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Chapter 2 Basic SQL SELECT Statements

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Title: Chapter 2 Basic SQL SELECT Statements


1
Chapter 2Basic SQL SELECT Statements
2
Chapter Objectives
  • Distinguish between an RDBMS and an ORDBMS
  • Identify keywords, mandatory clauses, and
    optional clauses in a SELECT statement
  • Select and view all columns of a table
  • Select and view one column of a table

3
Chapter Objectives
  • Display multiple columns of a table
  • Use a column alias to clarify the contents of a
    particular column
  • Perform basic arithmetic operations in the SELECT
    clause

4
Chapter Objectives
  • Remove duplicate lists, using either the DISTINCT
    or UNIQUE keyword
  • Combine fields, literals, and other data
  • Format output

5
Relational Database Management System (RDBMS)
  • An RDBMS is the software program used to create
    the database and it allows you to enter,
    manipulate, and retrieve data

6
Object Relational Database Management System
(ORDBMS)
  • Same as an RDBMS except it can be used to
    reference objects such as maps and object fields

7
SELECT Statement Syntax
  • SELECT statements are used to retrieve data from
    the database
  • Syntax gives the basic structure, or rules, for a
    command

8
SELECT Statement Syntax
  • Optional clauses and keywords are shown in
    brackets

9
SELECT Statement Syntax
  • SELECT and FROM clauses are required
  • SELECT clause identifies column(s)
  • FROM clause identifies table(s)
  • Each clause begins with a keyword

10
Selecting All Data in a Table
  • Substitute an asterisk for the column names in a
    SELECT clause

11
Selecting One Column from a Table
  • Enter column name in SELECT clause

12
Selecting Multiple Columns from a Table
  • Separate column names with a comma

13
Operations Within the SELECT Statement
  • Column alias can be used for column headings
  • Perform arithmetic operations
  • Suppress duplicates
  • Concatenate data

14
Column Alias
  • List after column heading
  • AS keyword is optional
  • Enclose in double quotation marks
  • If it contains blank space(s)
  • If it contains special symbol(s)
  • To retain case

15
Column Alias Example
16
Arithmetic Operations
  • Executed left to right
  • Multiplication and division are solved first
  • Addition and subtraction are solved last
  • Override order with parentheses

17
Example Arithmetic Operation with Column Alias
18
Suppressing Duplicates
  • Enter DISTINCT or UNIQUE after SELECT keyword

19
Concatenation
  • Can combine data with string literal
  • Use concatenation operator,
  • Allows use of column alias

20
Concatenation Example
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