Franklin Delano Roosevelt

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Franklin Delano Roosevelt His First 100 Days
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL

• FDRS INAUGURATION, BRAIN TRUST, AND PHILOSOPHY
• THE HUNDRED DAYS
• BANK HOLIDAY
• FIRESIDE CHATS
• NEW DEAL PROGRAMS AAA, NRA, PWA, FERA, CCC,
  TVA, CWA, HOLC, MARKET REFORM
• ATTACKS ON ROOSEVELT
• RADICALS LEFT AND RIGHT

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THE FDR INAUGURATION, MARCH 4, 1933 SEVERAL WEEKS
BEFORE HE HAD NARROWLY ESCAPED AN ASSASSINATION
ATTEMPT WHERE THE MAYOR OF CHICAGO WAS KILLED
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FRANKLIN DELANO ROOSEVELT BECAME THE 32ND
PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES
HAPPY DAYS ARE HERE AGAIN FDRS CAMPAIGN
SONG LYRICS ON NEXT PAGE
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They used to tell me I was building a dream,And
so I followed the mobWhen there as earth to
plough or guns to bearI was always there right
on the job.The used to tell me I was building a
dreamWith peace and glory aheadWhy should I be
standing in line just waiting for bread?Once I
built a railroad, made it run,Made it race
against time.Once I build a railroad, Now its
doneBrother, can you spare a dime?Once I built
a tower, to the sunBrick and rivet and
lime,Once I built a tower,Now its doneBrother,
can you spare a dime?Once in khaki suitesGee,
we looked swellFull of that Yankee
Doodle-de-dum.Half a million boots went sloggin'
thru Hell,I was the kid with the drum.Say,
don't you remember, they called me AlIt was Al
all the timeSay, don't you remember I'm your
Pal!Buddy, can you spare a dime?
So long, sad timesGo 'long, bad times!We are
rid of you at last.Howdy, gay times!Cloudy gray
times, You are now a thing of the past.'Cause
happy days are here again!The skies above are
clear again.Let us sing a song of cheer
againHappy days are hear again!Altogether
shout it now!There's no one who can doubt it
now,So let's tell the world about it nowHappy
days are here again!Your cares and troubles are
goneThere'll be no more from now on.Happy days
are here again,The skies above are clear
againHappy days are here again!
DEPRESSION ERA SONG LYRICS BROTHER CAN YOU SPARE
A DIME (L) AND HAPPY DAYS ARE HERE AGAIN (ABOVE)
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FDRS BRAIN TRUST HE SURROUNDED HIMSELF WITH
BRILLIANT SOCIAL, ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL THINKERS
AS ADVISORS TO HELP DEVELOP STRATEGIES TO PULL
THE NATION OUT OF THE DEPRESSION. MANY OF THEIR
IDEAS CAME FROM THE BRITISH ECONOMIST JOHN
MAYNARD KEYNES.
BRAIN TRUST MEMBERS -Harry Hopkins -Henry
Morgenthau -Louis Lowe -Cordell Hull -Frances
Perkins -Sam Rosenman -Raymond Moley -Rexford
Tugwell
TUGWELL ROSENMAN
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FDRS PHILOSOPHY
KEYNESIAN OR "PUMP PRIMING" ECONOMICS BASED ON
THE WORK OF ECONOMIST JOHN MAYNARD KEYNES. HE
ARGUED THAT MONEY SHOULD BE INVESTED IN THE
PEOPLE, THE WORKING CLASS. SPENDING WOULD THEN
INCREASE WITH NEW MONEY IN CIRCULATION. AS
SPENDING INCREASED IT WAS EXPECTED THAT BUSINESS
WOULD EXPAND TO MEET THE NEW DEMAND AND HIRE NEW
WORKERS. THIS WOULD BRING ON MORE SPENDING AND
MORE GROWTH. THIS PLAN WAS THE OPPOSITE OF THE
REPUBLICAN PLAN ASCRIBED TO BY HOOVER AND EARLIER
LEADERS. THEY HAD BELIEVED IN SUPPLY SIDE OR
"TRICKLE DOWN" ECONOMICS. IN THIS PHILOSOPHY
MONEY WAS TO BE INVESTED AT THE TOP, IN BUSINESS.
THEN BUSINESSES WOULD EXPAND, HIRE NEW WORKERS
AND THIS IN TURN WOULD SPUR ON SPENDING AND
FURTHER ECONOMIC GROWTH.
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100 DAYS MARCH 9-JUNE 13TH MARCH 5, 1933 FDR
CALLED FOR A SPECIAL SESSION OF THE 73RD
CONGRESS. DURING THE FIRST HUNDRED DAYS OF HIS
ADMINISTRATION ROOSEVELT AND HIS BRAIN TRUST WERE
A WHIRLWIND OF ACTIVITY. LEGISLATION WAS
INTRODUCED AND PASSED AT A FURIOUS PACE AS
CONGRESS MOSTLY ACTED AS A RUBBER STAMP. HE ASKED
FOR EXECUTIVE POWER TO WAGE WAR AGAINST POVERTY
AND PESSIMISM. HE WANTED A POWER "AS GREAT AS THE
POWER THAT WOULD BE GIVEN ME IF WE WERE IN FACT
INVADED BY A FOREIGN FOE."
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POLITICAL CARTOONS ON THE FIRST 100 DAYS OF FDRS
LEGISLATION
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• WHAT FDR DID IN THE 100 DAYS IN 1933
• MARCH 6TH BANK HOLIDAY FOR FOUR DAYS
• MARCH 9TH EMERGENCY BANKING RELIEF ACT
  INTRODUCED, PASSED, SIGNED IN THE SAME DAY
• FIRST FIRESIDE CHAT, FDRS INFORMAL METHOD OF
  COMMUNICATING WITH THE AMERICAN PEOPLE USING
  RADIO
• AAA
• NRA
• PWA
• CCC
• FERA
• TVA

