CHINA: Dengs years

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CHINA Dengs years
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PRC Politics in the Post-Mao Era 1976-1998

• Interregnum 1976-1978
• Hua Guofeng The Two Whatevers

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The rivalry between Hard-liners and reformists
PLA
Jiang Qin
Deng
Hua
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The rivalry between Hard-liners and reformists

• Hard Liners the Gang of Four (Small Group)
• Reformist Deng Xiaoping
• Hua as a compromise candidate
• Small Groups (Jiang Qing) attempt coup Gang of
  Four
• Hua and PLA arrested Gang of Four

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Deng Ascendant (1)

• Dec 1978, Eleventh Central Committee of CCP
• 1978 Four Modernization
• Iron Rice Bowl must be smashed
• Open door policy to the West
• Trade
• Technology purchase
• Study abroad Japan US
• One Child policy adopted

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Deng Ascendant (2)

• Intellectuals gained support
• Socialism with Chinese Characteristics
• Four Principles responding to foreign observers
  characterizing China as capitalism
• Acceptance of the leadership of communist party
• Adherence to Marxism-Leninism-Maoism
• Democratic Centralism
• Socialist Road

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The Legacy of Mao

• Gang of Four trial 1980
• Still strong support of Mao

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Political Realignment and Policy Readjustment

• Hua was replaced by Zhao Ziyang
• Reform Not necessarily successful
• Acceptable to be rich inequalities red eye
  disease
• Zhao Ziyang became prime reformist

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Toward Tiananmen Square Incident

• Deng started worrying the consequence of his
  reform
• Hu Yaobang student hero and his death

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Final Hours
Zhao
Li Peng

• Li Peng (leftist) gained power with Yang Shangken
  met Deng approved hard line toward demonstrations
  (April)
• May 19 Martial Law in Beijing
• June 4 the troops attacked 300 to thousands
  killed

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Reform Accelerated

• Dengs trip to the South 1992 Reform speed up
• The Third Generation Assumed Power China under
  Jiang Zemin

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The Socialist Transformation of Agriculture
1949-1978

• Land Reform Too many small farms
• Food shortage in the cities
• The need for collectives
• APC (Agricultural Producers Cooperative)
• To Commune Great Leap Forward Disaster

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Maoist Economic Policies Assessed

• Freed from foreign domination
• Controlling inflation
• Underemployment not unemployment
• Corrupt bureaucracy

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Economic Policy under Deng Xiaoping

• Agricultural Reforms
• The Private Sector
• More Responsibility for State Enterprises
• Bankruptcy Law cannot work due to social unrest
  possibility

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Reforming the Price System

• Four Special Economic Zone (SEZ) to attract
  foreign investment
• Coastal provinces get rich while hinterlands fell
  behind