CUAHSIHydrologic Information Systems

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CUAHSI-Hydrologic Information Systems
UCAR

• CUAHSI Consortium of Universities for the
  Advancement of Hydrologic Science, Inc
• Formed in 2001 as a legal entity
• 100 member universities (May 2005)
• Program office in Washington (5 staff)
• Rick Hooper is Executive Director

Unidata
Atmospheric Sciences
Ocean Sciences
Earth Sciences
CUAHSI
NSF Geosciences Directorate
HIS
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CUAHSI Hydrologic Information Systems
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CUAHSI Hydrologic Information System
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Environmental Cyberinfrastructure

• Part of NSF Cyberinfrastructure program
• CUAHSI Hydrologic Information Systems is one of
  several pilot projects CUAHSI, CLEANER, ORION,
  NEON, GEON, ..

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Cyberinfrastructure Components
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Workflow Sequencing using ModelBuilder
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HIS Goals

• Data Services for Hydrologists get me the data
  I want quickly and painlessly
• Support for Observatories data structure for
  Digital Watersheds
• Advancement of Hydrologic Science flux coupler,
  HydroObjects
• Hydrologic Education how to get data into the
  classroom

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Digital Watershed
Hydrologic Observation Data
Geospatial Data
(GIS)
(Relational database or delimited ascii)
Digital Watershed
Remote Sensing Data
Weather and Climate Data
(NetCDF)
(EOS-HDF)
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CUAHSI HIS Overview

• HIS User Assessment
• Hydrology Data Portal
• Digital Watershed
• Hydrologic Analysis

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HIS User Assessment

• First survey done for HIS White Paper (2003)
• HIS Symposium in March 4 institutional surveys
  and a survey of participants
• CUAHSI Web Surveyor developed by David Tarboton
  and Christina Bandaragoda (75 responses from 38
  institutions)
• Summary paper circulated by email yesterday

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Please rank these four HIS service categories for
helping you.
Value Score (counting 4 for first, 4 for second,
2 for third and 1 for fourth).
Conclusion Data services are the highest
priority
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of time spent preparing data
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• Which operating systems do you use for your
  research? If you use more than one operating
  system, select all that apply.

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Please indicate one dataset that you believe
would most benefit from increased ease of access
through a Hydrologic Information System (HIS).
Conclusion EPA STORET Water Quality, Streamflow
and Remote Sensing Data are perceived to be able
to benefit from improved access.
I am surprised USGS streamflow is up there. Is
this an indication of importance over difficulty?
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How we use software (Austin Symposium)
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Which of the following data analysis difficulties
are most important for HIS to address?
Conclusion High priorities are - Data
formats - Metadata - Irregular time steps
Value Score (counting 3 for first, 2 for second
and 1 for third).
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How we use software (Web Surveyor)

• Programming (85 of respondents) Fortran, C/C,
  Visual Basic
• Data Management (93) Excel, MS Access
• GIS (93) ArcGIS
• Mathematics/Statistics (98) Excel, Matlab, SAS,
  variety of other systems
• Hydrologic models (80) Modflow, HEC models
• A general, simple, standard, and open interface
  that could connect with many systems is the only
  way to accommodate all these

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CUAHSI HIS Overview

• HIS User Assessment
• Hydrology Data Portal
• Digital Watershed
• Hydrologic Analysis

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Hydrologic Observations Database

• A relational database stored in Access,
  PostgreSQL, SQL/Server, .
• Stores observation data made at points
• Access data through web interfaces
• Fill using automated data harvesting

Streamflow
Groundwater levels
Precipitation Climate
Soil moisture data
Flux tower data
Water Quality
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Hydrologic Observations Data Model
Relationships
Review conducted by David Tarboton with 22
responses redesign of this model is now being
done
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ProposedCUAHSI Observations Database
Schema(for details see chap 6 at
http//www.cuahsi.org/docs/HISStatusSept15.pdf)
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Example Lake Water Chemistry
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Data Access and Viewing System in ArcMap
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(No Transcript)
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CUAHSI Data Portal
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CUAHSI Data Portal
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Plot from the Hydrology Data Portal
Produced using a CUAHSI Hydrology Web Service
getDailyStreamflowChart
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CUAHSI Hydrology Web Services for
NWIShttp//water.sdsc.edu/HydrologicTimeSeries/NW
IS.asmx
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Documentation getDailyStreamflowChart
https//webspace.utexas.edu/jgoodall/HydrologicTim
eSeriesWebServices.htm
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Applications and Services
Web application Data Portal

• Your application
• Excel, ArcGIS, Matlab
• Fortran, C/C, Visual Basic
• Hydrologic model
• .

