MMT VEHICLE TEST PROGRAM

1
MMT VEHICLE TEST PROGRAM

• Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers
• Association of International Automobile
  Manufacturers
• Canadian Vehicle Manufacturers Association
• July 2002

2
Overview

• Findings
• Program Description
• Test Fleet Results
• Conclusions
• Concerns
• Recommendations

3
Findings

• Program demonstrated that MMT significantly
• increases HC emissions and causes LEVs to exceed
  HC standard
• increases CO and NOx emissions
• impairs catalyst and emission control system
  performance
• increases fuel consumption

4
Program Objectives

• Resolve discrepancies reported to date about the
  effects of MMT
• Determine MMTs impact on
• vehicle emissions
• performance of emission control devices or systems

5
Program Description

• Statistically-designed program
• Two matched pairs of each model
• each pair has one MMT and one Clear fueled
  vehicle
• FTP emission tests at specified mileage intervals
• 4, 15, 25, 35, 50, 75, 100K
• Controlled driving cycle for mileage accumulation
• Emission tests using certification testing
  protocol

6
Program Fuels

• For mileage accumulation
• Clear Chevron ULCQ (unleaded certification
  quality)
• MMT Clear 1/32 g Mn/gal MMT
• For emission tests
• California Phase 2

7
Part 1 Vehicle Test Fleet

• 10 models x 2 pairs/model 40 vehicles
• GM
• 1996 S-10 Blazer (Tier 1)
• 1997 Cavalier (TLEV)
• 1997 Saturn (TLEV)
• DaimlerChrysler
• 1996 Intrepid (TLEV)
• 1996 Neon (TLEV)
• 1996 Caravan (TLEV)
• Ford
• 1997 Escort (TLEV)
• 1996 Crown Victoria (TLEV)
• Honda 1996 Civic (LEV)
• Toyota 1996 Corolla (Tier 1)
• Mileage accumulation 50K (75K for Civic)

8
Part 1 Findings

• Part 1 demonstrated that MMT
• increased fleet HC and CO emissions
• decreased fleet NOx emissions
• increased fleet fuel consumption
• caused component failures
• Check Engine light illumination, spark plug
  misfire on both Cavaliers
• exhaust valve leakage on one Civic
• caused both Civic LEVs to fail the 50K and 100K
  HC standards

9
Development of Part 2

• Part 2 developed to address need for more
  information on LEV technology
• LEV failures from Part 1 highlighted need to
  focus attention on LEV capable vehicles
• LEV capable vehicles became available that were
  not available at start of Part 1
• Future emission levels will be even more
  stringent increasing concern for vehicle
  performance (common for cars and trucks)

10
Part 2 LEV Test Fleet

• 4 models x 2 pairs/model 16 vehicles
• Volkswagen 1999 Beetle
• DaimlerChrysler 1998 Breeze
• Ford 1998 Escort
• General Motors 1999 Tahoe (MDV)
• Mileage accumulation 100K

11
LEV Test Fleet NMOG Emissions

• NMOG emissions increase, MMT fueled LDVs fail
  standard

12
LEV Test Fleet NOx Emissions

• NOx emissions increase

13
LEV Test Fleet CO Emissions

• CO emissions increase

14
LEV Test Fleet Fuel Economy

• Fuel economy decreases

15
Conclusions

• Most comprehensive MMT test program to date shows
  that MMT significantly
• increases HC emissions and causes LEVs to exceed
  HC standard
• increases CO and NOx emissions
• impairs catalyst and emission control system
  performance
• increases fuel consumption

16
Concerns

• Tier 2 benefit potential will not be achieved and
  air quality will be degraded
• Vehicles will fail in-use emission standards
• Customer dissatisfaction (e.g., I/M failures,
  fuel economy loss)

17
Recommendations

• Continue to treat vehicle and fuel as a system
• Take appropriate regulatory action to prevent
  addition of / remove MMT in gasoline
• Use existing Clean Air Act / Environmental
  authority