Title: Ceiling Radiant Cooling Panels as a Viable Distributed Parallel Sensible Cooling Technology
1Ceiling Radiant Cooling Panels as a Viable
Distributed Parallel Sensible Cooling Technology
Integrated with Dedicated Outdoor Air Systems
- Christopher L. Conroy, E.I.T.
- L. D. Astorino Companies, Pittsburgh PA
- Stanley A. Mumma, Ph.D., P.E.
- Penn State University, Dept. of Architectural
Engineering
2Presentation Overview
- Introduction
- Radiant Cooling Theory
- HVAC Paradigm
- Advantages
- Example
- Integration of Fire Suppression
- Conclusions and Solutions
3Integrating Dedicated Outdoor Air Systems with
Parallel Terminal Systems
4Radiant Cooling Theory
- Uses both Radiation and Convection
- Radiation (50-60)
- Stefan-Boltzmann Equation
- qr 0.15x10-8 (tp460)4 (ta460)4
- Convection (40-50)
- ASHRAE SE 1996
- qc 0.31 tp- ta0.31 (tp- ta)
5Radiant Cooling Paradigm
- Expensive
- High first cost
- Difficult or improper installation
- Unavailable
- Condensation!!!
- Condensation!!!
- Condensation!!!
6Radiant Cooling Panel Construction
7Cost Advantages
- Long Term Savings
- Smaller, More Efficient Chillers
- Reduced Fan Energy
- Reduced Maintenance Cost
- Not paying for Over Ventilating
- Other Cost Savings
- Piping is not insulated
- Reduced Sprinkler Piping
- Testing and Balancing Made Simpler
8Indoor Air Quality Advantages
- High comfort levels
- No condensate drains or drain pans
- Meets ANSI/ASHRAE Std 62-1999
- Quick response time
- Individual room control at low cost
9Building Advantages
- Architecturally Integratable
- Silk screening available
- Perforated face (acoustics)
- Great for Retrofit or New Construction
- Reduces Mechanical Space
- Less Ductwork
- Less vertical shaft space
- Higher ceilings and/or reduced building heights
- Simpler Coordination Between Trades
- Integration of fire suppression
- Less interferences (crossover ductwork)
10Example Step 1Defining Parameters
- Open Office Plan
- 1000 ft2
- Define Design Conditions
- 78ºF DBT / 40 RH
- 7 People (20 cfm/person)
- Space Loads
- 7 People (Office Work)
- 2 W/sq ft (Lighting)
- 1 W/sq ft (Equipment)
- 4,000 Btu/h (Skin Loss)
- 14,000 Btu/h (Total Sensible)
- 1,435 Btu/h (Total Latent)
11Step 2Estimation of CRCP Capacity
12Step 3Calculation of CRCP Capacity
- Room DPT 52F
- 78F / 40 RH
- DOAS DPT 44F
- 1,435 Btuh Latent Load
- 140 cfm _at_ 55F
- 3,500 Btuh Sensible Load
- Panel tfi 55F
- Panel Temp 60F
- Qs 29.7 Btuh/ft2
- 10,500 Btuh
- 354 ft2 of panel
13Step 4Selection and Layout of CRCP
- 126 4x2 Ceiling Panels
- 1000 ft2
- 24 Light Fixtures
- 20 of Ceiling
- 49 Ceiling Radiant Cooling Panels
- 392 ft2 (40)
- 400 sq. ft. Leftover
- Diffusers
- Sprinklers
- Qs 26.7 Btuh/ft2
- Room RH 43
- Increase DOAS DPT
14Step 5Compare Acoustical Performance of CRCP
Acoustical Ceiling Vs CRCP
Reverberation Time (sec)
Frequency (Hz)
15Chilled Water Loop
COMPRESSION TANK
MAKE-UP PUMP
ZONE VALVES
CRCPs
SECONDARY PUMP (VFD)
16Integrated Fire Suppression System
17Conclusions and Solutions
- Seen the Advantages
- Concluded that CRCPs can be Used Safely with No
Condensation Problems - Defined a Simple Selection Process
- Examined the Opportunity for Fire Suppression
Integration
- Break the HVAC Paradigm
- More Successful Applications
- Spreading the Word
- Explore the Possibilities of Lowering Cost
- Increase Availability
- Research a way to produce custom lengths on site
- Development Through the Solar Industry
18Questions