Nazi Germany

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Nazi Germany
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The Rise of the Nazis
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Treaty of Versailles

• When World War I ended Germany was made to sign
  this treaty
• No longer able to have an army
• Lost all colonies
• Guilty of causing the war
• Therefore they must repay all of the winners for
  the cost of going to war against Germany.
• These things crippled the German economy.

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• The men previously in the army were now
  unemployed
• No longer had the income or resources from their
  colonies
• On top of the Great Depression they had to pay
  war reparations
• The German Mark (money) subject to insane
  inflation

http//www.history.ucsb.edu/faculty/marcuse/classe
s/33d/projects/1920s/1923StacksOfMarks.jpg
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Fascism

• A system of government marked by
• centralization of authority under a dictator,
• stringent socioeconomic controls,
• suppression of the opposition through terror and
  censorship,
• and typically a policy of belligerent nationalism
  and racism.
• The National Socialist Party, or Nazis for short,
  wanted to create a Fascist government

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• Other Fascists
• Benito Musolini
• Italy
• General Francisco Franco
• Spain
• Both Mussolini and Adolf Hitler sent troops,
  aircraft, tanks, and other weapons to support
  Franco. While technically neutral, Franco gave
  aid to Italy Germany

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Nazism Attracts Many

• German people were tired of being punished for
  WWI
• Nazis said Germans were the Master Race (not the
  guilty parties of W.W.I)
• Jews became scapegoats
• Hitler had a detailed economic solution
• It was fairly successful fought unemployment
• Based largely in militarization eventual
  conquests

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Hitler das Führer

• Hitler becomes the Führer or supreme leader of
  Germany in 1933

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S.S.

• an elite force that served as the Führer's Guard
• Built upon the Nazi racist ideology
• Under Heinrich Himmler's command
• primarily responsible for the crimes against
  humanity
• oversaw the isolation and displacement of Jewish
  people from the populations of Germany and
  conquered territories

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Gestapo

• the official secret police of Nazi Germany
• Laws passed in 1935 effectively gave the Gestapo
  carte blanche to operate without judicial
  oversight.
• They would come for you in the night.

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Hitler Youth

• Basically the Boy Scouts only with military
  training instead of wilderness training.
• Girls had their equivalent
• Essentially they became child soldiers
• This ensured that the younger generation would be
  allied with Hitler.
• The group often encouraged members to turn in
  their own family members for not conforming to
  Nazism (when Hitler took power)
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vtLW-6OU1EUo
• Hitler Youth Tribute

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The End of Illusions

• Neville Chamberlain
• 1938- Peace in Our Time
• British people did not want to go to war again.
• Germany annexed Austria
• Kristallnacht
• Night of the Broken Glass, was
• a pogrom that occurred throughout Nazi Germany on
  November 9November 10, 1938.
• It marked the beginning of the systematic
  eradication of a people who could trace their
  ancestry in Germany to Roman times, and served as
  a prelude for the Holocaust that was to follow.

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World War II

• Basics

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Germany Invades

• 1939 Germany Invaded Poland
• Axis Powers
• Germany
• Italy
• Japan
• Allies
• Britain lead by Winston Churchill
• France
• Non-aggressors
• U.S.
• U.S.S.R

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State of the World by 1940

• Norway, Denmark, Belgium, France the
  Netherlands fall to the Nazis
• Battle of Britain
• Churchill "The Battle of France is over. I expect
  the Battle of Britain is about to begin
• The Battle of Britain was the first major
  campaign to be fought entirely by air forces.
• It was the largest and most sustained bombing
  campaign attempted up until that date.
• The failure of Nazi Germany to destroy Britain's
  air defence or to break British morale is
  considered their first major defeat.

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The Jewish Problem

• Ghettos
• section of a city occupied by a group who live
  there, especially because of social, economic, or
  legal pressure
• The situation in the ghettos was brutal. In
  Warsaw, 30 percent of the population were forced
  to live in 2.4 percent of the city's area, a
  density of 9.2 people per room
• Uprisings The best known and the biggest of such
  uprisings took place in Warsaw in April 1943
  (Warsaw Ghetto Uprising), but there were also
  other such struggles in other ghettos.
• Concentration Camps
• Wannsee Conference Set up the Final Solution

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1942 Turning of the Tide

• Japan bombs Pearl Harbor in December 1941
• A day which will live in Infamy
  http//www.youtube.com/watch?vSv1niwxQgoY
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vQXBpKcKH6Xg
• U.S. Enters the war
• Also in 1941 Hitler breaks the treaty with USSR
  and Russia becomes an Ally

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The End

• Invasion of Normandy
• Had Hitler on the Run
• US and Russia came at Hitler from both sides.
• War ended in Europe VE day
• Bombs in Nagasaki Hiroshima end war in the
  Pacific