Florida Government Finance Officers Association, Inc'

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Florida Government Finance Officers Association,
Inc.

• Different Drums Myers-Briggs Type Leadership
  Styles
• Monday, 6/12/06
• 130 pm 310 pm

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Different Drums Myers-Briggs Type Leadership
Styles

• Dona J. Newman, CPA, CGFO
• City Auditor, City of Cape Coral, FL
• 239.242.3380
• dnewman_at_capecoral.net

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Session Outline

• Introduction to Temperament Sorter
• Temperament Sorter Quiz
• Interpreting the Quiz Score
• The Four Temperaments
• The Four Temperaments as Leaders
• Sixteen Characters at Work
• Sense of Humor

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Kiersey Temperament Sorter

• Please take a few moments to respond to the
  questionnaire.

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Kiersey Temperament Sorter
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Where Do You Stand?
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ExtravertIntrovert
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Extrovert.IntrovertOrientation to the
Environment

• Oriented inward
• Drained by interacting
• Though oriented
• Reserved
• Reflective
• Depth
• Private

• Oriented outward
• Energized by interacting
• Action oriented
• Sociable
• Expressive
• Breadth
• Public

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Sensation.Intuition
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Sensation.IntuitionMethod of Gathering
Information from the Environment

• Practical, realistic
• Applied
• Trusts personal experience
• Present oriented
• Traditional methods
• Concrete, precise, literal
• Whats actual
• Repetition
• Values working hard
• Obtains knowledge as needed

• Imaginative, ingenious
• Theoretical
• Trusts insights, intuition
• Future oriented
• Change, innovation
• Abstract, approximate, figurative
• Whats possible
• Variety
• Values working smart
• Obtains knowledge for knowledge sake

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Thinking.Feeling
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Thinking.FeelingTwo Rational Ways to Decide
and Make Judgments

• Objective
• Impersonally held principles
• Judgment of truth, right/wrong
• Analytical
• Needs logic
• Critical
• Cool, distant
• Precise, firm
• Uniform laws, standards, rules
• Justice
• System Impacts

• Subjective
• Personal values
• Judgment of worth, good/bad
• Empathetic, experiential
• Needs harmony
• Appreciative, sensitive
• Warm, caring
• Persuasive
• Unique each case circumstances
• Mercy, compassion
• Individual human impacts

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Judging.Perceiving
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Judging.PerceivingNeed for Closure and
Control

• Planned
• Organized
• Needs control over events
• Closure
• Needs structure
• Decisive
• Conclusions
• Deadlines
• Absolute

• Spontaneous
• Flexible
• Responds to events
• Open minded
• Resists being structured Inquisitive
• Discoveries, options
• Targets
• Tentative

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The Four Temperaments

• Artisans
• Guardians
• Idealists
• Rationals

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Artisans (SP)

• Operators and entertainers
• Interested in art, crafts, technique, and use of
  equipment
• Enjoy the present, optimistic about the future
  and cynical about the past
• Seek stimulation, prize generosity, aspire to
  virtuosity

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SP Artisans Sensing-Perceivers

• Strengths
• Ability to do a variety of tasks with ease
• Sense of urgency when the situation demands it
• Organizational troubleshooters

• Weaknesses
• Disinterest in routine
• Lack of sense of the big picture

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Guardians (SJ)

• Administrators, conservators
• Interested in commerce, morality, and material
  gains
• Stoic about the present, pessimistic about the
  future, and fatalistic about the past
• Dependable and respectable
• Seek security, prize gratitude, and aspire to be
  executives

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SJ GuardiansSensing-Judgers

• Strengths
• Strong sense of responsibility and duty to the
  organization
• Organizations backbone

• Weaknesses
• Rigidity
• Narrow focus on meeting rules and regulations

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Idealists (NF)

• Mentors, advocates
• Interested in humanities, morale, and personnel
• Altruistic in the present, credulous about the
  future, and mystical about the past
• Empathetic, benevolent, and authentic
• Seek identity, prize recognition, and aspire to
  be sages

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NF Idealists iNtuitive-Feelers

• Strengths
• Ability to persuade
• Cooperativeness
• Team builders

• Weaknesses
• Over personalization of organizational problems
• Tendency to carry grudges

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Rationals (NT)

• Coordinators and engineers
• Interested in science, technology and systems
• Pragmatic about the present, skeptical about the
  future, and relativistic about the past
• Ingenious, autonomous, and resolute
• Seek knowledge, prize deference, and aspire to be
  wizards

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NT RationalsiNtuitive-Thinkers

• Strengths
• Ability to think systematically and strategically
• Natural analysts

• Weaknesses
• Tendency to make things more complex than
  necessary
• Impatience with incompetency

