METEOROLOGICAL MEASUREMENTS IN THE ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY LAYER E. Dupont

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METEOROLOGICAL MEASUREMENTSIN THE ATMOSPHERIC
BOUNDARY LAYERE. Dupont D. Demengel Y.
Lefranc

• Activity integrated in CEREA since 2005
• Outline
• - Objectives
• - Focus on sodars campaign
• - Tests of a UHF radar
• - Collaboration with IPSL

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OBJECTIVES

• To propose solutions for the needs of EDF in the
  fields of
• Atmospheric dispersion at an industrial or urban
  site
• Wind energy resource
• Interaction acoustic propagation / meteorology
• Tests of instruments and development of
  methodologies
• For nuclear power plants safety rule,
  dispersion of effluents in routine or accidental
  conditions
• Wind turbine parks reduction of uncertainty on
  wind resource estimation
• Constitution of data bases for validation of
  numerical models (Mercure_Saturne) and
  simulations on complex terrain
• Participation to cooperative field experiments
  (ESCOMPTE, PARIS-FOG during next winter )
• Primarily wind and turbulence measurements
• In-situ and remote sensing sodar, UHF radar

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SODARS INTERCOMPARISON

• Main goal evaluation of the availability and
  the quality of measurements provided by several
  commercialised mini-sodars, and their acoustic
  disturbance
• Do they fulfil the conditions to be used on the
  nuclear power plants (currently used sodars have
  to be changed) ?
• Do they fulfil the specific needs of wind energy
  applications ?
• Flat and homogeneous site (in Beauce) December
  2005 to February 2006
• Very few such inter-comparisons of phased array
  sodars are reported in the litterature
• European project WISE (WInd energy Sodar
  Evaluation) underline advantages of sodars for
  wind energy applications but also many drawbacks
• No or bad measurements of strong winds, no or bad
  measurements in rainy situations, necessity of
  data filter and calibration

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INSTRUMENTAL SET-UP
Remtech PA2
Remtech PA0
78 m height mast Sonic and cup anemometers
Scintec SFAS
AéroVironment AV4000
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Application to wind energy resource estimation

• Test of a methodology to determine wind speed at
  hub height (about 80 m for current turbines),
  with a 40 m height mast during one year and a 2
  months sodar campaign
• Use of normalized profiles of wind speed averaged
  by direction sectors
• Computation of wind speed at 80 m during one year
  and comparison with anemometer measurement ? bias
  divided by 3 compared to an extrapolation with a
  power law
• To be tested on a complex terrain !
• CONCLUSIONS
• Measurements between 30 m and 200 m to 300 m
• Problems of measurements in very windy or rainy
  situations can be overcame with hardware and
  software adaptations
• For some sodars, very good results are found for
  the comparison with sonic anemometers, without
  any user data filter
• For this data set, calibration against cup
  anemometer was not useful
• Sodars can probably allow a reduction of error on
  the estimation of wind turbines electric
  production

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TESTS OF A UHF RADAR

• Collaboration with Laboratoire dAérologie
  (Lannemezan) (PhD of Vincent Puygrenier) and the
  manufacturer Degréane
• Objectives
• Improvment of the quality of measurements below
  200 m AGL
• Development of methodologies for estimation of
  turbulent variables
• Application to ABL studies (especially during
  ESCOMPTE campaign)
• Campaign of 2005 (August-November)
• Test of important modifications performed by
  Degréane on the transmitter and the receiver
• Comparison with sodar Remtech PA2 and Metek sonic
  anemometer
• Results show significant improvment of the
  quality of data at the first level (85 m)

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Comparison Degréane UHF radar / Remtech PA2
sodar(collaboration with Laboratoire dAérologie
- Lannemezan)
85 m level Bias lt 0,5 m/s / 5 Precision 1
m/s / 30
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Turbulence measurements with UHF radar

• Direct comparison between spectral width on the
  vertical beam given by UHF radar and standard
  deviation of vertical velocity given by sodar

8h 16h TU
all data
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Collaboration with Institut Pierre Simon Laplace

• Instruments of EDF-RD/CEREA are going to be
  installed before the end of 2006 on the
  experimental site of IPSL (SIRTA, Ecole
  Polytechnique, suburbs of Paris)
• This will contribute to a very well instrumented
  site (in-situ teledetection) for research on
  meteorology and air quality. Supported by Ile de
  France region.
• Two main projects for the next years
• Simulation of the ABL heterogeneities induced by
  the land use on this complex site (trees,
  buildings, water )
• Long-term comparison between Mercure_Saturne code
  and measurements (wind, turbulence, radiative
  fluxes, temperature and humidity) with different
  modes of simulation and grids (COMPERES project)
• PARIS-FOG Observation and numerical simulation
  of the fog (Météo-France/IPSL/CEREA)
• Campaign between november 2006 and march 2007
• 1D and 3D simulations of turbulent, radiative,
  dynamical and microphysical processes involved in
  the life cycle of the fog