Title: 433MHz_Defense_EPC_ckh'ppt
1(No Transcript)
2Global StandardsU.S. DoDEPC
3Q.E.D. Systems Craig K. Harmon President
Visit our web sites http//www.qed.org and
http//www.autoid.org
- Team Leader, RFID Experts Group (REG) (formerly
VAG) - Chair, U.S. TAG to ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31/WG 4
RFID - Chair, ASC MH 10/SC 8/WG 4, RFID for Returnable
Containers - Chair, ISO TC 122/WG 4 (Shipping Labels) ISO TC
122/WG 7 (Product Packaging) - Chair, ISO TC 122/104 JWG - Supply Chain
Applications of RFID - Vice-chair, ASC MH 10 and U.S. TAG to ISO TC 122
(Packaging) - Senior Project Editor ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31/WG 4/SG
3 (RFID - Air Interface - 18000) - Member, EPCglobal HAG (UHFGen2), SAG, and BAG
- Past Chair, ASC INCITS T6 (RFID) - ANS INCITS
2561999, 2001 - JTC 1/SC 31 Liaison Officer to the International
Telecommunications Union (ITU-R) - JTC 1/SC 31 Liaison Officer to the International
Air Transport Association (IATA) - JTC 1/SC 31 Liaison to the European
Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) - ASC MH 10/SC 8 Liaison Universal Postal Union
(UPU) Physical Encoding Group (PEG) - Advisor and Member of USPS Strategic Technology
Council - ISO TC 104 (Freight Containers / RFID) Liaison
Officer to JTC 1/SC 31 - Project Editor, ISO 18185 (Freight Containers -
Electronic Container Seal Protocol) - Chairman Project Editor, ANS MH10.8.2 (Data
Application Identifiers) - Vocabulary Rapporteur to ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31
- Co-chair, HIBCC Automatic Identification
Technical Committee (AITC)
4EPCEPCglobalan agency of UCC and EAN
5MIT AutoID Center
- Officially began 1 October 1999
- Initially funded by Uniform Code Council, The
Gillette Company and Procter and Gamble - Split into AutoID Lab at MIT and AutoID, Inc.
under the EAN.UCC (http//www.epcglobalinc.org/)
in Q3 2003 - Software components
- Object Naming Service (ONS)
- Savant
- Product Markup Language (PML)
- Air interface protocols
- 860 - 930 MHz
- 13.56 MHz
- Supply chain impact studies
- Field trials
- Intellectual Property
6EPC - Network vs. Code
The globally unique identifier that serves as a
pointer for making enquiries about the item it
identifies
RFID Tags
Reader
7EPC Class I - V
8EPC - How it works
9World Trade Organization (WTO)
10WTO Multilateral Agreements On Trade In
GoodsTechnical Barriers
- Clause 2.4Where technical regulations are
required and relevant international standards
exist or their completion is imminent, Members
shall use them, or the relevant parts of them, as
a basis for their technical regulations except
when such international standards or relevant
parts would be an ineffective or inappropriate
means for the fulfillment of the legitimate
objectives pursued, for instance because of
fundamental climatic or geographical factors or
fundamental technological problems. - Clause 3.4
- Members shall not take measures which require or
encourage local government bodies or
nongovernmental bodies within their territories
to act in a manner inconsistent with the
provisions of Article 2. - Clause 3.5
- Members are fully responsible under this
Agreement for the observance of all provisions of
Article 2. Members shall formulate and implement
positive measures and mechanisms in support of
the observance of the provisions of Article 2 by
other than central government bodies.
11WTO Multilateral Agreements On Trade In
GoodsTechnical Barriers
- Clause 5.4
- In cases where a positive assurance is required
that products conform with technical regulations
or standards, and relevant guides or
recommendations issued by international
standardizing bodies exist or their completion is
imminent, Members shall ensure that central
government bodies use them, or the relevant parts
of them, as a basis for their conformity
assessment procedures, except where, as duly
explained upon request, such guides or
recommendations or relevant parts are
inappropriate for the Members concerned, for,
inter alia, such reasons as national security
requirements the prevention of deceptive
practices protection of human health or safety,
animal or plant life or health, or the
environment fundamental climatic or other
geographical factors fundamental technological
or infrastructural problems.
12Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
13- FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE NEWS MEDIA CONTACT
- April 15, 2004 Lauren Van Wazer (202) 418-0030
- FCC ADOPTS RULE CHANGES FOR IMPROVED RADIO
FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION SYSTEMS TO FACILITATE
HOMELAND SECURITY EFFORTS - Washington, D.C. In an effort to increase
homeland security and improve the efficiency of
commercial shipping operations, the Federal
Communications Commission today adopted a Third
Report and Order (Order) that allows for the
operation of improved radio frequency
identification (RFID) systems for use in
conjunction with commercial shipping containers.
This action is expected to result in lower
shipping costs and improved security at ports,
rail yards and warehouses in commercial and
industrial settings by enabling the contents of
containers to be rapidly inventoried. These
improvements will also help system users
determine whether tampering with their contents
has occurred during shipping. - RFID systems use radio signals to identify items.
Uses of RFID include electronic toll collection
such as the E-Z Pass system and anti-theft tags.
An RFID system consists of a tag mounted on the
item to be identified and a device that receives
information transmitted from the tag. The
Commissions rules permit RFID systems to be
operated on a number of frequency bands, subject
to limitations on their maximum signal level and
transmission duration. These limitations
constrain the range and information transfer
rates of RFIDs.
14- The Order increases the maximum signal level
permitted for RFID systems operating in the
433.5-434.5 MHz band to facilitate more reliable
transmissions with greater range than the rules
previously allowed. The 433 MHz band is
available for unlicensed operation in many
countries around the world, thus enabling
manufactures to produce a single model of a
device for use in both the United States and
other countries. The Order also increases the
maximum permitted transmission duration for these
RFID systems from one second to 60 seconds,
resulting in a sixty-fold increase in the amount
of data that can be transmitted, thus
facilitating the scanning of the contents of an
entire shipping container. To minimize the risk
of interference to authorized communication
services, operation of RFID systems with higher
power and longer transmission duration is limited
to commercial shipping containers in commercial
and industrial areas. - Action by the Commission April 15, 2004, by Third
Report and Order (FCC 04-98). Chairman Powell,
Commissioners Abernathy, Copps, Martin, and
Adelstein. Statement by Chairman Powell. - Office of Engineering and Technology contact
Mr. Hugh L. Van Tuyl, (202) 418-7506, e-mail
Hugh.VanTuyl_at_fcc.gov. - ET Docket No. 01-278
- FCC
15- STATEMENT OF
- FCC CHAIRMAN MICHAEL K. POWELL
- Re Review of Part 15 and other Parts of the
Commissions Rules, Third Report and Order, ET
Docket No. 01-278 - With more than two billion tons of freight
traveling through U.S. ports and waterways
yearly, ensuring the efficient flow of goods
while reducing the possibility of terrorism and
fraud is no easy task. - Todays Third Report and Order allows a powerful
new technology to help secure our ports while
increasing productivity. Specifically, we change
Commission rules to allow for the introduction of
smart shipping containers that can detect
intrusions and streamline the inventory process. - When you consider that a trillion dollars worth
of goods pass through our ports annually, the
potential economic benefits of this technology
become clear. - It is worth noting that some have raised privacy
concerns regarding the use of radio frequency
identification (RFID) tags. We are aware of these
concerns, and stress that todays ruling is
narrowly tailored. The technical and operational
rules we adopt today allow higher-powered/longer-d
uration RFID tag use on limited frequencies, and
only in commercial and industrial environments.
