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ISRC Technology Briefing

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Railroad car monitoring. Toll collection systems. Long read range. High reading speed ... E.g., baggage tagging and boarding passes. Luggage tagging. Avoids the ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: ISRC Technology Briefing


1
Radio frequency Identification
(image from Aimglobal 2003)
  • ISRC Technology Briefing
  • September 25, 2003

2
A New Revolution
(image fromTierney 2003)
3
What is RFID
  • Bar codes vs. RFID
  • Low-frequency RFID
  • 13.56 MHz standard
  • Inductive coupling
  • High-frequency RFID
  • UHF (300-1000 MHz)
  • Electromagnetic wave propagation

(from Aimglobal 2000)
(from Aimglobal 2000)
4
RFID in Houston
  • Toll booths
  • EZ Tag
  • Payment systems
  • ExxonMobil Speedpass
  • Access control
  • Schlumberger

5
Classification of Tags
  • Active
  • Contain a battery
  • Longer range possible (10-15 feet or more)
  • Expensive (e.g., Apple has one for over 25)
  • Semi-passive
  • Contain a dormant battery
  • Intermediate range
  • Mid-range price (over 1)
  • Passive
  • Draw energy from an electromagnetic field
  • Limited range (up to 10 feet)
  • Cheapest to produce (30 to 50 cents)

6
Frequency Bands and Applications
(from Aimglobal 2003)
7
Other Applications of RFID
8
Benefits of RFID
  • No need for contact
  • or line-of-sight
  • Can scan entire pallets
  • at once
  • Greater speed
  • Low error rates
  • Reduced counterfeiting

(from RecordsAssociates 1999)
9
Additional Benefits
  • Size a grain of rice
  • Ability to hold more data than bar codes
  • Durability

(Clinton 2002)
10
Drawbacks
  • Cost
  • Passive tags 30-50 cents
  • Would be economically viable at 5 cents
  • Lack of standards
  • Proliferation of multiple operating frequencies
  • Need for standard electronic product code (EPC)
  • Efforts by ISO and ANSI
  • Privacy
  • Implications of staying active beyond checkout
  • Kill switches

11
Adoption
  • Wal-Mart
  • Leading the charge by requiring all suppliers to
    use RFID on pallets by 2006.
  • Gillette
  • Has ordered 500 million tags for razors.
  • Delta
  • Testing RFID on passenger luggage this fall.
  • Ford
  • Testing use of RFID to track parts.
  • DoD
  • Tracking parts sent to the Persian Gulf.

12
On the Horizon
  • Quadrillion units in the global supply chain
  • Estimated Market (VDC Corp.)
  • 700 million (2003) ? 2 billion (2007)
  • Five cent target
  • Privacy issues paramount
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