Title: PILOT TEST OF DEEP AQUIFER PERMANGANATE TREATMENT Phoenix, AZ
1PILOT TEST OF DEEP AQUIFER PERMANGANATE
TREATMENTPhoenix, AZ
Presented By David Abranovic P.E.
2Presentation
- Trichloroethene Oxidation by Permanganate
- Site Background
- Pilot Test Goals
- Application Technique
- Results
- Conclusions
3Trichloroethene Oxidation by Permanganate
- Stoichiometric Mass Requirements for Oxidation
- 2.4 lb KMnO4 / lb TCE
- 2.2 lb NaMnO4 / lb TCE
4Site BackgroundPilot Location
5Site Background VOC Concentrations
TCE Up to 100 ug/l
PCE Up to 150 ug/l
1,1 DCE Up to 150 ug/l
TCA Up to 150 ug/l
6Pilot Study Design
- Historical groundwater concentrations were used
to estimate stoichiometric demands from dissolved
groundwater and absorbed soil concentrations - Soil oxidant demand (SOD) of matrix unknown
- TOC ranges from 0.01 to 0.20
7Extent of Release Near Former Dry Wells
8Pilot Study Objectives
- Apply the maximum mass of permanganate into the
subsurface - Identify any site specific difficulty associated
with the application of KMnO4 to site
groundwater - Measure the persistence of permanganate in the
aquifer. - Monitor the reduction in VOCs concentration in
the aquifer near the application well
9Application Mixing Methods
- KMnO4 solution was prepared on site in two 4000
gal storage tanks - Mix water was withdrawn from a nearby hydrant
- Powdered KMnO4 was added to the mixing tanks to
form a 3 to 4 percent KMnO4 solution. - The solution was then be gravity fed into
monitoring wells MW-1A and MW-2. - Feed rates were 15 gpm in MW-1A and 40 gpm in
MW-2.
10Mixing Tank Set-Up
11Injection Line
12Contaminant Reduction Zone
13Application Quantity Summary
- Powdered KMnO4
- 127 55 lb buckets (7,000 lb)
14Results MW-1A - Treated Source Well
15MW-2 Treated Source Well
16EW-1 - 1650 Feet Down Gradient
17MW-3 - 800 Feet Down Gradient
18EW-2 - 1650 Feet Down Gradient
19Chromium Results
20Results Summary
- VOC levels in MW-1A increased by 65.
- VOC levels in MW-2 were reduced by 98.
- VOC levels in MW-3 were reduced by 93.
- KMnO4 solution migrated 1650 feet to a pumping
well in 2 months. - KMnO4 solution migrated 800 feet to a monitoring
well in 10 months. - KMnO4 solution persisted for over 3 years in EW-1
- Transient elevated chromium concentrations
observed in pilot test area.
21Conclusions
- Chemical oxidation by KMnO4 is potentially an
effective remediation strategy for treatment for
deep VOC plumes in low TOC aquifers. - Low TOC in soil allowed KMnO4 solution to persist
in site groundwater for over 3 years. - Forced and natural gradient distribution is
potentially a viable application method for deep
and expansive VOC plumes.