Drew S.

1
Red Scarf Girl

• Drew S.
• Alex Ph.
• Logan E.
• Claire H.
• Dallas C.

2

Map of China
3

The Cultural Revolution

• The cultural revolution began in 1966 by a man
  named Mao Zedong (pronounced Tse-Tung). He
  believed in getting rid of all of the Four Olds
• - The Four Olds are (1) Old ideas, (2) Old
  Culture, (3) Old Customs, and (4) Old Habits
• Zedong, along with his right hand men Lin
  Biao and Jiang Qing (his wife), created the Red
  Guards, a group that consisted mainly of young
  Chinese that were enthusiastic about the change
  to Communist politics, made to defeat the enemies
  of Chairman Mao.

4
The Cultural Revolution

• The cultural revolution lasted ten years, from
  1966 to 1976. It made several changes to China,
  effecting all of the population.
• In 1958 to 1960, Mao Zedong tried (and failed)
  the Great Leap Forward.
• - The Great Leap Forward was an attempt to
  increase the production of steel greatly.

5
The Cultural Revolution
?The cultural revolution was a communist way of
life. Mao had laws in place so that if you
exhibited one of the four olds you could be
killed. ? If they suspected that you had one of
the four olds they would torture you until you
confessed. Sometimes the people they tortured
were innocent. ?If you have a bad family status
then you would have a very bad life. Family
status can come from your grandparents, uncles,
brothers, ect.
6
Cultural Revolution

• ?After the cultural revolution all of the people
  in China realized that they had believed too much
  of what Mao said. They found out that he was
  abusing their trust.
• ?He made them think he was god
• ?They thought this because he controlled
  everything in their life from their jobs to the
  schools.

7
Raids

• If the government suspected you had Four olds,
  the red guards would raid your house.
• If they found any Four olds, they would send
  members of your family to be remolded
• They would also destroy the Four olds.
• Here is an example of the red guard uniform.

8
Mao Zedong

• Mao became chairman in 1949 after taking power
  from Chiang Kai-shek.
• He believed in the teachings of Karl Marx. Karl
  Marx taught that the workers should unite and be
  self-sufficient.
• He was a brutal leader who set harsh punishments
  for small crimes. He banned having feet bound on
  young women.
• Mao started the Great Leap Forward to catch up
  with modern countries. During this he took away
  profits so workers would not work overtime for
  money, because this was trying to be bourgeois,
  (middle class to upper class).
• Mao lived an oddly long life for a Chinese man.
  When he died in 1979 all of China broke out in
  chaos. Until a new leader came to power the
  communists and the capitalists were fighting
  constantly.
• Although he was a communist Mao made many
  positive things happen. He ended the tradition of
  foot binding. He also freed people from cruel
  land lords by nationalizing private property. He
  gave women equal rights.

9

Propaganda

• Propaganda is information intended to promote a
  particular belief. While sometimes the word
  implies that the information is false, or at
  least misleading, in Communist China, it was used
  as a positive term, as in public relations.

10

Propaganda

• Followers of Mao wanted everyone to become
  active in getting rid of the four olds. The
  following is a propaganda that was very popular.
  What do you interpret this to mean?
• The country is red all over

11
Propaganda example
A typical propaganda is where you right some ones
name that in your opinion is exhibiting the four
olds.
Claire Bear
12
Ji-li Jiang

• Ji-li was a science teacher in Shanghai, China
  before she came to United States in 1984.
• After she came to the U.S., she studied Travel
  Industry Management at University of Hawaii , and
  worked as a corporate operations analyst and
  budgeting director.
• In 1992, she co-founded East West Exchange Inc.,
  a company that promotes and facilitates cultural
  and business exchanges between China and western
  countries.
• Ji-li Jiangs first book was published in 1997.
• She published her adaptation of the Chinese
  classic folklore Magical Monkey King- Mischief in
  Heaven in 2001.
• Ji-li Jiang now lives in the San Francisco Bay
  area, which she considers home. Besides writing,
  she continues to speak at schools and conferences
  about her books and about China .

