Swing GUI

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Lecture 5

• Swing GUI

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Introduction

• The biggest difference between the AWT
  components and Swing components are
• Swing components are implemented with absolutely
  no native code. Native code is methods
  implemented in another programming language such
  as C .
• Swing features are present on every platform.
• Swing can have more functionality than AWT
  components.
• Swing can be shipped as an add-on to JDK 1.1, in
  addition to being part of the Java 2 Platform.

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Introduction

• Swing components have capabilities far beyond
  what the AWT components offer
• Swing buttons and labels can display images
  instead of, or in addition to, text.
• You can easily add or change the borders drawn
  around most Swing components. For example, it's
  easy to put a box around the outside of a
  container or label.
• You can easily change the behavior or appearance
  of a Swing component by either invoking methods
  on it or creating a subclass of it.
• Swing components don't have to be rectangular.
  Buttons, for example, can be round.

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HelloWorldSwing program

• import javax.swing.
• public class HelloWorldSwing
• public static void main(String args)
• JFrame frame new JFrame("HelloWorldSwing")
• final JLabel label new JLabel("Hello World")
• frame.getContentPane().add(label)
• frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOS
  E)
• frame.pack()
• frame.setVisible(true)

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Compile and Run Swing

• Compile Swing program
• javac SwingApplication.java
• Run Swing program
• java SwingApplication

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Swing Components and the Containment Hierarchy

• Swing provides many standard GUI components such
  as buttons, lists, menus, and text areas, which
  you combine to create your program's GUI. It also
  includes containers such as windows and tool
  bars.
• SwingApplication creates four commonly used Swing
  components
• a frame, or main window (JFrame)
• a panel, sometimes called a pane (JPanel)
• a button (JButton)
• a label (JLabel)

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A diagram of the containment hierarchy for the
window shown by SwingApplication.
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How to Make Frames (Main Windows)
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import java.awt. import java.awt.event.
import javax.swing. public class FrameDemo
public static void main(String s) JFrame
frame new JFrame("FrameDemo")
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter()
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e)
System.exit(0) ) JLabel emptyLabel new
JLabel("") emptyLabel.setPreferredSize(new
Dimension(175, 100)) frame.getContentPane().add(e
mptyLabel, BorderLayout.CENTER) frame.pack()
frame.setVisible(true)
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JPanel

• JPanel aPanel new JPanel()
• aPanel.setLayout(new BorderLayout())
• Or
• JPanel aPanel new JPanel(new BorderLayout())

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How to Use Buttons

• To create a button, you can instantiate one of
  the many classes that descend from the
  AbstractButton class.
• Class Description
• JButton A common button
• JCheckBox A check box button.
• JRadioButton One of a group of radio
  buttons
• JMenuItem An item in a menu.
• JCheckBoxMenuItem A menu item that has a
  checkbox.
• JRadioButtonMenuItem A menu item that has a
  radio
• button

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Button(JButton)

• Normal Button
• MyButton new JButton (Click Me!)
• pane.add(MyButton)
• Image Button
• ImageIcon leftButtonIcon new
  ImageIcon(flower.gif")
• b1 new JButton(Bunga", leftButtonIcon)

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Label (JLabel)

• ImageIcon icon new ImageIcon("images/middle.gif"
  )
• . . .
• label1 new JLabel("Image and Text", icon,
  JLabel.CENTER)
• //Set the position of the text, relative to the
  icon label1.setVerticalTextPosition(JLabel.BOTTOM
  ) label1.setHorizontalTextPosition(JLabel.CENTER)
  label2 new JLabel("Text-Only Label")
• label3 new JLabel(icon)
• //Add labels to the JPanel.
• add(label1)
• add(label2)
• add(label3)

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Check Boxes

• chinButton new JCheckBox("Chin")
  chinButton.setSelected(true)
• glassesButton new JCheckBox("Glasses")
  glassesButton.setSelected(true)
• hairButton new JCheckBox("Hair")
  hairButton.setSelected(true)
• teethButton new JCheckBox("Teeth")
  teethButton.setSelected(true)

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• JPanel checkPanel new JPanel()
  checkPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(0, 1))
  checkPanel.add(chinButton) checkPanel.add(glasses
  Button) checkPanel.add(hairButton)
  checkPanel.add(teethButton)

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Example JCheckBox

• import java.awt.
• import javax.swing.
• public class KotakPilihan extends JApplet
• private JCheckBox java, c cobol, vbscript, asp
• public void init()
• Container pane getContentPane()
• pane.setBackground(Color.white)
• pane.setLayout(new FlowLayout())

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Java
C
Cobol
ASP
VBscript

• java new JCheckBox (Java, true)
• pane.add(java)
• c new JCheckBox (C)
• pane.add(c)
• cobol new JCheckBox (Cobol)
• pane.add(cobol)
• vbscript new JCheckBox (Vbscript)
• pane.add(vbscript)
• asp new JCheckBox (ASP, true)
• pane.add(asp)

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Radio Button

• JRadioButton birdButton new JRadioButton(Bird)
  
• JRadioButton catButton new JRadioButton(Cat)
  
• JRadioButton dogButton new JRadioButton(Dog)
  
• dogButton.setSelected(true)
• JRadioButton rabbitButton new
  JRadioButton(Rabbit)
• JRadioButton pigButton new JRadioButton(Pig)
  

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• // Group the radio buttons.
• ButtonGroup group new ButtonGroup()
• group.add(birdButton)
• group.add(catButton)
• group.add(dogButton)
• group.add(rabbitButton)
• group.add(pigButton)

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List (JList)