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4 Temperaments as Leaders

• SP Free Spirit Pragmatists
• SJ Responsible Hard Workers
• NF Improving Human Society
• NT Intuitive Thinking Strategists

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SP Free Spirit Pragmatists
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SP Maverick Leader (38)

• Just Do It pragmatic, clever, flexible risk
  taker
• Negotiator, troubleshooter, thrives on crisis
• Entrepreneur, action-maker seizing opportunities
• Independent spirit, unpredictable, rule bender
• Tolerant, open-minded, flexible colleague

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SP Maverick Leader

• George W. Bush (ESTP)
• Madonna (ESTP
• John F. Kennedy (ESTP)
• Franklin Roosevelt (ESTP)
• Ronald Reagan (ESFP)
• Liz Taylor (ESFP)
• Amelia Earhart (ISTP)
• Clint Eastwood (ISTP)
• Barbara Streisand (ISFP)
• Johnny Carson (ISFP)

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SJ Responsible Hard Workers
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SJ Guardian Leader (38)

• Take Charge responsible organizer and
  stabilizer
• Make it work right daily and for long term,
  realistic change implementer
• Backbone of all Institutions, loyal and dedicated
• Historian and organizational memory
• Honors commitments, serves the organization

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SJ Guardian Leader

• Colin Powell (ESTJ)
• Harry Truman (ESTJ)
• George Washington (ESFJ)
• George Bush (ESFJ)
• Jimmy Carter (ISTJ)
• Queen Elizabeth II (ISTJ)
• Mother Theresa (ISFJ)
• Jimmy Stewart (ISFJ)

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NF Improving Human Society
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NF Energizing Leader (12)

• Inspiring visionary about community, people, and
  human dignity
• Optimistic-catalyst who draws out best in people
  by appealing to their values and motivations
• Often gifted at communicating and working with
  people, coming across as genuine and likeable
• Participatory style, committed to developing
  others

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NF Energizing Leader

• Oprah Winfrey (ENFJ)
• Mikael Gorbachev (ENFJ)
• Bill Clinton (ENFP)
• Molly Brown (ENFP)
• Eleanor Roosevelt (INFJ)
• Mahatma Gandhi (INFJ)
• Albert Schweitzer (INFP)
• Anne Morrow Lindbergh (INFP)

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NT Intuitive Thinking Strategists
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NT Strategist Leader (12)

• Why Not? visionary innovator, status quo
  challenger
• Focused on system-wide principles, causes,
  complexity, and possibilities
• Articulate, self-confident, assertive, demanding
  colleague

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NT Strategist Leader

• Bill Gates (ENTJ)
• Margaret Thatcher (ENTJ)
• Walt Disney (ENTP)
• Winston Churchill (ENTP)
• Dwight Eisenhower (INTJ
• Hillary Clinton (INTJ)
• Albert Einstein (INTP)
• Marie Curie (INTP)

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The Four Temperaments
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INFJ AuthorForeseer Developer

• Theme foresight
• Talents developing and guiding people
• Problem solving based on impact on people in
  the system
• Creative expression making something out of
  potential
• Teamwork style inspire others
• Stressor when no one listens to foresights

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INFP QuestorHarmonizer Clarifier

• Theme advocacy and integrity
• Talents helping people clarify issues, values,
  and identity
• Problem solving may vacillate until they are
  sure values are not violated
• Creative expression moving forward on a
  personal dream of peace, truth and beauty
• Teamwork style create unity and harmony
• Stressor lack of unity and wholeness

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ENFJ TeacherEnvisioner Mentor

• Theme mentoring, leading people to achieve
  their potential
• Talents empathizing with interpersonal insight
• Problem solving based on what is most fitting
  based on the values of the group
• Creative expression harmonizing people with
  goals for their own good
• Teamwork style facilitate goal accomplishment
  through cooperation
• Stressor receiving little or no credit for
  contributions

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ENFP JournalistDiscoverer Advocate

• Theme inspiration
• Talents grasping profound significance and
  motivating others
• Problem solving based on what is individually
  and universally important
• Creative expression helping people grow beyond
  themselves in sparkling and inspiring ways
• Teamwork style focus on others concerns,
  negotiate differences
• Stressor getting bogged down in mundane details

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INTJ ScientistConceptualizer Director

• Theme strategizing, envisioning, and
  masterminding
• Talents defining goals, creating detailed
  plans, and outlining contingencies
• Problem solving base decisions in terms of
  effectiveness
• Creative expression abstract models
• Teamwork style high expectation of selves and
  others
• Stressor when others appear illogical,
  subjective, and unreasonable

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INTP ArchitectDesigner Theorizer

• Theme designing and configuring
• Talents grasping underlying principles
• Problem solving focus on accuracy of a theory
  and clarity of a model
• Creative expression comparing conceptual to
  actual
• Teamwork style help connect people with ideas
• Stressor interpersonal conflict