We also take steps to protect federal government
radar sites from interference by requiring
grantees of an equipment authorization for a 433
MHz RFID device to register their location and
inform purchasers where the devices may or may
not be used. - Im excited by the prospects for improved
inventory control, lower costs, and increased
homeland security that this technology promises
to bring.
16Interoperability
17The Layers of Logistic Units (Optically Readable
Media)
Layer 5ISO TC 204 (None)AIAG B-15
Movement Vehicle (truck, airplane, ship, train)
Layer 4ISO TC 104 (None)
Container (e.g., 40 foot Sea Container)
Layer 3ISO TC 122/WG 4 (15394)ANS MH10.8.1AIAG
B-10/14EIA 556-BUCC 6 / Genl EAN Spec
Layer 2ISO TC 122/WG 4 (15394)ANS MH10.8.1AIAG
B-10/14EIA 556-BUCC 6 / Genl EAN Spec
Layer 1ISO TC 122/WG 7 (22742) ANS MH10.8.6AIAG
B-4 EIA 621/624 IEC 62090 UCC 1 / Genl EAN Spec
Layer 0ISO TC 122 (TBD)ANS MH10.8.7AIAG
B-4EIA SP-3497UCC 1 / Genl EAN Spec
18The Layers of Logistic Units (Radio Frequency
Identification - RFID)
Layer 5
Movement Vehicle (truck, airplane, ship, train)
Layer 4 (433 MHz, 860-960 MHz)ISO 17363
Container (e.g., 40 foot Sea Container)
Layer 3 (433 MHz, 860-960 MHz)ISO 17364
Unit Load Pallet
Unit Load Pallet
Layer 2 (860-960 MHz)ISO 17365
Transport Unit
Transport Unit
Transport Unit
Transport Unit
Layer 1 (860-960 MHz) ISO 17366
Pkg
Pkg
Pkg
Pkg
Pkg
Pkg
Pkg
Pkg
Layer 0 (860-960 MHz)ISO 17367
Item
Item
Item
Item
Item
Item
Item
Item
Item
Item
Item
Item
Item
Item
Item
Item
Note 433 MHz from ISO/IEC 18000-7 860-960 MHz
from ISO/IEC 18000-6
19How far, how fast, how much, how many, attached
to what?
20Minimum Requirements
Note While minimums are stated, supply chain
applications are common for passive tags at 256
bytes and active tags at 128 kBytes
21Recent Developments
- 860 - 960 MHz
- Industrial, Scientific, Medical (ISM) band
- Originally 902 - 928 MHz Spread Spectrum in the
U.S. - Technology enhancement (frequency agile) permits
- 902 - 928 MHz used in Region 2 (U.S.)
- 865.6 - 867.6 MHz nearing finalization in Region
1 (Europe) - 950 - 956 MHz regulations in process in Region 3
(Japan) - 910 - 914 MHz regulations in process in Region 3
(Korea) - Gen2 may support agreed upon modifications to
18000-6 (18000-6c) - 18000-6c may be modified based on agreement of
EPC Gen2
22Recent Developments
- 433 MHz
- ISM band permitted by ITU (implemented in Regions
1 and 3 but for different parameters in Region 2) - ITU receptive to Regions 2 supporting Regions 1
and 3 for a 433 MHz allocation for freight
containers - Chairman of ISO TC 104 (Freight containers) has
made request to ITU and WCO to embrace both
passive (860 - 960) and active (433.92 MHz)
calling out 18000-6 and 18000-7 - Under serious consideration in both Japan and
Korea - Both Japan and Korea have requested U.S.
governmental letters of support, i.e., FCC, NTIA,
DoD, NATO - Received support through new (April 2004) FCC
rules, specific to RFID, that increases both
power and duty cycle.
23The Hype Cycle
Visibility
Peak of Inflated Expectations
Plateau of Productivity
Slope of Enlightenment
Trough of Disillusionment
Technology Trigger
Time
Source Jackie Fenn, Gartner Group
24???
25Thank you!!!
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