LANDINGS

1
LANDINGS

• NALL REPORT INDICATES 36 ASEL, FIXED-GEAR
  ACCIDENTS DUE TO IMPROPER LANDINGS
• OVERSHOOTS AND UNDERSHOOTS SHOW LACK OF
  PROFICIENCY IN MAX PERFORMANCE LANDINGS

2
LANDINGS

• PRECISE LANDINGS DEMAND PRECISE CONTROL OF
  AIRSPEED, ATTITUDE AND GLIDE PATH
• FAA RECOMMENDS APPROACH SPEED EQUAL TO 1.3 Vso
• FOR SHORT FIELD, 1.15Vso, OVER THE FENCE, MAY BE
  APPROPRIATE

3
LANDINGS

• KNOW YOUR AIRSPEED MARKINGS REF. SYSTEM (IAS vs.
  CAS)
• FOR T-41 (FLAPS DOWN)
• IAS 50 60 70 80 90 100 MPH
• CAS 59 63 71 80 88 98 MPH
• POH RECOMMENDED SPEED 75 MPH (AT MAX GROSS
  WEIGHT) (STALL SPEED IS 58 MPH FOR 50 FLAPS)

4
LANDINGS

• FOR T-41 WITH 2 PASSENGERS AND 50 FUEL, STALL
  SPEED IS 52 MPH FOR 50 FLAPS 1.3 TIMES 52
  MPH IS 68 MPH
• 7 MPH DIFFERENCE SEEMS SMALL, BUT RESULTS IN 2.25
  TIMES AS MUCH ENERGY TO DISSIPATE AND 125
  INCREASE IN FLOAT DISTANCE

5
LANDINGS

• FLYING CORRECT AIRSPEED IS KEY
• FLYING CORRECT ATTITUDE ALSO IMPORTANT
• WITH FLAPS DEFLECTED, ATTITUDE SHOULD BE SLIGHTLY
  BELOW NORMAL CRUISE ATTITUDE

6
LANDINGS

• AT PREDETERMINED AIRSPEED AND APPROACH ATTITUDE,
  CONTROL GLIDEPATH (DESCENT RATE) WITH POWER
• USE RUNWAY NUMBERS AS FIXED REF.
• IF NOSE CLOSES WITH NUMBERS, REDUCE POWER IF
  NOSE MOVES AWAY FROM NUMBERS, INCREASE POWER

7
LANDINGS

• OPERATING IN AREA OF BACKSIDE OF POWER CURVE
  DURING APPROACH
• EXTEND GLIDE BY PITCHING DOWN
• SHORTEN GLIDE BY PITCHING UP
• ALSO SHORTEN GLIDE BY SLIPPING NOTE RUDDER
  INPUT BEFORE AILERON SEEMS TO WORK BEST

8
LANDINGS

• SLIP AFFECTS IAS! PITOT IS AT ANGLE TO RELATIVE
  WIND AND STATIC MAY SENSE PITOT PRESUURE OR
  REDUCED PRESSURE, DEPENDING ON SIDE TO WHICH SLIP
  IS DONE
• FLY ATTITUDE