Towards 200 million Telephone and Internet Connections in India

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Towards 200 million Telephone and Internet
Connectionsin India

• Dr. Ashok Jhunjhunwala, TeNeT GroupDepartment of
  Electrical EngineeringIIT Madras,
  Chennaiashok_at_tenet.res.in

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Today India barely has

• 20 million telephones and less than 0.5 million
  Internet connections for its 1000 million people
• needs 150 to 200 million telephone and Internet
  connections
• lack of Internet connections can create a divide
  in society

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Bottleneck I Telephone network is expensive

• Investments required per line Rs 32,000
• 15 finance cost and 15 cost for operation,
  maintenance and obsolescence
• Revenue required per line per year Rs 9,600
• not affordable to more than 2 to 3 of
  population
• A serious obstacle to rapid Internet growth

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Why is Telecom Network expensive?

• Costs about 1000 per line in the West
• is affordable to most in the West
• focus of RD is not on cost reduction, but to
  provide enhanced features and services at the
  same cost
• Efforts required in country like India to
  significantly reduce costs
• if costs could be reduced to Rs 10,000 per line
• ? average revenue required per month less than Rs
  250
• ? affordable to 20 of population

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But is it possible ?

• Not easy, but why not ?
• For example CDOTs exchange today
• costs two-third of imported exchange and
• provides 10 million of 20 million lines in India
• And in the process
• achieve lowest cost telecom and Internet solution
• serve a market of several hundred million in
  India and other developing countries
• ? Consequently become the world leader in
  technology

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Telecom Network Trends

• Cost of Backbone Network falling rapidly
• at the same time capacity increasing dramatically
• but increase in Access Costs negates this fall
• Access costs in urban areas close to Rs 22,000
  per line
• Access costs in rural areas much higher

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Bottleneck II Internet chokes PSTN
?
Router
To other routers
modem
PSTN
ISP

• Internet Connections ON for long hours
• higher Erlang traffic causes congestion as
  telephone network designed to handle only 0.1 E
  traffic per subscriber
• Rs 26 per hour local call charges in India
• modem links unreliable -- 33.6 kbps to as low as
  9.6 kbps

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TeNeT group at IIT Madras

• Vision to enable India have 100 to 200 million
  Telecom and Internet connections at the earliest
  possible
• Leverage advances in technology to develop
  versatile Access Systems
• that cost significantly less and
• overcomes Internet Access bottleneck
• keeping local requirements in mind
• poor quality of power
• high cost of reliable air-conditioning
• space crunch at city centers

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Access network must separate Internet data
E1 (V5.2) voice
To Exchange
AU
To Intenet
IP

• concentrate bursty Internet data close to
  subscriber
• Interface to PSTN and Internet on open protocols

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corDECT Wireless in Local Loop
E1 (V5.2) voice
To Exchange
DIU RAS
To Intenet
IP

• simultaneous
• 35 kbps Internet access (70 kbps upgrade in near
  future)
• telephone connection supporting fax, PCO and
  speakerphone
• Rs 13,000 -----gt Rs 17,000 (for sparse rural
  areas)
• Rs 8,000 with multiwallset

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DIAS (dsl on copper)
?
BDSU
144 kbps
E1 (V5.2) voice
To Exchange
IAN
To Internet
2Mbps Copper
IP
?
?
HDSU

• 144/80 kbps Internet simultaneous voice
• Rs 12,000 copper cost
• 2 Mbps Internet upto 8 phones
• Rs 25,000 copper cost
• Always ON permanent Internet connection

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Versatile Remote Unit (VRU)
?
E1 (V5.2) voice
To Exchange
VRU

• Plain old Telephone service
• 56 kbps Internet possible with a RASM behind
  exchange
• Rs 2000 copper cost

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Access Center Key to Low-cost and Versatility

• combine wireless, DSL on copper and POTS
  optimally
• locate Access Center near subscriber cluster
• wireless gives umbrella coverage

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Integrated Access Centre (AC)
E1 (V5.2) voice
To Exchange
To Internet
IP

• combines WiLL, DIAS and VRU
• WiLL Rs 13,000 ---gt Rs 17,000 (for sparse
  rural areas)
• Rs 8000 with multiwallset
• BDSU Rs 12,000 copper
• HDSU Rs 25,000 copper
• POTS Rs 2,000 copper

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Access Center
)
??wave radio/Fiber
DIU
?
?
Ratio of Wired / Wireless / Internet Access Lines
depending on Access scenario
VRU
TA
IAN
?
BDSU
IAN
?
HDSU
Power Plant Battery
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Fibre backhaul 34 / 155 Mbps Fibre in the Loop
E3/SDH
E1 voice
Internet
COMUX
?
?
?
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Radio backhaul 8 / 34 / 155 Mbps
(
(
? wave radio
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Network Management System

• A must with distributed deployment of Intelligent
  nodes
• Convergence of Telecom and Internet management
• Manage traffic, subscribers, subscriber equipment
  and network health from management centers

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Product Visuals
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Wallset Subscriber premises equipment
Direct connection for - Telephone set - G3 fax
machine - Modem - Payphone
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WS/WS-IP Wallset with external antenna
External Antenna for Enhanced Range of 10 Km
(LoS)
35 kbps / 70 kbps Intenet traffic plus
simultaneous voice
RS232

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Multi Wallset (MWS)
MWS Antenna RF Electronics
(
(
(
(

• MWS for 4 Telephones in a multistoried building
• Reduces per line cost to half
• Ethernet port in future (for Internet access)

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WS Connected to BS
?
BS mounted on pole on streets Range 150 - 400
m BS mounted on roof-tops Range 10 Km
(LOS) Each BS serves 50 subscribers at 0.1 E per
subscriber

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DECT Interface Unit (DIU)
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iKon RAS
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Relay Base Station (RBS) in near future

• 25 km range with RBS in sparse rural areas
• uses DECT frequencies
• no frequency planning needed

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DIAS - IAN Rack
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BDSU
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Map with an alarm
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Mosaic of Views
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Access Centre deployment examples
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Connaught Place (Delhi)
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Available Solution from TeNeT group

• Can provide total Telecom and Internet solution
• in urban areas at a cost of Rs 17,000 per line
• in rural areas at a cost of Rs 21,000 per line

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Access Centre evolution

• Add cable-modem to Access Center to support
  voice, Internet and entertainment
• Upgrade Access Centers with
• 384 / 1.1 Mbps corDECT WLL
• new Wireless Access technologies (3G wireless)
• vDSL and xDSL technologies
• Add QoS feature to Internet Access Systems (to
  support voice over IP)

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But this is only a beginning

• Tasks ahead
• involve many more companies to design for India
• innovate to further reduce costs
• integrate access terminal to communication device
• Policy issues
• enable India to become design house for the world
  by encouraging local designs
• enable franchise operation of telecom network
• incentives for providing network in small towns
  and rural areas

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Covering Small Towns and Rural Areas Using Indian
Railway Network

• 50-200 connections in each town
• 8000 towns/villages in country covered by Indian
  Railways

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H-Connect