Earth Science

1
Earth Science

• Astronomy
• Geology
• Meteorology
• Oceanography

2
Geo - logy

• from Greek
• ??- (ge-, "the earth")
• and ????? (logos, "word", "reason")
• Physical geology
• Historical geology
• Research areas

3
Oceanography

• Utilizes chemistry, physics, biology and geology
• Areas of research
• Composition and movements of seawater
• Coastal processes
• Seafloor topology
• Marine life

4
Meteorology

• Study of atmosphere
• Weather
• forecasting
• Climate
• predictions

5
Astronomy

• Study of the universe
• Re/search
• Galaxies
• Stars
• Planets
• Matter
• Atoms
• Fundamental particles

6
Earth Science

• Location
• Field
• Lab
• Procedure
• Data collection
• Data analysis
• Modeling

7
Physical Environment

• Constituents
• Water
• Air
• Soil
• Rocks
• Conditions
• Temperature
• Humidity
• Sunlight

8
People Environment

• Rivers
• Dams
• Forrestry
• Urbanization
• Carbon emission

9
Natural Resources

• Water
• Energy
• Carbon
• Wind
• Water
• Solar
• Minerals
• Soil

10

• Renewable
• Plants
• Animals
• Non-renewable
• Metals
• Carbon fuels
• Recyclable

11
Human Population
12
Credit Data courtesy Marc Imhoff of NASA GSFC
and Christopher Elvidge of NOAA NGDC. Image by
Craig Mayhew and Robert Simmon, NASA GSFC.
13
United Nation's medium variant population
projections by location.
14
Environmental Challenges

• Air pollution
• Acid rain
• Ozone depletion
• Global warming
• Erosion
• Toxic waste
• Water

15
Natural Hazards

• Earthquakes
• Landslides
• Floods
• Hurricanes
• Tsunamis
• Volcanic eruptions

16
Scientific Inquiry

• Asking questions
• Collecting data
• Analyzing data
• Nature behaves predictably and consistently
• Results
• Hypotheses
• Theories

17
Hypothesis

• How it works
• Why it works
• Construct model
• Scientific community
• Peer reviewed publication
• Testing

18
Theory

• Proven hypothesis
• Not equivalent to common languate theory
• May become paradigm

19
The Scientific Method

• Ask a question(s)
• Measurement
• Observation
• Simulation
• Development of hypotheses and/or models
• Test hypotheses via experiments
• Acceptance, modification, rejection

20
Knowledge changes

• Discovery is alive and well!

21
Concept of Space
22
Concept of Time
23
Earths Spheres

• The physical environment
• Hydrosphere
• Atmosphere
• Geosphere
• The living environment
• Biosphere

24
Hydrosphere
25
Atmosphere
26
The Geosphere
27
Biosphere
28
(No Transcript)
29
Plate Tectonics
30
Plate Motion
Normal fault Reverse fault Transform fault