Assessing Nutritional Status

1
Assessing Nutritional Status

• M. Burns
• FCS 3151

2
A few definitions

• Nutrition Surveillance
• Nutrition Monitoring
• Nutrition Assessment
• Nutrition Screening

3
NNMRRP

• National Nutrition Monitoring and Related
  Research Program
• Set of activities that provides regular
  information about the health and nutritional
  status of Americans in general and high-risk
  groups

4
Five areas of NNMRRP

• National Status and Nutrition-related Health
  Measurements
• NHANES
• HHANES
• Food Nutrient Consumption
• CSFII

5
Five areas of NNMRRP

• Knowledge, attitudes and behavior assessments
• Food Composition and Nutrient Data bases
• Food-supply determinations

6
Types of data to collect

• Individual lifestyle factors
• Living, working, and social conditions
• Primary social groups
• Those individuals who influence health and
  nutritional status.

7
How to collect the data

• Focus groups
• Group interview
• Key informants
• Those in the know about your community
• Surveys/health appraisals
• Nutrition screening and assessment

8
Health Risk Appraisal

• Survey used to characterize a populations
  general health status
• Used widely in worksites, government agencies,
  universities, and health education
• Demographics, health risk calculations, and
  educational message

9
Nutrition Screening

• Purpose to quickly identify persons at greatest
  risk for malnutrition, especially for protein and
  calorie malnutrition
• Quick, safe, and cheap

10
Nutrition Screening

• What it is?
• Who does it?
• When it is done?
• Where?
• How?

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From the video

• Characteristics of malnutrition
• Parts/steps of screening
• Outcomes of screening

12
Nutrition Screening Process

• Includes a quick collection and interpretation of
  crucial data
• Determines the need for nutritional assessment
• Identifies level of risk for malnutrition

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Nutrition Screening Initiative (NSI)

• Focuses on older Americans
• Goals
• ID potential risk factors
• ID indicators of malnutrition
• Raise public awareness

14
Nutrition assessment

• process of estimating individual or group
  nutritional status as a basis for
• identifying needs and goals
• planning personal health care
• community programs to meet nutritional needs

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Assessment Methods

• A nthropometric
• B iochemical
• C linical
• D ietary
• E motional
• F amily

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Anthropometric methods

• Measurements of physical dimensions and gross
  composition of body
• Commonly used
• Specific measures

17
From video

• Why are the procedures so specific?
• When is recumbent height taken?
• Why are the measurements taken from all over the
  body?

18
Biochemical methods

• Measurements of chemical components
• Provide indications of tissue level and/or
  functioning
• Most objective, but expensive and invasive

19
Clinical assessment

• Observation of physical signs associated with
  malnutrition
• More subjective
• Very useful in screening

20
Dietary assessment

• collection of food intake data
• analysis and interpretation of food intake data
• to make judgments about dietary adequacy
• can occur at the national, household, or
  individual level

21
Dietary Assessment Types

• Food records
• Estimation by recall
• Food frequency
• Diet history
• Direct observation

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Issues of data collection

• Sensitivity v specificity
• Validity
• Reliability
• Cultural issues