• Define List
• JList ShortList
• String item one, two,three,four,
  five,six
• ShortList new JList(item)
• ShortList.setVisibleRowCount(5)
• ShortList.setSelectionMode(ListSelectionModel.SING
  LE_SELECTION)
• JScrollPane scroll new JScrollPane(ShortList)

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Example JList

• import java.awt.
• import javax.swing.
• public class Senarai extends JApplet
• Container pane getContentPane()
• JList bentuk
• String item Garis, Segiempat,
  Bulatan, Segitiga, Segienam, Segilapan

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• public void init()
• pane.setBackground(Color.white)
• pane.setLayout (new FlowLayout())
• bentuk new JList (item)
• bentuk.setVisibleRowCount (4)
• bentuk.setSelectionModel(ListSelectionModel.SINGL
  E_SELECTION)
• JScrollPane skrol new JScrollPane(bentuk)
• pane.add(skrol)

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Selecting Items in a List

• SINGLE_SELECTION
• Only one item can be selected at a time. When the
  user selects an item, any previously selected
  item is deselected first.
• SINGLE_INTERVAL_SELECTION
• Multiple, contiguous items can be selected. When
  the user begins a new selection range, any
  previously selected items are deselected first.

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• MULTIPLE_INTERVAL_SELECTION
• The default. Any combination of items can be
  selected. The user must explicitly deselect
  items.

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JComboBox

• String petStrings "Bird", "Cat", "Dog",
  "Rabbit", "Pig"
• // Create the combo box, select item at index 4.
  JComboBox petList new JComboBox(petStrings)
• pane.add(petList)

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JSlider

• static final int FPS_INIT 10
• JSlider framesPerSecond new JSlider(JSlider.HORI
  ZONTAL, 0, 30, FPS_INIT)
• framesPerSecond.setMajorTickSpacing(10)
  framesPerSecond.setMinorTickSpacing(1)
  framesPerSecond.setPaintTicks(true)
  framesPerSecond.setPaintLabels(true)
• //add the slider to the content pane
  contentPane.add(framesPerSecond)

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JTextField

• textField new JTextField(20)
  textField.addActionListener(this)
• ...
• contentPane.add(textField)

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JTextArea

• JTextArea ruangTeks
• ruangTeks new JTextArea(5,20)
• JScrollPane skrol new JScrollPane(ruangTeks,
• JScrollPane.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS,
• JScrollPane.HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS)
• pane.add(skrol)

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JPassword

• JPasswordField passwordField new
  JPasswordField(10)
• passwordField.setEchoChar('')
• passwordField.addActionListener(new
  ActionListener() ... )
• private static boolean isPasswordCorrect(char
  input) char correctPassword 'b', 'u',
  'g', 'a', 'b', 'o', 'o'
• if (input.length ! correctPassword.length)
• return false
• for (int i 0 i lt input.length i )
• if (inputi ! correctPasswordi)
• return false
• return true

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BorderLayout

• Container contentPane getContentPane()
• //Use the content pane's default BorderLayout.
• //contentPane.setLayout(new BorderLayout())
• contentPane.add(new JButton("Button 1 (NORTH)"),
  BorderLayout.NORTH)
• contentPane.add(new JButton("2 (CENTER)"),
• BorderLayout.CENTER)
• contentPane.add(newJButton("Button 3 (WEST)"),
  BorderLayout.WEST)
• contentPane.add(new JButton("Long-Named Button 4
  (SOUTH)"), BorderLayout.SOUTH)
• contentPane.add(new JButton("Button 5 (EAST)"),
  BorderLayout.EAST)

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BoxLayout

• Container contentPane getContentPane()
• contentPane.setLayout(new BoxLayout(contentPane,
  BoxLayout.Y_AXIS))
• addAButton("Button 1", contentPane)
• addAButton("2", contentPane)
• addAButton("Button 3", contentPane)
• addAButton("Long-Named Button 4", contentPane)
• addAButton("Button 5", contentPane)

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CardLayout
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CardLayout Program

• JPanel cards
• final static String BUTTONPANEL "JPanel with
  JButtons"
• final static String TEXTPANEL "JPanel with
  JTextField"
• public CardWindow()
• Container contentPane getContentPane()
• //Put the JComboBox in a JPanel to get a nicer
  look.
• String comboBoxItems BUTTONPANEL,
  TEXTPANEL
• JPanel cbp new JPanel()
• JComboBox c new JComboBox(comboBoxItems)
• c.setEditable(false)
• c.addItemListener(this)
• cbp.add(c)

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• //Use the default layout manager,
• BorderLayout contentPane.add(cbp,
  BorderLayout.NORTH)
• cards new JPanel()
• cards.setLayout(new CardLayout())
• Jpanel p1 new JPanel()
• p1.add(new JButton("Button 1"))
• p1.add(new JButton("Button 2"))
• p1.add(new JButton("Button 3"))
• JPanel p2 new JPanel()
• p2.add(new JTextField("TextField", 20))
• cards.add(p1, BUTTONPANEL)
• cards.add(p2, TEXTPANEL)
• contentPane.add(cards, BorderLayout.CENTER)

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FlowLayout

• Container contentPane getContentPane()
  contentPane.setLayout(new FlowLayout())
  contentPane.add(new JButton("Button 1"))
  contentPane.add(new JButton("2"))
  contentPane.add(new JButton("Button 3"))
  contentPane.add(new JButton("Long-Named Button
  4"))
• contentPane.add(new JButton("Button 5"))

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GridLayout

• Container contentPane getContentPane()
• contentPane.setLayout(new GridLayout(0,2))
• contentPane.add(new JButton("Button 1"))
• contentPane.add(new JButton("2"))
• contentPane.add(new JButton("Button 3"))
• contentPane.add(new JButton("Long-Named Button
  4"))
• contentPane.add(new JButton("Button 5"))