Myers EXPLORING PSYCHOLOGY 6th Ed

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Myers EXPLORING PSYCHOLOGY (6th Ed)

• Appendix B
• Psychology at Work
• Modified from
• James A. McCubbin, PhD
• Clemson University
• Worth Publishers

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Psychology at Work
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Psychology at Work

• Flow
• Completely, involved, focused state of
  consciousness, with diminished awareness of self
  time, resulting from optimal engagement of
  ones skills

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Industrial/Organizational (I/O) Psychology

• Application of psychological concepts methods
  to optimizing behavior in workplaces
• Personnel Psychology
• Focuses on employee recruitment, selection,
  placement, training, appraisal development
• Organizational Psychology
• Examines organizational influences on worker
  satisfaction productivity facilitates
  organizational change
• Human Factors Psychology

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Personnel Psychology

• Personnel psychologists tasks
• Strength-based selection system

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Personnel Psychology

• Unstructured interviewing the interviewer
  illusion
• Why the interviewer illusion exists?
• Interviews disclose good intentions
• Interviewers more often follow successful careers
  of those hired
• Interviewers presume people are what they seem in
  interview
• Interviewers preconceptions moods color how
  they perceive interviewees responses.

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Personnel Psychology

• Structured Interview (reliability/validity)
• Asks same job-relevant questions of all
  applicants
• Rated on established scales
• Performance Appraisal
• Who to retain
• How to reward pay
• How to better harness strengths
• Affirms strengths helps motivate improvements

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Performance Appraisal

• 360-degree feedback

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Organizational Psychology

• Seek ways to engage motivate ordinary people
  doing ordinary jobs
• Employee satisfaction
• Effective leadership
• Harness job-relevant strengths
• Set specific, challenging goals
• Choose appropriate leadership style

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Leadership Styles

• Task Leadership
• Goal-oriented leadership that sets standards,
  organizes work, focuses attention on goals
• Social Leadership
• Group-oriented leadership that builds teamwork,
  mediates conflict, offers support

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Motivation Theories

• Theory X
• Assumes workers basically lazy, error-prone,
  extrinsically motivated by money
• Workers should be directed from above
• Theory Y
• Assumes that, given challenge freedom, workers
  motivated to achieve self-esteem demonstrate
  competence creativity

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Human Factors

• Human Factors Psychology
• Explores how people machines interact
• Explores how machines physical environments can
  be adapted to human behaviors

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THE END