The Expansion of the United States

1
The Expansion of the United States

• Intro
• Nation-Building
• Commerce, Land and Liberty
• A Democratic Dilemma
• Whigs Democrats
• Nationalism
• Taking the Nation Apart
• Colonialism

2
Alexis de Tocqueville
3
Alexis de Tocqueville
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Territorial Expansion, 1780 1800
5
Territorial Expansion, 1810-50
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Putting a Nation Together

• Individualism, commerce, land
• Land freedom
• Frontier settlement

7
George Washington on Western Expansion

• To suffer a wide extended Country to be over run
  with Land Jobbers, Speculators, and Monopolisers
  is inconsistent with that wisdom and policy
  which our true interest dictates, or that an
  enlightened people ought to adopt and, besides,
  is pregnant of disputes both with the Savages,
  and among ourselves and for what? But to
  aggrandize a few avaricious Men to the prejudice
  of many, and the embarrassment of Government
  without contributing in the smallest way to the
  support of Governmentwhile involving it in
  inextricable perplexities, and more than probably
  in a great deal of Bloodshed.

8
Putting a Nation Together

• A Democratic Dilemma
• Federalism geopolitical diversity
• Articles of Confederation, 1781-89
• Northwest Ordinance, 1787
• Constitutional Convention, 1787
• Federalists vs. Anti-federalists

9
Western Land Survey
10
Putting a Nation Together

• Whigs Democrats
• President Thomas Jefferson (1801-09)
• President Andrew Jackson (1828-36)
• Louisiana Purchase, 1803
• Market Revolution, Industrial Revolution, after
  1800
• Erie Canal
• Chicago, gateway city
• Textile Mills Lowell Lynn, Mass
• Cotton Gin, 1793
• South Cotton Kingdom

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Western Railways
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The North Lowell Mills
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The South Louisiana, 1861
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Putting a Nation Together

• Nation
• Imagined community
• Areal integration
• community/territory/sovereignty

15
Taking a Nation Apart

• Westward expansion of slave system, versus,
• Free Soil
• Republican Party
• Abraham Lincoln
• Election of 1860
• Civil War, 1860-65

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Colonialism

• Nationalism expansion
• Canadas, NB, NS, Florida, Cuba, Louisiana to US?
• Texas 1836, 1845 to US
• New Territory from Mexico, 1846
• Oregon Territory, 1846

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Territorial Expansion
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Colonialism

• Self-Interest
• Dispossession with honour?
• Shift in attitudes in 19th c.
• The State
• Proclamation line
• Treaties
• 1801- removal option

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Colonialism

• Violence
• Battle of Fallen Timbers, 1794
• Tenkswatawa
• Tecumseh
• War of 1812
• Creeks Andrew Jackson
• Five Civilized Tribes Cherokee, Creek,
  Seminole, Chickasaw, Choctaw
• Removal Act, 1830
• Trail of Tears, 1835

20
Reservations after Removal