the voice of the customer helps
  organizations create a good systems design
  
• Taguchi believes that the customer becomes
  increasingly dissatisfied as performance departs
  farther away from the target
  

18
Taguchis Quadratic Curve

• He suggests this curve represents a customers
  dissatisfaction with a products performance
  

19

• The curve is centered on the target value which
  provides the best performance in the eyes of the
  customer.
  
• LCT represents lower customer tolerance
• UCT represents upper consumer tolerance

20
Whats the target?

• Identifying the best value is not an easy task
• Targets are sometimes the designers best guess.
• This is a customer-driven design rather than an
  engineers specification

21
Whats the target, cont.

• Experts often define customer tolerance as the
  performance level where 50 of the consumers are
  dissatisfied.
  
• This target is really up to your organization and
  what they define as customer satisfaction

22
Philosophy of the Loss Function

• What it boils down to is
• The variation around the target value should be
  minimized
  
• This is the key to achieving high quality and
  reducing costs.

23
Impact of Late Changes on Project Management and
Execution.

• High change costs
• Quality engineering eliminates late change
• Improves the management process

24
Case Example

• Background
• FHM Wyoming
• Mines sodium carbonate (trona)
• Problem
• Impure pockets
• Solution
• On-line analysis
• Underground storage
• Result
• Mine and processing plant working efficiently
  together
  
• Reduced production costs

25
Career Opportunities

• Oil
• Textiles
• Energy
• Foods and Beverages
• Chemicals
• Electronics
• Pharmaceuticals

26
Career Opportunities Cont.

• Fields as
• Transportation
• Construction
• Medical services
• Communications
• Banking
• Data processing