13
Summary

• Red Scarf Girl is about Ji-Li-Jiang, a girl
  living in the cultural revolution. She is from a
  family that is put down because her grandfather
  was a landlord. Everything that she wanted to do
  in life was ruined because of someone from her
  family that had died 30 years ago.

14
Key Points

• Black Status
• Red Status
• Remolding
• Raids
• Four olds
• Red Guards
• Suspension of school
• Return of humanity

15
Timeline- The Beginning of the Cultural
Revolution
In October 1966, the Eleventh Congress meeting
was being held in Beijing, China. Out of all that
was present, Mao's comments were considered the
best instruction for the beginning of the
Cultural Revolution. Many of Mao's comments
included information on the Red Guard. A red
guard's job was to deal with Mao's enemies, and
in order to do that, they would have search for
the "Four Olds". "Four Olds" included old
customs, old habits, and old ideas. Most of the
citizens of China were pleased and happy about
this new conception, while others disliked it
terribly.
1966
16
Timeline- The Wuhan Incident
1968
In July of 1968, a battle occurred between
soldiers and many citizens in Wuhan. At this
time, the military was the core of authority.
This was considered anti-revolutionary by the
Cultural Revolution Authority. The people of
Wuhan separated into two groups, the Million
Heroes, people supported by the military, and the
Wuhan Worker's General Headquarters, who were
rebels supported by the Cultural Revolution
Authority. Past officials came to help with the
disputes that happened between the two groups,
but at the same time, other former officials
supported the Wuhan Worker's General
Headquarters. Eventually, the Million Heroes
acted out on July 20, 1968. They took a past
official and interrogated him and then criticized
him severely. Over 700,000 citizens marched and
castigated the ways of the Revolutionaries. The
leader of the march was put on trial, as well as
many other participants. The honor of the Wuhan
Worker's was restored and the Cultural Revolution
continued.
17
Timeline- Open Door Policy
On February 21, 1972, President Richard M. Nixon
went to China and was the first U.S president to
visit China. He established an "Open Door
Policy". This means any country can trade with
China. Today the U.S and China trade freely.
1972
18
Timeline-Lin Biao
In September of 1972, Lin Biao one of Chairman
Mao's advisors, was planning to kill Mao so that
he could be the chairman, the person mad with
power and in control of the Chinese people. He
tried several things, including wrecking Mao's
personal railroad and trying to sabotage his aero
plane. After trying to kill Mao, Lin Biao was
going to take a political approach and make a new
government that would be able to overpower Mao.
But the police noticed and got rid of that very
fast. When Lin found out, he had no hope. He
flew up in his aero plane without making the
proper precautions. He ran out of crew, supplies
and fuel. They had to make a crash landing and he
was killed. Lin Biao was a major person in the
Communist Party. His death was a great loss for
the party, but it was also a gain for the people
and the Party. The sad part is that if he had
succeeded in killing Mao, then since he is the
successor, he would have controlled the country.
If this happened it would be terrible.
1972
19
Timeline- Maos Death
1976
Mao Zedong died at the age of 82, on September 9,
1976, at 1210 a.m. He was killed by amyotrophic
lateral sclerosis. A vast service was held at
Tiananmen Square with a three minute moment of
silence as a part of the ceremony. He was buried,
not cremated like he wished.
20
Blogs

• Blogs

21
Bibliography

• Books
• Jiang, Ji-li. Red Scarf Girl. New York Holt,
  Rinehart and Winston, 1997.
• Websites
• "China Map." Xpeditions Atlas.1998-2003. National
  Geographic Society.. 9 Feb. 2007
  s/index.html?ParentasiaRootmapchinaModed.
• "China Map." Lonely Planet. 2006. Lonely Planet
  Publications . 13 Feb. 2007 et.com/mapshells/north_east_asia/china/china.htm.
  
• "History of the Cultural Revolution." Discovering
  China. al-revolution/history.html?tqskip11tqtime0318.
  
• Jiang, Ji-li. Ji-li Jiang. 21 Feb. 2007
  .

22
Thank You

• Mrs. George
• Mrs. Spataro
• Mrs. Stevens
• Drew S.
• Alex Ph.
• Claire H.
• Logan E.
• Dallas C.