An Airline Perspective on the implementation of new systems

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An Airline Perspective on the implementation of
new systems

• SEMINAR ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DATALINK AND
  SATCOM COMMUNICATIONS
• Bangkok
• Thailand, 17-19 November 2003
• Kors van den Boogaard
• Assistant Director CNS

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IATA Today

• Founded in 1945
• 274 Member Airlines in August 2003

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Over 90 Offices Worldwide
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Present Status Industry

• Total losses since 9/11 US25 billion
• Expected losses 2003 US10 billion
• Loading Rising Yield Falling
• Airports and Air Navigation Charges US40 billion
  annually Rising !

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Why a new system ?

• Safety
• Capacity
• Efficiency
• Service improvement
• Service costs
• System costs
• Technology is not the driver but the enabler !

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Airspace volume/capacity
A T S Airspace V o l u m e
N A V I G A T I O N
SURVEILLANCE
ATM
Communication
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Air Traffic Infrastructure Flight Efficiency
C D M
Mode-S Surv., ADS, ADS-b, ASAS
F U N C T I O N S
CPDLC VOICE
E N A B L E R S
LEGACY SYSTEMS VHF, HF, ILS, VOR, DME (ADF,
MB, OMEGA)
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COMMUNICATIONFunction, protocol, link

• The function itself partly on the ground (ATC),
  partly in air (cockpit).
• A protocol to establish contact
• A link to provide connectivity
• All 3 elements require investment and operating
  cost, only the function will provide benefit.

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Air- Ground Data Link, point-to-point
FANS-1/ACPDLC/ADS
AIR
ACARS
FUNCTIONALITY
VHF COMM SATCOM HFDL
REQUIREMENTS
ACARS
FANS-1/ACPDLC/ADS
GROUND
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Air- Ground Data Link, point-to-point
ICAOCPDLC/ADS
AIR
ATN
FUNCTIONALITY
VDL M-2
REQUIREMENTS
ATN
ICAOCPDLC/ADS
GROUND
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Converging to one solution for ATS Data-Link?
Trans-atlantic CPDLC/ADS FANS-1/A
USA/CAN (ICAO)CPDLC Build 1 Build 1a Build 2
EUR (ICAO) CPDLC LINK2000
Efficiency
CapacitySafety
CapacitySafety
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Communication Lines
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Airlines and Communication

• The requirement
• to ensure safety
• to conduct business efficiently
• to provide service to the passengers
• Adequate capacity
• restrictions in air traffic
• reduced efficiency
• passengers satisfaction
• Increased reliance
• reduction of separation
• information need to support operations
• new applications

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The Basic Needs

• Adequate capacity/Radio Spectrum
• Global connectivity
• Global interoperability
• Scalability
• Support Data/Voice/Video
• Support for all classes of communication traffic
• Cost effective

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How to satisfy the need ?

• Maintain present voice system
• 25 kHz
• Extend the use of 8.33 kHz if necessary
• Encourage the introduction of data
  communications for ATS
• ACARS
• Satcom/HF data
• AOA
• FANS 1/A
• VDL Mode 2
• Mode ES
• Development of one global common communication
  infrastructure

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European Frequency Congestion
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How not to proceed
8.33 /25 kHz VDL Mode 2
VDL Mode 4
VDL Mode 3
2003
2015
Additional capacity ?
2020
New Operational Concept
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How to proceed
VDL Mode 4
VDL Mode 3
8.33 /25 kHz VDL Mode 2
2003
New System Definition.
Mobile. Telecom Techn.
ITU WRC 2007
2007
Standards
2015
Impl.
2020
New Operational Concept
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Dependent SURVEILLANCEFunction, Enabler

• A surveillance function resides in all aircraft
  (in a given (air)space) and at ANSP-facilities.
• Both Communication and Navigation contribute to a
  surveillance function.
• Navigation to provide the aircrafts position
  (4D) and
• Communication to relay the message to all
  parties interested (broadcast).

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Air Traffic Infrastructure Surveillance example
ADS-b
Mode-S Surv., ADS, ADS-b, ASAS
F U N C T I O N S
E N A B L E R S
GPS, GALILEO
4, UAT, Mode-S
LEGACY SYSTEMS VHF, HF, ILS, VOR, DME (ADF,
MB, OMEGA)
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Need for ADS-B ?

• Safety
• Ground infrastructure costs
• Security ?
• Efficiency
• Enhancement present procedures
• Capacity
• Enhancement of present procedures
• New ATM regime
• Costs
• Service/System costs

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ADS-B Infrastructure costs

• Airborne infrastructure
• One link -8 billion (80-90 integration)
• Two links 10 billion
• Ground station infrastructure
• One link 2 billion
• Two links 2. 5 billion
• ATC integration ?

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Capacity/EfficiencyPushing the present system
into a new ATM Regime
Traffic growth
Transition to new ATM Regime
Enhanced Surveillance Capacity
ATM Capacity
Delay costs
Time
ADS-B Single link
ADS-B Second link
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Surveillance costs
Traffic growth
Ground Infrastructure Surveillance Costs
A2
C1
A1
C2
ADS-B Single link
ADS-B Second link
Time
Reduction in surveillance cost per
aircraft C1/A1 C2/A2
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IATA position

• ADS-B Prime enabler of new ATM concept
• Early cost efficient implementation
• Extension TCAS -1090 ES
• Phased implementation
• Global interoperability
• Business case !

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Scenario
TCAS
Mode ES
Europe
US
VDL Mode 4
UAT
Mode ES
TIS-B
TIS-B
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Result !

• Resources wasted
• Complexity of multiple links
• Double/Triple infrastructure costs

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What needs to be done

• Clearly identify/quantify role/benefit ADS-B in
  new ATM concepts
• Plan ADS-B implementation on a Regional basis
  conform ATM improvements
• Maintain principle of global systems

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What are the basic questions?

• When a new system
• Usage/Functionality
• Selection
• Standardization
• Certification
• Implementation
• Voluntary/ Mandatory
• Capacity/Efficiency

Benefits
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