Organic Chemistry

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Organic Chemistry
Jake Saul Ryan Funchion Blake Boulton
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Hydrocarbons
A compound containing only the elements hydrogen
and carbon.
Hydrocarbons are known as the base of organic
chemistry.
Classified as two types.
-Aromatic hydrocarbons- contain one or more
benzene rings.
- Aliphatic hydrocarbons- All other hydrocarbons.

Hydrocarbons
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Classification of Alkanes
Breaking it down
Least complex hydrocarbons
Isomers of Alkanes-differ in structural
arrangements and properties.
Alkanes- hydrocarbons- hydrocarbons having only
single carbon bonds.
Cycloalkanes- hydrocarbons bonded in a ring and
all bonds are single bonds.
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Alkenes
Unsaturated hydrocarbons with double bonds
between carbon atoms.(Unsaturated hydrocarbons
contain multiple bonds)
Alkenes
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Alkynes
An aliphatic hydrocarbon having one or more
triple bond.
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Aromatic Hydrocarbons
An organic ring compound containing one or more
benzene rings.
The common characteristic s of these compounds
arise from the delocalization of the pie
electrons as shown.
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Other Organic Compounds
Organic compounds can be made up of different
substances other then carbon and hydrogen, when
this substitution occurs, the chemical reactivity
of the hydrocarbon is generally increased.
Examples of other organic compounds.
1.) Halogen Derivatives 3.)Alcohols and
Ethers 2.)Organic Oxygen Compounds 4.)Aldehydes
and Ketones
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Halogen Derivatives
One family of substituted hydrocarbon molecules
has a halogen atom substituted for a hydrogen
atom.
In the pictures, chlorine atoms have been
substituted for the hydrogen atoms.
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Organic Oxygen Compounds
These are examples of organic compounds that have
been substituted with oxygen, some of these
products we use everyday.
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Organic Products
We use organic products everyday in our lives.
Nine million out of the over ten million
substances known are organic substances.
Examples of Organic Products
1.) Petroleum 3.)Plastics 2.)
Elastomers 4.) Synthetic Fibers
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Petroleum
Petroleum is the chief source of organic
compounds. Petroleum is a mixture of
hydrocarbons along with small amounts of
compounds of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur.
Products that form from Petroleum- -Wax
Paper -Jet Fuel -Diesel oil -Coke -Ships -
Gasoline -Roads -Kerosene - Drugs
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Elastomers
Substances that can be deformed under the
influence of an outside force, but will return to
there original shape one the force is removed.
All types of rubbers are known as elastomers.
Elastomers
A good example of an elastomer is the rubber
ball, when the ball strikes a surface, the ball
becomes more tightly compact, then it quickly
returns to its normal state.
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Plastics
Another widely used organic material is plastic.
Plastic is widely used among many different
products and is used all across the world today.
Many consumers use plastic products.
The production of these plastics are made by a
process called blow-modeled products, which is
used by high-density polyethylene. The bottles
are blown in shape by they mold they are placed
in, such as these.
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Organic Chemistry
Every where you go in life you are surrounded by
organic materials.
Common Definitions and Terms in Organic Chemistry