ProprioceptionNeuromuscular Control

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Proprioception/Neuromuscular Control
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Afferent Inputs (3 subsystems)

• Vision
• Horizontal and vertical references

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Afferent Inputs (3 subsystems)

• Vision
• Vestibular
• Head movement
• Inner ear
• Balance and posture
• Somatosensory
• Peripheral Afferent Receptors

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Somatosensory System

• Afferent Receptors
• Free Nerve Endings
• Hair follicles
• Pain receptors

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Somatosensory System

• Afferent Receptors
• Free Nerve Endings
• Cutaneous Receptors
• Few respond
• Respond at extreme ROM

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Somatosensory System

• Afferent Receptors
• Free Nerve Endings
• Cutaneous Receptors
• Articular (Joint)
• QA and SA
• Pacinian Corpuscle
• Joint capsule
• RA
• sensitivity

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Somatosensory System

• Afferent Receptors
• Free Nerve Endings
• Cutaneous Receptors
• Articular (Joint)
• QA and SA
• Pacinian Corpuscle
• Ruffini Endings
• Capusular collagen
• SA
• Sensitive to

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Somatosensory System

• Afferent Receptors
• Free Nerve Endings
• Cutaneous Receptors
• Articular (Joint)
• QA and SA
• Pacinian Corpuscle
• Ruffini Endings
• Golgi-tendon Like Organs
• Ligaments
• Sensitivity

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Somatosensory System

• Afferent Receptors
• Free Nerve Endings
• Cutaneous Receptors
• Articular (Joint)
• Musculotendinous Receptors
• Muscle Spindles
• Golgi tendon organs

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Location of Muscle Spindle
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Somatosensory System

• Afferent Receptors
• Free Nerve Endings
• Cutaneous Receptors
• Articular (Joint)
• Musculotendinous Receptors
• Muscle Spindles
• Golgi tendon organs

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Path of GTO to Spinal Cord
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Spinal Cord Entry

• Dorsal Roots
• Synapse with interneurons

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Spinal Cord Entry

• Dorsal Roots
• Synapse with interneurons
• Monosynaptic Stretch Reflex

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Spinal Cord Entry

• Dorsal Roots
• Synapse with interneurons
• Monosynaptic Stretch Reflex
• Polysynaptic Reflex

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Pathways to the Brain

• Anterolateral Pathway
• Dorsal Column

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The Brain

• Brain Stem
• Cerebral Cortex
• Cerebellum

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Motor Control Maintenance How do we control
motor Performance?

• FEEDFORWARD AND FEEDBACK
• Feedforward
• Preactivation
• Functions

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Motor Control Maintenance How do we control
motor Performance?

• FEEDFORWARD AND FEEDBACK
• Feedback
• So what?
• The Key

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Components of Neuromuscular Control Training

• Proprioception
• Kinesthesia
• Dynamic Stability
• Preparatory Muscle Contractions
• Reactive Muscle Characteristics
• Conscious and Unconscious Movement Patterns

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Re-establishing Neuromuscular Control

• Four Basic Elements
• Proprioceptiom
• Dynamic Joint Stabilization
• Reactive Neuromuscular Control
• Functional Motor Patterns

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Phases of Neuromuscular Control Training

• Phase I
• Phase II
• Phase III
• Phase IV