• Your operating system
• Windows, Unix, Linux, Mac

Internet
Web Services Library
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Utah State University Streamflow Analyst
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CUAHSI HIS Overview

• HIS User Assessment
• Hydrology Data Portal
• Digital Watershed
• Hydrologic Analysis

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Digital Watershed
How can hydrologists integrate observed and
modeled data from various sources into a single
description of the environment?
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Digital Watershed
Hydrologic Observation Data
Geospatial Data
(GIS)
(Relational database or delimited ascii)
Digital Watershed
Remote Sensing Data
Weather and Climate Data
(NetCDF)
(EOS-HDF)
A digital watershed is a synthesis of hydrologic
observation data, geospatial data, remote
sensing data and weather and climate data into a
connected database for a hydrologic region
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Digital WatershedAn implementation of the
CUAHSI Hydrologic Data Model for a particular
region
Created first for the Neuse basin
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Neuse Atmospheric Water

• Daily precipitation data from NCDC gages
• Nexrad daily rainfall rasters
• Land surface atmosphere fluxes from North
  American Regional Reanalysis of climate

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(No Transcript)
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Neuse Surface Water

• Streamflow, water quality hydrologic
  observational data
• GIS River network, water bodies, watersheds,
  monitoring points
• Land cover, soils,
• MODIS remote sensing (Praveen Kumar)

MODIS
Terrain and Land Cover
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http//neuse.crwr.utexas.edu/
ArcIMS Web Server displaying data compiled in
Neuse HO Planning Study
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Neuse Basin Coastal aquifer system
Section line
Beaufort Aquifer
From USGS, Water Resources Data Report of North
Carolina for WY 2002
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Neuse Groundwater
Geovolumes of hydrogeologic units from US
Geological survey (GMS)
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Create a 3 dimensional representation
Geovolume
Each cell in the 2D representation is transformed
into a 3D object
Geovolume with model cells
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Page 3
The Demands
METADATA
Drexel University, College of Engineering
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Page 21
Hydrologic Metadata
We currently have
What we need is
Michael Piasecki is our expert in this subject!
Ontology Examples
Drexel University, College of Engineering
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CUAHSI HIS Overview

• HIS User Assessment
• Hydrology Data Portal
• Digital Watershed
• Hydrologic analysis

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Hydrologic Analysis
Statistics and Hypothesis Testing
Hydrologic Process Modeling
Digital Watershed
Visualization
Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
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Data Driven Discovery Tools
Praveen Kumar is our expert on this subject!
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Data to Knowledge
D2K
Feb
Jan
4-D Data Model
Image to Knowledge
i2K
Data Files
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Hydrologic Flux Coupler
Hydrologic Fluxes and Flows
Digital Watershed(Atmospheric, surface and
subsurface water)
We want to do water, mass, energy and water
balances
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Neuse Observatory Prototype Study
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HydroVolumes
Take a watershed and extrude it vertically into
the atmosphere and subsurface A hydrovolume is
a volume in space through which water, energy
and mass flow, are stored internally, and
transformed
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Watershed Hydrovolumes
Hydrovolume
Geovolume is the portion of a hydrovolume that
contains solid earth materials
USGS Gaging stations
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Stream channel Hydrovolumes
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Atmospheric science hydrology

• Weather and climate fields are the drivers
  continuous in space and time across the nation
• Local watersheds are the reactors each behaving
  according to its location and characteristics

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GeoTemporal Reference Frame

• A defined geospatial coordinate system for
  (x,y,z)
• A defined time coordinate system (UTC, Eastern
  Standard Time, .)
• A set of variables, V
• Data values v(x,y,z,t)

Time, t
v data values
Space (x,y,z)
Data Cube
Variables, V
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Continuous Space-Time Model -- NetCDF
Time, T
Coordinate dimensions X
D
Space, L
Variable dimensions Y
Variables, V
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Discrete Space-Time Data Model
Time, TSDateTime
TSValue
Space, FeatureID
Variables, TSTypeID
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Geospatial Time Series
Time Series Properties (Type)
A Value-Time array
A time series that knows what geographic feature
it describes and what type of time series it is
Shape
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Neuse Water Balance
Define the fluxes and flows associated with each
hydrovolume
Evaporation
Precipitation
Streamflow
Groundwater recharge
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Coupling Table Connects fluxes and flows with
hydrovolumes
Hydrovolume object

A geospatial time series object
A geospatial time series object vector
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Monthly Fluxes and Flows
P, E, R
Q
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Net Inflow and Cumulative Storage
Monthly water balance for one watershed
hydrovolume for 2001
Storage
Net Inflow
This water balance does not close very well we
need better data!
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HydroObjects Class Library
Web Services
Custom Models
HydroObjects API
ArcGIS
Excel
Matlab
Remote and local Data sources
Backbone of a Hydrologic Information System
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Conclusions

• Hydrology Data Portal is a common data window on
  point observation data sources
• CUAHSI web services library supports the data
  portal and local applications on your computer
• Digital watershed is a data fusion of point
  observations, GIS, remote sensing and weather and
  climate grids
• Hydrologic Flux Coupler key to integrating
  atmospheric, surface and subsurface water