Gem 101 218101

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Gem 101 (218101)
INTRODUCTION OF GEMOLOGY
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Department of Geological Sciences, Faculty of
Science Gem 101 INTRODUCTION TO
GEMOLOGY (218101) Abbr -
Pre NONE Course Description Introduction
crystal form, physical and optical properties of
gemstone, origin and occurrence of gemstones,
characteristic and properties of important
gemstones. Objectives To enable the students to
understand definition used in gemology and gain
knowledge about important gemstones including
their origins.
Course Content No. of lecture
hrs. 1. Introduction
3 1.1 Gemstones and gemology 1.2
Classification of gemstones 1.3 Manmade
gemstones
3
Course Content No. of lecture hrs. 2.
Crystal form, physical and optical properties of
gemstones 12 2.1 Crystal system and crystal
form 2.2 Physical properties of gemstones 2.2.1
Cleavage, parting and fracture 2.2.2
Hardness 2.2.3 Toughness 2.2.4
Stability 2.2.5 Specific gravity 2.3
Electrical and magnetic properties 2.3.1
Electroconductivity 2.3.2 Piezoelectricity 2.3
.3 Pyroelectricity 2.3.4 Magnetism 2.4
Optical properties 2.4.1 Visual
characteristic 2.4.2 Optical test 3. Origin
and occurrence of gemstones 3 3.1 Gemstones
in igneous rocks 3.2 Gemstones in sedimentary
rocks 3.3 Gemstones in metamorphic rocks 3.4
Gemstones from solution
4
Course Content No. of lecture hrs. 4.
Characteristics and properties of important
gemstones 27 4.1 Diamond 4.2
Corundum 4.3 Beryl 4.4 Chrysoberyl 4.5
Garnet 4.6 Spinel 4.7 Tourmaline 4.8
Quartz 4.9 Peridot 4.10 Topaz 4.11 Opal 4.12
Zircon 4.13 Jade 4.14 Turquoise 4.15 Lapis
Lazuli 4.16 Iolite 4.17 Tanzanite 4.18 Organic
gems Total
45
5
????? 1 ???? (Introduction)
1.1 ????????????????? ??????????????(gemstones
and gemology)
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??????(gems) ??????? ??? ???????
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???????????(gemology) ???????
??????????????????????????????????????
???????????? ?????? (source)
???????????????????? (description) ???????
(origin) ????????????
(identification) ???????????? (grading)
????????? ???????????(appraisal)
6
??????????? ??????????????????????????????
????????????????????? (mineralogy)
????????????????????????????? (geology)
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??????????????????? 4000 ????
?????????????????????????????????? ??????? 150
???????????????? ????????????? ??????? 20
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7
??????????????????? ?????????????????????? ???
1. ???????????? (beauty) ????????????
???????????????????????????? (brilliancy)
?????????????????(transparency)
2. ?????????????? (durability)
??????????????????? 3 ?????? ???
- ???????? (hardness) ??????????????????????????
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- ?????????? (toughness) ???????????????????????
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- ??????????????? (stability)
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3. ???????????????? (rarity) ?????????????????????
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???????????????? 3 ??????????
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(fashion) ??????????????????????????
???????????? (portable)
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1.2 ??????????????????????
?????????? ??? 3 ????? ???

• ??? ???????????????????

• ??? ???? ?????????????? (lapis lazuri)
• ????????????? (obsidian)

• ??????????? ???? ?????? (pearl)

????? (amber)
??????? (coral)
9
???????????????? ??????????????????
????????
1. ?????? (Species)
??????????????????? ????????????????? ????????????
???????????????? ???????????? ????????
???? ???????????(corundum)

• ??????????????????????????? (species corundum)

• ?????????????? Al2O3

• ??????????????????? hexagonal ????????

????????(beryl)

• ???????????????????????? (species beryl)

• ?????????????? Be3Al2Si6O18

• ??????????????????? hexagonal ????????

Species corundum
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2. ???? (Variety)
?????????????????????????????????????????????? ???
???????? ???/???? ???????????????? ????
???????????????????? ???????????????
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?????? (ruby) ???????
??????? (blue sapphire) ??????????? ?????
?????
??????????????? (yellow sapphire) ?????
????????
???????????? (star sapphire) ?????????? 6 ???
???????????? corundum ???????
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3. ?????? (Group)
????????????????????????????? ????????????????????
??????????????????????????????????
???????????? ???????????????????????? ????

• ????????????? ???? ????? (Garnet group)
  ?????????????????? ??????

• ??????????? (Species pyrope)

Mg3Al2Si3O12

• ??????????????? (Species almandine)

Fe3Al2Si3O12

• ???????????????? (Species spessartine)

Mn3Al2Si3O12
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• ?????????????????? (Species grossularite)

Ca3Al2Si3O12
- ???????????? (Variety tsavorite)
?????????
- ????????????? (Variety hessonite)
???????

• ???????????????? (Species andradite)

Ca3Fe2Si3O12
- ?????????????? (Variety demantoid)
?????????
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1.3 ?????????? (Manmade gemstones)
1. ???????????????? (synthetic gemstone)
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2. ?????????????? (simulant ???? imitation)
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3. ??????????? (assemble stone ???? composit
gem) ????????????????????????????? ?????????
??????? 2 ?????????? ??????????????????
?????????????????