Unit 3: CELL BIOLOGY

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Unit 3 CELL BIOLOGY
HUMAN SKIN CELL
DNA IS PURPLE
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Unit 3 Cell Biology

• 1. A Cell is the smallest
• unit of life.
• Every living thing
• is made up of one
• or more cells.

Human Liver Cells
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• 2. Cell Biology History
• A. 1600s- the invention of the microscope, in
  1665
• Robert Hooke first
• observed cork cells.

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2. Cell Biology History

• A. 1600s
• B. 1675. Anton van
• Lieuwenhoek first observed living cells
• in pond water.

Paramecium
Diatoms
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2. Cell Biology History

• A. 1660s
• B. 1675
• C. 1838 German botanist Schleiden
• concluded that all plants are made of cells.

ONION CELLS
Schleiden
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2. Cell Biology History

• C. 1838
• D. 1839. German biologist Theodor Schwann stated
  that
• all animals are made of cells.

• Gut B. brain C. bone marrow d. cartilage
  e. muscle
• F. kidney

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2. Cell Biology History

• D. 1839
• E. 1855. German physician Rudolf Virchow
  concluded that all cells come from existing cells

Mitosis Cell Division DNA is purple
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3. Cell Theory

• 1. All living things are made of one or more
  cells.

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3. Cell Theory

• All living things are composed of one or more
  cell
• 2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and
  function in living things

Human skin cell
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3. Cell Theory

• 1.
• 2.
• 3. All cells come from
• pre-existing cells

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More on cells
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4. Cell Size

• A. Varies from 2 meters long (nerve cells in
  giraffe legs) to .2 microns (the smallest
  bacteria)

Nerve cells
Mycoplasma bacteria
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4. Cell Size

• B. Powers of Ten Review

Alpha Centauri
Milky Way Galaxy
White blood cell
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5. Parts of a Cell

• A. Cell Membrane
• 1. outside boundary
• 2. gives shape and
• flexibility
• 3. semi-permeable
• 4. made of lipids in 2 layers

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5. Parts of a Cell

• A. Cell Membrane
• B. Cell Nucleus
• 1. contains DNA
• 2. enclosed by a nuclear
• envelope

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5. Parts of a Cell

• A. Cell Membrane
• B. Cell Nucleus
• C. Endoplasmic Reticulum cell membrane lipids
  are assembled, proteins and other materials are
  moved out of the cell

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5. Parts of a Cell

• C. Endoplasmic Reticulum
• D. Ribosomes proteins are assembled here

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5. Parts of a Cell

• D. Ribosomes
• E. Golgi Apparatus,
• modifies, sorts and packages proteins

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5. Parts of a Cell

• F. Mitochondria converts the chemical energy
  stored in food
• into compounds more convenient for the cell to
  use.

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5. Parts of a Cell

• F. Mitochondria
• G. Lysosomes. Small organelles filled with
  enzymes, break down worn out organelles.

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6. Cell Types

• A.Prokaryotes bacteria, have no nucleus or
  membrane-bound organelles.
• Earths oldest fossils.

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6. Cell Types

• 1 Prokaryote
• 2. Eukaryote contains membrane bound nucleus
  and organelles. Two types plant and animal