US Incarceration Rates in Comparison to other countries

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US Incarceration Rates in Comparison to other
countries
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U.S. Population Behind Bars (2002)
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US prison Rates by Race 2000 U.S. Inmates in
State and Federal Prisons and local Jails (Per
100,000 adult population by race, gender, and
age).  
 
 
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Historical Trends, New York State Incarceration
Rates 1880 2000
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Comparing Years of Life Lost to Rockefeller
Drug Laws and World Trade Center Attack
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Black and White Imprisonment Rates New York
State (1880 2000).
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Drug Incarceration Rates by Race/Ethnicity New
York State, 2000 (by age and gender)
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Voting Disenfranchisement by Race and State
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The Community Concentration of Substance Use
and Criminal Justice Involvement in Urban
Families
Paper Presented at The Second International
Conference on Urban Health New York Academy of
Medicine October, 2003
Ricardo E. Barreras, Ph.D. Ernest Drucker,
Ph.D. Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein
College of Medicine, New York City
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Table 2Prevalence of Criminal Justice
Involvement Among Family Members
Note An incidence of 1 means that the index
person is the only one in the family with a
history of criminal justice involvement Bullet
Point Roughly 71 of all families have at least
two members (including the index person) with a
history of criminal justice involvement
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Table 1Prevalence of Substance Abuse Among
Family Members
Note An incidence of 1 means that the index
person is the only one in the family with a
history of substance abuse Bullet Point
Roughly 82 of all families have at least two
members (including the index person) with a
history of substance abuse (for both alcohol and
illicit drugs).
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Table 3Prevalence of HIV and AIDS Among Family
Members
Bullet Point Slightly less than half (48) of
all families have at least one family member with
HIV/AIDS
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Table 4 The Relationship Between Prevalence of
CJI and SU Among Other Family Members
Bullet Point In 88 of the cases where someone
had a history of CJI, they also had a history of
SU.
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The Intersection of Corrections Services and
Shelter Use Findings from New York City

• Stephen Métraux, Ph.D.
• Health Policy Program
• University of the Sciences in Philadelphia
• Dennis Culhane, Ph.D.
• Center for Mental Health Policy and Services
  Research
• University of Pennsylvania

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Shelter Use Among Prison Release Cohorts 1995-98
Year of Prison Release n48,424
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Persons in NYC Single Adult Shelters on 12/1/97
Most Serious Charge Accompanying Most Recent
Incarceration (within previous 2 years)
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Risk Factors for Shelter Use Among Released
Prisoners

• History of shelter use prior to incarceration
• 6.6 of released prisoners had shelter history
  prior to prison stay (shelter hx)
• 45.1 of this group had post-release shelter stay
• 9.0 of others had post-release shelter stay
• those w/ shelter hx had 4.9 times the risk for
  post-release shelter stay
• 26.3 of people with a post-release shelter stay
  had a previous shelter hx

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Conclusions

• Substantial overlap between CJ shelter systems
• Time of highest vulnerability to shelter use is
  immediately following release
• Housing instability is best indicator of risk for
  shelter use
• Sheltered ex-offenders have heterogeneous
  criminal histories
• Shelter use is associated with increased risk for
  prison return
• These results raise more questions than answers

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Crime Top 100 Total crimes (per capita)
Country Description Amount 1. Dominica
111.99 per 1000 people 2. New Zealand
109.32 per 1000 people 3. Finland 102.3 per
1000 people 4. Denmark 93.92 per 1000
people 5. Chile 90.97 per 1000
people 6. Montserrat 89.01 per 1000
people 7. United Kingdom 86.5 per 1000
people 8. United States 84.39 per 1000
people 9. Netherlands 81.26 per 1000
people 10. South Africa 78.42 per 1000
people 11. Canada 77.63 per 1000
people 12. Germany 75.25 per 1000
people 13. Norway 72.94 per 1000
people 14. France 63.11 per 1000
people 15. Seychelles 53.65 per 1000
people 16. Hungary 44.67 per 1000
people 17. Estonia 40.83 per 1000
people 18. Italy 38.22 per 1000
people 19. Czech Republic 38.17 per 1000
people 20. Switzerland 37.11 per 1000
people 21. Portugal 36.03 per 1000
people 22. Slovenia 34.98 per 1000
people 23. Poland 32.8 per 1000
people 24. Korea, South 31.93 per 1000
people 25. Zimbabwe 30.87 per 1000 people
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Source ABS CATALOGUE NO. 4517.0 PRISONERS IN
AUSTRALIA 30 JUNE 2003
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