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• FDRS NEW DEAL
• RELIEF
• REFORM
• RECOVERY

MANY OF HIS PROGRAMS COMBINED ELEMENTS OF ALL
THREE
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FDR USED THE RADIO GIVING FIRESIDE CHATS TO
EXPLAIN HIS PROGRAMS TO THE AMERICAN PEOPLE
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FDR CLOSED THE BANKS FOR SEVERAL DAYS, A BANK
HOLIDAY TO AVOID PANIC. THEY OPENED A FEW DAYS
LATER AND THE SITUATION HAD CALMED.
A BANK PANIC WAS WHEN PEOPLE CANNOT GET THEIR
MONEY BECAUSE THE BANK WAS CLOSED
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AAA AGRICULTURAL ADJUSTMENT ACT

• FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION LOANED 100 MILLION
  TO FARMERS IN ITS FIRST SEVEN MONTHS.
• AAA PAID 100 MILLION TO PLOW UP 10 OF THE 40
  MILLION ACRES PLANTED FOR THE 1933 SEASON. THIS
  BECAME A PRICE SUPPORT TECHNIQUE.
• WHEAT AND CORN FARMERS WERE PAID NOT TO PLANT
• HOGS WERE KILLED TO RAISE PORK PRICES FOR
  FARMERS. THE AAA PAID FARMERS TO KILL 5 MILLION
  BABY PIGS AND 200,000 SOWS.
• THE RESULTS OF AAA INTERVENTIONS WERE THAT BY
  1936 FARM INCOME WAS UP 50, SURPLUSES REDUCED
  AND PRICES ROSE.

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NIRA (NATIONAL INDUSTRIAL RECOVERY ACT) ORGANIZED
THE NRA NATIONAL RECOVERY ADMINISTRATION

• ANTITRUST LAWS WERE SUSPENDED, BUSINESSES WERE
  ASKED TO VOLUNTARILY FOLLOW CODES TO REGULATE
  WAGES, HOURS, PRICES
• 40-HOUR WORK WEEK, 40-CENT MINIMUM WAGE
• BLUE EAGLE SYMBOL OF VOLUNTARY COMPLIANCE
• PROTECTED THE RIGHT OF WORKERS TO ORGANIZE AND
  COLLECTIVE BARGAINING
• DECLARED UNCONSTITUTIONAL BY THE SUPREME COURT
  TWO YEARS LATER IN 1935

NRA blues
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PWA PUBLIC WORKS ADMINISTRATION SPENT 3.3
BILLION ON PUBLIC WORKS PROJECTS AS
"PUMP-PRIMING TO GET THE ECONOMY MOVING
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PWA GAVE CONSTRUCTION JOBS TO THE UNEMPLOYED
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PUBLIC WORKS ADMINISTRATION PROJECT, U.S. ARMY
CORPS OF ENGINEERS, BONNEVILLE POWER DAM IN
OREGON
UNDER CONSTRUCTION
COMPLETED
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Review

• FDR took over as President in one of the worst
  times in American History
• Bank Failures were at an all time high
• Millions of Americans were unemployed
• President Hoover was dead set against what he
  declared as handouts to everyday Americans yet
  was going out of his way to help businesses and
  banks that created the problems
• No matter what was to happen Time would make the
  difference