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ENTJ Field MarshalStrategist Mobilizer

• Theme directing and mobilizing
• Talents developing policy and implementing
  strategy
• Problem solving decisive and impersonal
• Creative expression design and execute
  strategy with elegance
• Teamwork style energize others to participate
  to reach goals
• Stressor inefficiently run systems

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ENTP InventorExplorer inventor

• Theme finding ingenious solutions
• Talents developing ideas into functional
  applications
• Problem solving based on new possibilities
• Creative expression change for everyone
  involved
• Teamwork style engineer relationships and
  systems
• Stressor implementing ideas

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ISTJ TrusteePlanner Inspector

• Theme ensuring predictable quality
• Talents administrating and regulating
• Problem solving based on keeping order and
  completing tasks
• Creative expression incremental, experimenting
  in small steps
• Teamwork style respect hierarchy and
  organizational structure
• Stressor ambiguity and arbitrary changes

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ISFJ ConservatorProtector Supporter

• Theme caretaking
• Talents helping others accomplish their goals
• Problem solving based on concrete facts and
  their impacts on people
• Creative expression anticipate and address
  personal details
• Teamwork style conscientious, dedicated
• Stressor too many unknowns

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ESTJ AdministratiorImplementor Supervisor

• Theme regulations of the group
• Talents bringing order, structure, and
  completion
• Problem solving compare concrete facts to life
  experiences
• Creative expression engage others to execute
  practical solutions
• Teamwork style results oriented and cooperative
• Stressor irresponsibility from others

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ESFJ SellerFacilitator Caretaker

• Theme ensuring physical needs are met
• Talents supporting others
• Problem solving focus on keeping harmony and
  effects on others
• Creative expression engage others to connect
  in relevant ways
• Teamwork style consensus builders
• Stressor coworkers behaving outside the norm

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ISTP ArtisanAnalyzer Operator

• Theme action driven problem solving
• Talents using frameworks for solving problems
• Problem solving thorough analysis of concrete
  information
• Creative expression delight in innovations
  that reshape current ways of doing things
• Teamwork style thrive on challenging situations
• Stressor having no problems to solve

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ISFP ArtistProducer Composer

• Theme composing a harmonious, aesthetic result
• Talents combining, varying and improvising
• Problem solving adjust actions to values
• Creative expression heartfelt, profound, and
  gentle persuasion toward harmony and peace
• Teamwork style action oriented, pragmatic, and
  expedient
• Stressor balancing freedoms with connections to
  others

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ESTP PromoterPromoter Executor

• Theme promoting
• Talents persuading and expediting
• Problem solving based on what is immediate and
  relevant
• Creative expression inspire, motivate and make
  something happen in unexpected ways
• Teamwork style pragmatic and expedient
• Stressor obstacles that cannot be overcome

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ESFP EntertainerMotivator Presenter

• Theme performance
• Talents warm, charming, and witty
• Problem solving seek to help people do what they
  want to do
• Creative expression make things fun and
  exciting in impactful and personal ways
• Teamwork style get others enthused around the
  project
• Stressor when people dont respond with a sense
  of immediacy and action

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Sense of Humor
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Extrovert

• Legitimizes laughing at others
• Would rather tell a joke than listen to one

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Introvert

• Legitimizes laughing at ourselves
• Love hearing a good joke

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Sensor

• Helps us laugh at the absurdity of reality
• Enjoy literal humor (true anecdotes)

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iNtuitive

• Finds humor in the unrelated aspects of life
• Enjoys puns and limericks

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Thinker

• Laughs at lifes less funny moments
• Tend toward harsher humor

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Feeler

• Laughs at the intimacies that sometimes scare us
• Prefer jokes that are warm and happy

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Judger

• Laughs at the confinement of schedules and
  routines
• Best storytellers

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Perceiver

• Laughs at absentmindedness and forgetfulness
• Good with spontaneous one-liners
• Love practical jokes

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Bibliography

• Please Understand Me, by David Keirsey and
  Marilyn Bates, 1984
• Please Understand Me II, by David Keirsey,1998
• Type Talk at Work, by Otto Kroeger with Janet M.
  Thuesen and Hile Rutledge, 2002
• Quick Guide to the 16 Personality Types in
  Organizations, by Linda V. Berens, Sue A. Cooper,
  Linda K. Ernst, Charles R. Martin, Steve Myers,
  Dario Nardi, Roger R. Pearman, Marci Segal, and
  Melissa A. Smith, 2001
• Leadership Development Using the Myers-Brigg
  Type Indicator, by Professor Deborah Roberts,
  University of Virginia Cooper Center for Public
  Service, 2003